Encyclopedia > Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway had the largest stock of steam locomotives of any of the 'Big Four' pre-Nationalisation railway companies. Despite early troubles arising from factions within the new company, the LMS went on to build some moderately successful designs; many lasted until the end of steam traction on British Railways in 1968. For an explanation of numbering and classification, see British Locomotive and Multiple Unit Numbering and Classification. The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS1) was a British railway company. ...
British Railways (BR), later rebranded as British Rail, ran the British railway system, from the nationalisation of the Big Four British railway companies in 1948 until its privatisation in stages between 1994 and 1997. ...
Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A number of different numbering and classification schemes has been used for locomotives and multiple units on Britains railways, and this page explains the principal systems that have been used. ...
Various locomotives were inherited from pre-grouping companies. Those from the smaller railways, and hence non-standard, were withdrawn quite early, while ex-Midland, LNWR and L&YR types persisted.
The Midland had long had a 'small engine policy', i.e. that it preferred small engines hauling frequent, fairly short trains, and employing a second locomotive (double-heading) where necessary. Unfortunately this practice, while emininently suitable for the route from Sheffield, Derby and Nottingham to London was not at all suited to the route from Euston to Glasgow via Crewe, Preston and Carlisle (the 'West Coast Main Line') and it took several years to convince the senior staff responsible for such matters that this was the case.
The first sign of the change was the Royal Scot class 4-6-0s of 1927, officially designed by Fowler, but actually designed by the North British Locomotive Company with approval from Fowler. Even so, the majority of designs continued to be very much Midland in character. Parallel boilered 6100 Royal Scot poses for the official photograph after preparation for its North American tour, 1933. ...
The North British Locomotive Company (NBL) was created in 1903 through the merger of three Glasgow companies; Sharp Stewart, Neilson Reid and Dübs and Company creating the largest locomotive building company in Europe. ...
This changed when Stanier arrived. His large, streamlined 'Princess Coronation' class engines were iconic and flew the flag for the LMS against the competing Class A4 of the London and North Eastern Railway, even though they were slightly modernised copies of the GWR King Class of 1927. 60034 Lord Farringdon at Aberdeen Ferryhill, 1965. ...
LNER timetable for Autumn 1926 detailing the resumption of services after the General Strike. ...
Locomotives acquired from constituent companies See LMS locomotive numbering and classification for an explanation of the numbers allocated to inherited locomotives and the power classification system used below. The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) maintained a simple, if imprecise, method of classifying its locomotives. ...
Ex-Midland Railway -
The Midland shaped the subsequent LMS locomotive policy until 1933. Its locomotives (which it always referred to as engines) followed its small engine policy, with numerous class 2F, 3F and 4F 0-6-0s for goods work, 2P and 4P 4-4-0s for passenger work, 0-4-4T and 0-6-0T tank engines. The only exception to this was its 0-10-0 banking engine for the Lickey Incline. The Midland Railways locomotives (which it always referred to as engines), followed its small engine policy. ...
The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922. ...
The Midland Railways locomotives (which it always referred to as engines), followed its small engine policy. ...
0-6-0 is also the emergency telephone number in Mexico, similar to the United Statess 9-1-1. ...
Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad #87, delivered 1873-10-27 from the Mason Machine Works of Taunton, Massachusetts. ...
No. ...
Ex-London and North Western Railway -
Locomotives of the London and North Western Railway. ...
Ex-Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway -
Locomotives of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. ...
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 5 is a class of 2-4-2T steam locomotive. ...
51217 inside Bank Hall shed, 1958. ...
Preserved No. ...
Preserved No. ...
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) Class 27 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive designed for freight work. ...
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) Class 28 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive, designed by George Hughes. ...
Ex-North Staffordshire Railway - NSR 0-6-0T No. 131
- NSR 0-6-2T No. 165
- NSR 0-6-4T No. 173
Ex-Caledonian Railway The class number used for Caledonian Railway engines was the stock number of the first member of the class to reach traffic. Hence earlier numbered classes could well have appeared later in time. 55162 at Ayr, 1948. ...
56325 at Aberdeen Ferryhill September 1960. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Caledonian Railway 72 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced by William Pickersgill in 1920. ...
55162 at Ayr, 1948. ...
Caledonian Railway Single No. ...
The Caledonian Railway 294 Class were freight 0-6-0 tender engines introduced in 1918 and designed by William Pickersgill. ...
55162 at Ayr, 1948. ...
55162 at Ayr, 1948. ...
The Caledonian Railway 498 Class was a class of 0-6-0T locomotive designed for dock shunting. ...
Caledonian Railway no. ...
The Caledonian Railway 670 Class were freight 0-6-0 tender engines introduced in 1919 and designed by William Pickersgill. ...
Caledonian Railway 72 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced by William Pickersgill in 1920. ...
56325 at Aberdeen Ferryhill September 1960. ...
Caledonian Railway no. ...
Caledonian Railway 72 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced by William Pickersgill in 1920. ...
939 Class is believed to be the official designation used by the Caley when referring to the ex-Highland Railway River Class 4-6-0s they acquired late in 1915. ...
This article needs to be wikified. ...
Ex-Furness Railway -
The Furness was a small company with a correspondingly small locomotive stock. It is known best for the Baltic tanks (which seemed to be a little more successful than the L & Y examples of the same arrangement). The Furness Railway company owned many different types of locomotives, built by several locomotive building companies, including Sharp Stewart and Company. ...
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) was a major British railway company before the 1923 Grouping, although in 1922 it had already entered into a working agreement with the London and North Western Railway. ...
The Baltics did not survive for long.
The only class that survived as far as nationalisation were some moderate sized 0-6-0 tender engines classified '3F' by the LMS. Six were still in traffic as of 31st August 1948.
Ex-Glasgow and South Western Railway - G&SWR 'Austrian Goods' 2-6-0
The Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR) Austrian Goods is a class of 2-6-0 (mogul) steam locomotive designed by Peter Drummond. ...
Ex-Highland Railway Despite their small numbers quite a few Highland Railway classes survived.
Classification of Highland Railway Locomotives is a little messy. A systematic class identification system was in use at one point but just when is not documented. The system has it's problems in that some classes with early codes appeared after classes with later codes, classes E and F are a case in point.
Additionally, although the classification seems mainly to have been applied to the products of the David Jones years, not all of his designs seem to have been coded.
Visually there are three periods - the first covers the period up to and including the introduction of the Castles (basically everything before Peter Drummond although the Castle's design was started by Jones and finished by Drummond). The second period is the Drummond years, and the third is the Smith/Cumming years. Peter Drummond (1850-1918) was a Scottish Locomotive Superintendent with the Highland Railway from 1896 to 1911 and with the Glasgow and South Western Railway from 1912 to 1918. ...
There are exceptions - the Yankee tanks don't fit, but then they were an opportunistic purchase of a design that did not originate on the HR. Also the Drummond 0-4-4 tanks are not typical Drummond products stylistically.
The locomotives supplied initially were classic Allan designs, small 2-2-2s and 2-4-0s, outside cylindered and with external framing and (initially at least) not even a weatherboard to protect the enginemen. ...
The Highland Railway E Class were passenger 4-4-0s of David Jones design. ...
The Highland Railway F Class 4-4-0s were introduced in 1874. ...
The Highland Railway L Class 4-4-0s were more commonly known as Skye Bogies due to their exclusive association with that line. ...
The Highland Railway O Class were 4-4-0 tanks. ...
The Highland Railway Yankee tanks were officially known as Class P. They were outside cylindered 4-4-0 side tanks with enclosed cabs. ...
The Highland Railway Strath Class 4-4-0s were introduced in 1892. ...
The Highland Railway Jones Goods Class first appeared in 1894. ...
It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: no context, there is a faint hint that these are locomotives If you can address this concern by improving, copyediting, sourcing, renaming or merging the page, please edit this page and do so. ...
David Jones also built a small number of locomotives for the Highland Railway that defy classification as so few details are available. ...
The Highland Railway Ben Class were small 4-4-0 passenger engines. ...
These locomomotives were introduced in 1900, to the design of Peter Drummond. ...
The Highland Railway Drummond 0-6-4T Class were primarily intended for banking duty. ...
The Highland railway Drummond 0-4-4T Class get little mention. ...
The Highland Railway River Class is a type of railroad engine. ...
The Highland Railway Clan Class were passenger 4-6-0s designed by Christopher Cumming. ...
The Highland Railway Clan Goods class were designed by Christopher Cumming. ...
Hughes (1923–1925) George Hughes, formerly of the L&YR became the first Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the LMS. However, he retired just two years later in 1925. His one new design was a class of mixed traffic moguls known as "crabs". George Hughes (9 October 1865 — 27 October 1945) was a locomotive engineer, Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. ...
Chief Mechanical Engineer and Locomotive Superintendent are titles applied by British railway companies to persons in charge of building or maintaining locomotives. ...
Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
He also built small numbers of slightly modified versions of pre-grouping designs including: The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Hughes Crab or Horwich Mogul is a class of mixed traffic steam locomotives built between 1926 and 1932. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
55162 at Ayr, 1948. ...
Fowler (1925–1931) Sir Henry Fowler, deputy CME under Hughes, was formerly CME of the Midland Railway. He was largely responsible for the adoption of the Midland's small engines as LMS standards. This led to a crisis as these were underpowered. However, some moves towards larger engines were made, Royal Scots and Garratts. At the end of Fowler's reign, Ernest Lemon briefly took over as CME but was quickly promoted to make room for William Stanier. Sir Henry Fowler (July 29, 1870–October 16, 1938) was a Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Midland Railway and subsequently the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. ...
The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922. ...
Sir Ernest John Hutchings Lemon (9 December 1884-15 December 1954) was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and later its Vice-President. ...
Sir William Arthur Stanier F.R.S. (27 May 1876 - 27 September 1965) was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. ...
The first LMS-built 2P 40563 at Shepton Mallet. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler Dock Tank was a 0-6-0T steam locomotive. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 2-6-2T was a class of steam locomotive. ...
Preserved 47493 on the Spa Valley Railway with a demonstration freight train. ...
41199 at Derby in 1948, recently outshopped with British Railways on her tender. ...
42362 and 42418 at Derby Works on 27 March 1960. ...
44252 at Coalville MPD, June 1955. ...
The LMS Class 7F 0-8-0 was an update of the LNWR Class G2 0-8-0. ...
Unrebuilt Patriot number 45551 in 1961. ...
Parallel boilered 6100 Royal Scot poses for the official photograph after preparation for its North American tour, 1933. ...
The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Garratt was a class of Garratt 2-6-0+0-6-2 steam locomotive designed for heavy freight. ...
The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) 6399 Fury was an unsuccessful experimental express passenger locomotive. ...
Stock taken in from the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway was jointly owned by the LMS and the Southern with the LMS responsible for locomotive affairs. However, its locomotives were kept separate until 1928 when they were taken into LMS stock. These mostly consisted of standard Midland types constructed by the Midland and the LMS. The S&DJR 7F 2-8-0 however was specific to the line. The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) was an English railway company jointly owned by the Midland Railway and the London and South Western Railway. ...
Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for heavy freight. ...
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for heavy freight. ...
47191 at Radstock, c. ...
Stanier (1932–1944) William Stanier arrived in 1932 from the Great Western Railway and with the backing of Josiah Stamp, reversed the small engine policy and saved the LMS. Sir William Arthur Stanier F.R.S. (27 May 1876 - 27 September 1965) was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. ...
Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The original Bristol Temple Meads station, first terminus of the GWR, is the building to the left of this picture The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company, linking South West England, the West Country and South Wales with London. ...
Josiah Stamp Banking was conceived in iniquity and born in sin. ...
41909 at Coventry shed in 1962, in poor condition (note missing chimney!). Nevertheless its Midland outline can be seen. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Stanier 2-6-2T was a class of steam locomotive. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Stanier 2-6-4T is a class of steam locomotive designed by William Stanier. ...
The only preserved example of the 40-strong class, number 2968 in LMS livery. ...
Preserved 45407 masquerading as one of the few named locomotives of this class, long-scrapped sister 45157 The Glasgow Highlander. ...
The London Midland and Scottish Railways Jubilee class were a group of 191 engines built between 1934 and 1936. ...
Preserved 6233 Duchess of Sutherland running in 2001. ...
The Princess Royal Class was a class of a express passenger steam locomotive built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and designed by William Stanier. ...
48773 in preservation at Bewdley on the Severn Valley Railway. ...
The Turbomotive, with large forward turbine and smoke deflectors added during the war. ...
Fairburn (1944–1945) Fairburn was somewhat restricted by the rules applied to the railway companies by the war situation (not to mention the fact that Stanier had left things in a state that required little or no new design). He was responsible for the construction of a number of locomotives to Stanier designs (mainly the 8F 2-8-0 and 5MT 4-6-0) and some detailed design variations on the latter. A Chinese-built 2-8-0 on display at the National Railroad Museum in Green Bay, WI, April 26, 2004. ...
A Finnish 4-6-0, built by Tampella in 1915 In the Whyte notation, a 4-6-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has a two-axle leading truck followed by three driving axles. ...
42072 at Bradford Exchange, 1966/7 42072 again, this time at Leeds City station. ...
Ivatt (1945–1947) George Ivatt, son of the former GNR CME Henry Ivatt became CME in 1946. He continued building some Stanier types, but introduced some low-powered class 2 engines and a medium-powered class 4 mixed traffic design. A pair of main line diesels were also produced. Henry George Ivatt (4 May 1886 — 4 October 1976) known as George Ivatt, was the post-war Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London Midland and Scottish Railway. ...
Henry Alfred Ivatt (16 September 1851 — 25 October 1923) was the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Great Northern Railway from 1896 to 1911. ...
Preserved locomotive, no. ...
41248 departing Highbridge with a passenger train. ...
43049. ...
Preserved 6233 Duchess of Sutherland running in 2001. ...
Modern Traction The LMS experimented with various forms of non-steam locomotives, and pioneered the use of diesel locomotives in Great Britain. 10001 at Bletchley, 1954. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) pioneered the use of diesel shunting locomotives in Great Britain. ...
An official photograph of No. ...
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway purchased three four-wheel diesel railcars from Leyland in 1933. ...
Post-Nationalisation LMS locomotive design should have ended in 1948 at Nationalisation, but had enormous influence over the design of British Rail's 'Standard' steam locomotives by former LMS man R.A. Riddles. Some of the designs were little changed from the comparable designs by Ivatt. This article is about the defunct entity British Railways, which later traded as British Rail. The History of rail transport in Great Britain is covered in its own article. ...
Robert Arthur Robin Riddles (23 May 1892 — 18 June 1983) was a British locomotive engineer. ...
Riddles built quite a few examples of designs from the 'Big Four', including most of the Fairburn/Ivatt tankers. These were distributed around the system, with quite a few of the 2-6-2 designs going to the Southern Region.
Withdrawal Pre-grouping types were withdrawn early for being non-standard, and locomotives were routinely withdrawn after their lives expired.
Withdrawal of locomotives generally did not take place until the great locomotive cull of British Railways in the period 1962-1966. A pair of "Black Fives" were the last steam locomotives to be run on British Railways in 1968, although since then there have been almost weekly charter runs for the enthusiast and tourist markets and the occasional timetabled service (for instance at Dawlish and Stratford-upon-Avon). This article is about the defunct entity British Railways, which later traded as British Rail. The History of rail transport in Great Britain is covered in its own article. ...
British Railways (BR), later rebranded as British Rail, ran the British railway system, from the nationalisation of the Big Four British railway companies in 1948 until its privatisation in stages between 1994 and 1997. ...
Year 1965 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Map sources for Dawlish at grid reference SX963767 The Great Western Main Line runs along the Dawlish seafront Dawlish is a town on the south coast of Devon, England, 12 miles from the County town of Exeter, with a population of around 13,000 people. ...
Stratford-upon-Avon Stratford-upon-Avon is a town in Warwickshire, England. ...
Preservation A significant number of LMS locomotives have been preserved: The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Hughes Crab or Horwich Mogul is a class of mixed traffic steam locomotives built between 1926 and 1932. ...
Preserved 47493 on the Spa Valley Railway with a demonstration freight train. ...
44252 at Coalville MPD, June 1955. ...
Parallel boilered 6100 Royal Scot poses for the official photograph after preparation for its North American tour, 1933. ...
42504 at Plaistow 31 May 1960. ...
The only preserved example of the 40-strong class, number 2968 in LMS livery. ...
45333 and 44665 inside Annesley shed on 11 September 1965. ...
The London Midland and Scottish Railways Jubilee class were a group of 191 engines built between 1934 and 1936. ...
The Princess Royal Class was a class of a express passenger steam locomotive built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and designed by William Stanier. ...
Preserved 6233 Duchess of Sutherland running in 2001. ...
An unidentified 8F with a coal train (a typical duty) in 1966. ...
London, Midland and Scottish Railway Class 4MT no. ...
Preserved locomotive, no. ...
41248 departing Highbridge with a passenger train. ...
43049. ...
References - David Jenkinson and Bob Essery An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives Vol. 1: General Review and Locomotive Liveries. 1981
- David Jenkinson and Bob Essery An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives Vol. 2: Absorbed Pre-group Classes Western and Central Divisions. OPC 1985
- David Jenkinson and Bob Essery An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives Vol. 3: Absorbed Pre-group Classes Northern Division
- David Jenkinson and Bob Essery An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives Vol. 4: Absorbed Pre-Group Classes, Midland Division.
- David Jenkinson and Bob Essery An Illustrated History of L.M.S. Locomotives Vol. 5: Volume Five: The Post-Grouping Standard Designs
David Jenkinson (1934 — 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society. ...
Robert J. Bob Essery is a British railway modeller and historian with a particular interest in the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and one of its principle constituents, the Midland Railway (MR). ...
David Jenkinson (1934 — 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society. ...
Robert J. Bob Essery is a British railway modeller and historian with a particular interest in the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and one of its principle constituents, the Midland Railway (MR). ...
David Jenkinson (1934 — 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society. ...
Robert J. Bob Essery is a British railway modeller and historian with a particular interest in the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and one of its principle constituents, the Midland Railway (MR). ...
David Jenkinson (1934 — 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society. ...
Robert J. Bob Essery is a British railway modeller and historian with a particular interest in the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and one of its principle constituents, the Midland Railway (MR). ...
David Jenkinson (1934 — 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society. ...
Robert J. Bob Essery is a British railway modeller and historian with a particular interest in the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and one of its principle constituents, the Midland Railway (MR). ...
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