 1+1=3 and 0=1 are false in all possible worlds. Philosophers generally consider logical possibility to be the broadest sort of subjunctive possibility in modal logic. The notion can be glossed by the popular description of logically possible propositions as those which can be asserted without any logical contradiction. Another way of saying this is that a proposition is logically possible if and only if there is some coherent way for the world to be, under which the proposition would be true. Thus, "the sky is blue" (and all other actually true propositions) is logically possible: there is a logically coherent way for the world to be such that it is true, viz., the way that the world actually is. But this "way for the world to be" need not be the way the world actually is; it need only be logically coherent. So, for example, the false proposition the sky is green is also logically possible, so long as we are able (as we indeed seem to be) to conceive of some logically coherent world in which the sky is green. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (857x1644, 298 KB) Summary Newspaper rack with graffiti exemplifying necessary falsehoods. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (857x1644, 298 KB) Summary Newspaper rack with graffiti exemplifying necessary falsehoods. ...
The Philosopher (detail), by Rembrandt Philosophy is a field of study that includes diverse subfields such as aesthetics, epistemology, ethics, logic, and metaphysics, in which people ask questions such as whether God exists, whether knowledge is possible, and what makes actions right or wrong. ...
Subjunctive possibility (also called aletheic possibility or metaphysical possibility) is the form of modality most frequently studied in modal logic. ...
A modal logic is any logic for handling modalities: concepts like possibility, impossibility, and necessity. ...
Broadly speaking, a contradiction is an incompatibility between two or more statements, ideas, or actions. ...
These propositions, then, are to be contrasted with logically impossible propositions, i.e., propositions which could not possibly be true because they are formal contradictions. While it is logically possible for the sky to be green, it is not logically possible for the sky to be both green and not green at the same time and in the same respect. To conceive of the sky as green is to exclude it being non-green, and to conceive of it as non-green is to exclude it being green. Broadly speaking, a contradiction is an incompatibility between two or more statements, ideas, or actions. ...
Logical possibility should be distinguished from other sorts of subjunctive possibilities. For example, it may be logically possible for the laws of nature to be different from what they actually are. The debate over whether it really is logically possible is beyond the scope of this article; the important thing to note here is that many philosophers have taken it for granted that it is logically possible; and if it is, then many things that we would normally consider to be demonstrably impossible will still be included amongst logical possibilities: for example, that I might fly by flapping my arms, or that I might throw a baseball faster than the speed of light. Many philosophers, then, have held that these scenarios are logically possible but nomologically impossible, i.e., impossible under the actual laws of nature. Similarly, it is a perfectly genuine logical possibility that I might go on a senseless killing spree because I woke up on the wrong side of the bed one morning; but this is no accusation against my character, because while it is logically possible (there is no contradiction involved in supposing that it is true), it is not characterologically possible--there is no way that it could happen unless I cease to be the sort of person that I actually am. Cherenkov effect in a swimming pool nuclear reactor. ...
An event or situation is a nomological possibility just in case it is possible given the laws of nature that govern our physical universe. ...
With this understanding of logical possibility in mind, the other logical modalities may be defined in terms of it: a proposition is logically necessary if it is not logically possible for it to be false, logically impossible if it is not logically possible for it to be true, and logically contingent if it is logically possible for it to be true and also logically possible for it to be false. A modal logic is any logic for handling modalities: concepts like possibility, impossibility, and necessity. ...
See also Possibility theory is a mathematical theory for dealing with certain types of uncertainty and is an alternative to probability theory. ...
Possible Worlds is: Possible Worlds (play) a play by John Mighton Possible Worlds (poetry book) a book of poems by Peter Porter (poet) Possible Worlds (book) a book by J. B. S. Haldane This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...
A modal logic is any logic for handling modalities: concepts like possibility, impossibility, and necessity. ...
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