The London Charter of the International Military Tribunal (usually referred to simply as the London Charter) was the decree that set down the laws and procedures by which the Nuremberg trials were to be conducted. The Nuremberg Trials is the general name for two sets of trials of Nazis involved in World War II and the Holocaust. ...

The charter defined that only crimes of the European Axis could be tried. Three categories of crimes were defined: War crimes, Crimes against peace, and Crimes against humanity. The charter also stated that official position was no valid defense against War crimes. Obedience to orders could only be considered in mitigation of punishment if the Tribunal determined that justice so requires. A war crime is a punishable offense, under international (criminal) law, for violations of the law of war by any person or persons, military or civilian. ... A crime against peace, in international law, consists of illegally starting a war. ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Nuremberg Defense is a legal defense that essentially states that the defendant was was only following orders and is therefore not responsible for his crimes. ...

The criminal procedure used by the IMT was closer to civil law than to common law with a trial before a panel of judges rather than a jury trial and with wide allowance for hearsay evidence. Defendants who were found guilty could appeal the verdict to the Allied Control Council. In addition, they would be permitted to present evidence in their defense and to cross-examine witnesses. Criminal procedure refers to the legal process for adjudicating claims that someone has violated the criminal law. ... Civil law has at least three meanings. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ... A jury trial is a trial where a judge or judges are supplemented by a jury, made up of citizens who are usually randomly selected and are generally not justice professionals. ... Hearsay in its most general and oldest meaning is a term used in the law of evidence to describe an out of court statement offered to establish the facts asserted in that statement. ... This article is about the legal term. ... The Control Council headquarters The Allied Control Council or Allied Control Authority, known in German as the Alliierter Kontrollrat, was a military occupation governing body of Germany after the end of World War II in Europe; the members were the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union. ... In law, cross-examination is the interrogation of a witness called by ones opponent. ...

The Charter was developed in London, following the surrender in Germany on VE day. It was drafted by Robert H. Jackson, Robert Falco, and Iona Nikitchenko, and issued on August 8, 1945. Victory in Europe Day (V-E Day) was May 8, 1945, the date when the Allies during the Second World War formally celebrated the defeat of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitlers Reich. ... Justice Jackson Robert Houghwout Jackson (February 13, 1892 - October 9, 1954) was United States Attorney General (1940 - 1941) and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1941 - 1954). ... Categories: Stub | Nuremberg Trials ... The Nuremberg judges, left to right: John Parker, Francis Biddle, Alexander Volchkov, Iona Nikitchenko, Geoffrey Lawrence, Norman Birkett Major-General Iona Timofeevich Nikitchenko (Russian: Иона Тимофеевич Никитченко) (1895 - April 22, 1967) was a judge of the Soviet Union. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

See also

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London Charter of the International Military Tribunal

• Nuremberg Principles

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikisource is a sister project to Wikipedia that aims to create a free wiki library of primary source texts, and translations of source texts in any language. ... The Nuremberg Principles were a set of guidelines for determining what constitues a war crime. ...

External links

• Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 1 Charter of the International Military Tribunal contained in the Avalon Project archive at Yale Law School
• Judgement : The Law Relating to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity contained in the Avalon Project archive at Yale Law School, contains the stated expansion of customary law "the Convention Hague 1907 expressly stated that it was an attempt 'to revise the general laws and customs of war,' which it thus recognised to be then existing, but by 1939 these rules laid down in the Convention were recognised by all civilised nations, and were regarded as being declaratory of the laws and customs of war which are referred to in Article 6 (b) of the Charter."