LNER timetable for Autumn 1926 detailing the resumption of services after the General Strike.

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain. It existed from 1st January 1923 until nationalisation on 1st January 1948. It formed the new British Railways' Eastern Region, North Eastern Region and partially the Scottish Region. Image File history File links LNER_railway_timetable_North_Eastern_area_for_Autumn_1926. ... Image File history File links LNER_railway_timetable_North_Eastern_area_for_Autumn_1926. ... A timetable is an organized list or schedule, usually set out in tabular form, providing information about a series of arranged events: in particular, the time at which it is planned these events will take place. ... The Subsidised Mineowner - Poor Beggar! from the Trade Union Unity Magazine (1925) Foraging for coal in the strike Tyldesley miners outside the Miners Hall during the strike The UK General Strike of 1926 lasted nine days, from 3 May 1926 to 12 May 1926, and was called by the General... The Railways Act of 1921, also known as the Grouping Act, was an enactment by the British government of David Lloyd George intended to stem the losses being made by many of the countrys one hundred and twenty railway companies, move the railways away from internal competition, and to... (Redirected from 1st January) January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... (Redirected from 1st January) January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... British Railways (BR), later rebranded as British Rail, ran the British railway system, from the nationalisation of the Big Four British railway companies in 1948 until its privatisation in stages between 1994 and 1997. ...

Sir Ralph Wedgwood was the Chief Officer of the LNER for 16 years from its inauguration in 1923. Sir Ralph Lewis Wedgwood was the Chief Officer of the London & North Eastern Railway for 16 years from its inauguration in 1923. ...

Formation

The LNER was formed out of a number of constituent railway companies, the principal of which were: The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was formed out of a number of constituent railway companies at the grouping in 1923. ...

• Great Eastern Railway
• Great Central Railway
• Great Northern Railway
• Great North of Scotland Railway
• Hull and Barnsley Railway
• North British Railway
• North Eastern Railway

The total route mileage was 6590 miles (10,605 km). The North Eastern Railway owned the largest mileage: 1757 route miles (2828 km), as compared with the North British Railway (1378 miles or 2218 km) and the Hull and Barnsley Railway, at 106.5 miles (171 km). The Great Eastern Railway (GER) was formed in 1862 as an amalgamation of the Eastern Counties Railway; and also with several other smaller railways: Norfolk, the Eastern Union, the Newmarket, the Harwich, the East Anglian Light and the East Suffolk; among others. ... The Great Central Railway (GCR) was the latter day name of a railway company of the United Kingdom which earlier was known as the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway (MS&LR). ... The Great Northern Railway (GNR) was a British railway company, founded by the London & York Railway Act of 1846. ... The Great North of Scotland Railway (GNSR) received its Parliamentary approval on June 26, 1846, following over two years’ of local meetings. ... The Hull and Barnsley Railway (HBR) was opened on July 20, 1885. ... The North British Railway was a Scottish railway company that was absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the grouping in 1923. ... The North Eastern Railway (NER), unlike many other of the pre-Grouping companies, had a relatively compact territory, having the district it covered to itself. ...

The LNER also owned:

• 7700 locomotives; 20,000 coaching vehicles; 29,700 freight vehicles; 140 electric rolling stock and six electric locomotives; and 10 rail motor cars
• six turbine and 36 other steamers; as well as a number of river boats and lake steamers, etc
• docks and harbours in twenty locations, including the North East coast ports, some eastern Scottish ports, Harwich and London
• wharves, staithes, piers in similar places
• 23 hotels

In partnership with the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), the LNER was co-owner of the Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway, the UK's biggest joint railway system, much of which competed with the LNER's own lines. The M&GNJR was wholly incorporated into the LNER system in 1936. Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... (This article is about the town in England. ... For other uses, see London (disambiguation) and Defining London (below). ... The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS1) was a British railway company. ... A British railway company. ...

Geographic area

The LNER, as its name suggests, covered the arc of the country between North and East of London. It encompassed the East Coast Main Line from London to Edinburgh via York and Newcastle upon Tyne, as well as the routes from Edinburgh to Aberdeen and Inverness. Most of the country east of the Pennines was the LNER's purview, including the large, flat expanse of East Anglia. The LNER's main workshops were in Doncaster. For other uses, see London (disambiguation) and Defining London (below). ... The East Coast Main Line viaduct at Durham. ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... York is a city in northern England, at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss. ... This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the Scottish city. ... Inverness (Inbhir Nis in Scottish Gaelic) is the only city in the Scottish Highlands. ... Typical Pennine scenery. ... Norfolk and Suffolk, the core area of East Anglia. ... Map sources for Doncaster at grid reference SE5702 Doncaster is a town in South Yorkshire, (and in the former West Riding of Yorkshire), England. ...

Liveries

The LNER used a number of paint colours on its trains. Most common, though, were lined apple green on its passenger locomotives (much lighter and brighter than the green used by the Great Western Railway) and unlined black on freight locomotives, both with gold lettering. Passenger carriages were often left in a varnished wood finish; often, teak veneer was used. The original Bristol Temple Meads station, first terminus of the GWR, is the building to the left of this picture The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company, linking South West England, the West Country and South Wales with London. ... Species Tectona grandis Tectona hamiltoniana Tectona philippinensis Teak (Tectona), also called jati is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the family Verbenaceae, native to the south and southeast of Asia, and is commonly found as a component of monsoon forest vegetation. ...

Some special trains and their A4 Pacific locomotives were painted otherwise, including silver and blue.

Advertising

The LNER covered quite an extensive area of Britain, running trains from London to the north east of England and Scotland. The enforced re-grouping of the railway companies in 1923 meant that within the LNER former rivals, spread across England and Scotland, had to work together. The task of creating an instantly recognisable public image for the LNER went to William M. Teasdale, their first advertising manager. Teasdale was influenced by the philosophies and policies of Frank Pick, who controlled the style and content of the London Underground's widely acclaimed poster advertising campaign. Teasdale did not confine his artists within strict guidelines but allowed them an entirely free hand. When Teasdale was promoted to Assistant General Manager of the LNER, this philosphy was carried on by Charles Dandridge who succeeded him and was the LNER's Advertising Manager until Nationalisation in 1948. Frank Pick (23 November 1878 - 7 November 1941) was Managing Director of the Underground Group from 1928 and Chief Executive of the London Passenger Transport Board from its creation in 1933 until 1940. ...

The LNER was a very industrial company; hauling more than one-third of Britain's coal, it derived two thirds of its income from freight services. Despite this, the main image that the LNER presented of itself was one of glamour, of fast trains and sophisticated destinations. The LNER's advertising campaign was highly sophisticated and advanced compared to those of its rivals. Teasdale and Dandridge commissioned top graphic designers and poster artists such as Tom Purvis to promote the LNER's services and encourage the public to visit the holiday destinations of the east coast during the summer. Tom Purvis RDI 1888-1957 Tom Purvis (12 June 1888 - 27 August 1957) was a British painter and commercial poster artist. ...

Chief mechanical engineers

The public face of a railway system was and is in large part the locomotives and rolling stock in service upon it, and therefore the personalities of the Chief Mechanical Engineers of the LNER impressed their distinctive visions upon the railway. There were three CMEs of the LNER. A locomotive (from lat. ... Rolling Stock. ...

Sir Nigel Gresley

Sir Nigel Gresley was the first CME and held the post for the greatest proportion of the LNER's life, and thus he had the greatest effect on the company. He came to the LNER via the Great Northern Railway, where he also held the post of CME. He was noted for his "Big Engine" policy, and is best remembered for his large express passenger locomotives, many times the holder of the world speed record for steam locomotives. LNER Class A4 4-6-2 Pacific locomotive Mallard holds the record to this day. Gresley died in office in 1941. Sir Herbert Nigel Gresley (19 June 1876 – 5 April 1941) was one of Britains most famous Steam locomotive engineers who worked for the Great Northern Railway company from 1911 to 1922 as locomotive superintendent and for the London and North Eastern Railway company (LNER) from 1923 to 1941 as... The Great Northern Railway (GNR) was a British railway company, founded by the London & York Railway Act of 1846. ... 60034 Lord Farringdon at Aberdeen Ferryhill, 1965. ... A selection of early 20th century locomotive types according to their Whyte notation and their comparative size The Whyte notation for classifying steam locomotives by wheel arrangement was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte and came into use in the early 20th century. ... The Pennsylvania Railroads class K4s, a well known 4-6-2 type. ... Mallard at York Number 4468 Mallard is a London and North Eastern Railway Class A4 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotive built in the 1930s by the LNER and designed by Sir Nigel Gresley in England. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ...

Edward Thompson

Edward Thompson's short reign (1941-1946) was a controversial one. A noted detractor of Gresley even before his ascension to the post of CME, there are those who interpret many of his actions as being motivated by dislike of his predecessor. Against this it must be said that Gresley's designs had their flaws as well as their brilliance. His record is best served by his solid and dependable freight and mixed-traffic locomotives built under and for wartime conditions. He retired in 1946. Edward Thompson (1881-1954) was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London and North Eastern Railway between 1941 and 1946. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

Arthur H. Peppercorn

Peppercorn's career was cut short by nationalisation and he only served 18 months in the position of CME. In this short period and in an atmosphere of reconstruction rather than great new endeavors, his only notable designs were his A1 and A2 Pacific express passenger locomotives, most of which were completed after nationalisation. Peppercorn was a student and admirer of Gresley and his locomotives combined the classic lines of Gresley's with the reliability and solidity Gresley's locomotives never quite achieved.

After the Second world war

The company was nationalised in 1948 under the Transport Act 1947 and became part of British Railways, in part so that the severe war damage in the big, inner city stations could be repaired more swiftly. 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... The Transport Act, 1947 was part of the nationalisation agenda of Clement Attlees Labour government. ... British Railways (BR), later rebranded as British Rail, ran the British railway system, from the nationalisation of the Big Four British railway companies in 1948 until its privatisation in stages between 1994 and 1997. ...

See also

• Locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway
• List of constituents of the London and North Eastern Railway

The London and North Eastern Railway produced the most iconic locomotive of its day, 4468 Mallard, the holder of the world steam locomotive speed record. ... The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) was formed out of a number of constituent railway companies at the grouping in 1923. ...