Longifolene is the common (or trivial) chemical name of a naturally-occurring, oily liquid hydrocarbon found primarily in the high-boiling fraction of certain pine resins. The name is derived from that of a pine species from which the compound was isolated, Pinus longifolia. // Definition In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is any chemical compound that consists only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). ...
Chemically, longifolene is a tricyclic sesquiterpene with the formula C15H24. Its formal name (IUPAC nomenclature) is (1R,2S,7S,9S)-3,3,7-trimethyl-8-methylenetricyclo-[5.4.0.02,9]undecane.
Resin as produced by most plants is a viscous liquid, typically composed mainly of volatile fluid terpenes, with lesser components of dissolved non-volatile solids which make resin viscous and sticky.
The commonest terpenes in resin are the bicyclic terpenes alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, delta-3 carene and sabinene, the monocyclic terpenes limonene and terpinolene, and smaller amounts of the tricyclic sesquiterpenes longifolene, caryophyllene and delta-cadinene.
The individual components of resin can be separated by fractional distillation.
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