Longitudinal studies form a class of research methods that involve observations of the same items over a longer time. Many longitudinal studies are medical and relate to the effects of lifestyle. The opposite of these are cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies can be utilized to enhance the understanding of a community, region, society, culture, or other unit(s). An example of a study that employed the logitudinal method is the Gwembe District in Zambia. In this study four villages, in completely different areas, were studied for five decades. Censuses were taken to provide data on the population, economy, kinship, and religious behavior. Those people who moved within the time of the study were tracked and subsequently interviewed to see how their lives had been impacted by the change. Research is an active, diligent, and systematic process of inquiry in order to discover, interpret and/or revise facts. ... Cross-sectional studies form a class of research methods that involve observation of some subset of a population of items all at the same time. ...
Current longitudinal studies include:
Dunedin Longitudinal Study 1037 children born in Dunedin, New Zealand between 1 April 1972 and 31 March 1973
Citation: Windows on Humanity by Conrad Phillip KOTTAK. Chapter 2, page 42. The Dunedin Longitunal Study is a study based in Dunedin, New Zealand. ... The Framingham Heart Study is a cardiovascular study based in Framingham, Massachusetts. ...
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurses'_Health_Study - "Nurses' Health Study" (abrev: NHS), Boston.
Belanger CF, Hennekens CH, Rosner B, Speizer FE: The Nurses' Health Study. Am J Nurs 1978;78:1039-40. (First Publication Abstract (MEDLINE).
The ONS LongitudinalStudy of England and Wales, Scottish LongitudinalStudy and Northern Ireland LongitudinalStudy are examples of the second kind.
Longitudinalstudies are useful for studying individual-level change over time, in contrast to cross-sectional datasets (such as the census itself), which provide a snapshot of a population at a single point in time (or at repeated intervals, as in a time series).
English LongitudinalStudy of Ageing, the first study in the UK to connect the full range of topics necessary to understand the economic, social, psychological and health elements of the ageing process.
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