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Encyclopedia > Lord Gambier

Admiral John James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier RN (13 October 1756 New Providence, Bahamas – 19 April 1833 Iver, England), English admiral, was born in the Bahamas, while his father John Gambier was Lieutenant Governor of the Bahamas. He entered the navy list in 1767 as a midshipman on board the Yarmouth, commanded by his uncle, and family interests gained him rapid promotion. Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore the Senior Service). ... October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1756 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... (This article is about the island in the Bahamas. ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Iver is located in the south-east corner of the county of Buckinghamshire and it forms one of the largest parishes in the South Bucks district. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A Lieutenant Governor is a government official who is the subordinate or deputy of a Governor or Governor-General. ...


Governor of Newfoundland 1802 - 1804 Newfoundland —   (stress on final syllable; for mispronunciations, see Newfoundland travel guide from Wikitravel)— (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... --69. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...


In 1807, he took part in the Battle of Copenhagen (1807). 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants United Kingdom Denmark-Norway Commanders James Gambier Peymann Strength Casualties The Second Battle of Copenhagen, which lasted from 16 August to 5 September 1807, was, like the First Battle of Copenhagen, an unprovoked attack by the British on the Danish capital of Copenhagen. ...


In 1809, he threw away destruction of the French Fleet in the Battle of the Basque Roads in one of the Royal Navy's biggest embarrassments--but also one of its most cherished victories. 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Battle of the Basque Roads was a naval battle of the Peninsular War during the Napoleonic Wars. ...


In 1813 he was part of the team negotiating The Treaty of Ghent between the UK and U.S.. 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Signing of the Treaty of Ghent The Treaty of Ghent, signed on December 24, 1814, in Ghent, Flanders (Belgium), United Kingdom of the Netherlands, ended the War of 1812 between the United States and United Kingdom. ... United States is the current Good Article Collaboration of the week! Please help to improve this article to the highest of standards. ...


Became Lord Gambier of Iver 9 November 1807. November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

Contents

Titles And Promotions

By the age of 22, Gambier was promoted to Post-Captain and appointed to the 32-gun frigate HMS Raleigh, in 1778. In 1783 when peace broke out, he was placed on half-pay, but when the French Revolution broke out in 1789 he was appointed to command the 74-gun HMS Defence under Lord Howe, and by 1795 was a rear-admiral. HMS Raleigh is a ship name used by the Royal Navy. ... HMS Defence was a 3rd rate ship of the line of 74 guns, built in 1763 for the Royal Navy. ...


More promotions ensued. In 1794, Captain Gambier received the gold medal and was appointed Colonel of the Marines; 1795, promoted to rear-admiral; 1795, appointed as one of the Lords of the Admiralty; 1799, vice-admiral; 1801, commander of the 98-gun Neptune and third-in-command of the Channel Fleet under Admiral Cornwallis; 1802, governor of Newfoundland and Commander In Chief of all ships appointed there. 1804, back to the Lords of the Admiralty, 1805 promoted to Admiral, 1807 still a Lord of the Admiralty but also saw action in the Battle of Copenhagen, where with Lore Cathcart, captured the Danish navy, including stores on land, for which he received official thanks from Parliament and a Peerage. HMS Neptune (1797 at Deptford) was a 98-gun 2nd rate ship of the line which fought at the Battle of Trafalgar. ...


Notoriety And Disaster

In 1808 Gambier gave up his Admiralty seat to take command of the Channel Fleet, and as commander of that fleet, he prevented one of England's most prominent and capable sea commander from utterly destroying the French Fleet in the Napoleonic Wars.


Gambier is best-known for his role in preventing Lord Cochrane in the Battle of the Basque Roads from completely smashing the French Fleet to splinters. Gambier refused to commit the Channel Fleet to shelling the French after Cochrane had driven the entire fleet--excepting two ships--aground at Rochefort. Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald (14 December 1775–31 October 1860), styled Lord Cochrane between 1778 and 1831, was a politician and naval adventurer. ... The Battle of the Basque Roads was a naval battle of the Peninsular War during the Napoleonic Wars. ...


Both Lords Gambier and Cochrane were members of Parliament, and Cochrane strongly opposed Gambier's acts in not finishing off the French Fleet after Cochrane drove them ashore. Cochrane's accusations were severe enough that Gambier demanded--and got--a court-martial for himself, to clear his name. Gambier's "old-boy" stature was enough that he was acquitted.


Modern scholars typically now acknowledge that Gambier prevented Cochrane from achieving a critically important naval victory, and also point out that while Gambier possessed principle and courage, his administration of the Admiralty was also one of the most scandal-ridden known.


He was a founding benefactor of Kenyon College in the United States, so the town that was founded with it, Gambier, Ohio is named after him.[1] Kenyon College is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, founded in 1824 by Bishop Philander Chase of the The Episcopal Church, in parallel with the Bexley Hall seminary. ... Gambier is a village located in Knox County, Ohio. ...


See also

This is a list of viceroys for the colony, dominion and province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... List of people of the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. ...

External links

References

  • This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
  1. ^ Biography of Philander Chase at Kenyon College website. Retrieved on October 3, 2006.
Political Offices
Preceded by:
Sir Charles Morice Pole		 Commodore Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador
1802–1804		 Succeeded by:
Sir Erasmus Gower
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by:
New creation		 Baron Gambier
1807–1833		 Succeeded by:
Extinct


Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... Sir Charles Morice Pole (January 18, 1757 – September 6, 1830) naval officer and colonial governor born England and died Denham Abbey, Hertfordshire , England. ... This is a list of viceroys for the colony, dominion and province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... --69. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Sir Erasmus Gower (December 3, 1742 – June 21, 1814) naval officer and colonial governor born Cilgerren, Wales and died Hambledon, Hampshire, England. ... The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801. ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Governors of Newfoundland and Labrador

Lieutenant-Governors (1949-present)
Walsh | Outerbridge | Macpherson | O'Dea | Harnum | Winter | Paddon | McGrath | Russell | House | Roberts Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Lieutenant-Governor_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador. ... This is a list of viceroys for the colony, dominion and province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador. ... Sir Albert Joseph Walsh (April 3, 1900 – December 12, 1958), commissioner, chief justice and the Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland for 1949, the first Lieutenant Governor for Newfoundland after confederation with Canada. ... Sir Leonard Cecil Outerbridge CC (May 6, 1888 – September 6, 1986) was the Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland from 1949 to 1957. ... Campbell Leonard Macpherson (July 4, 1907 – June 28, 1973) businessman born St. ... Fabian A. ODea (January 20, 1918 – December 12, 2004) lawyer, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. ... The Honourable Ewart John Arlington Harnum (1910 – ) a Canadian businessman and Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from 1969-1974. ... The Honourable Gordon Arnaud Winter (October 6, 1912 – August 1, 2003) was the Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from 1974 to 1981. ... The Honourable William Anthony Tony Paddon (July 10, 1914 – January 5, 1995) was a Canadian physician and Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from 1981-1986. ... The Honourable James Aloysius McGrath (born January 11, 1932) is a former politician and lieutenant-governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. ... The Honourable Frederick William Russell, OC , CD , LL.D (September 10, 1923 - June 20, 2001) was a Canadian businessman and former Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... The Honourable Arthur Maxwell House (born August 10, 1926) is a Canadian neurologist and a former Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... His Honour the Honourable Edward Moxon Roberts (born September 1, 1940) is a Canadian politician and Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador. ...


Commission Governors (1934-1949)
Anderson | Walwyn | MacDonald Sir David Murray Anderson (1874-1936) was born in England and served as a naval officer rising to admiral in 1931 before retiring from the Royal Navy. ... Sir Humphrey Thomas Walwyn (January 25, 1879 - December 29, 1957) served most of his life in the Royal Navy rising to the position of Vice-Admiral of the Royal Indian Navy retiring in 1934. ... Gordon Macdonald, 1st Baron Macdonald of Gwaenysgor (1885–1966) was a British politician and Newfoundlands final British governor as well as the last chairman of the Commission of Government serving from 1946 until the colony joined confederation in 1949 and became a province of Canada. ...


Dominion Governors (1907-1934)
MacGregor | Williams | Davidson | Harris | Allardyce | Middleton | Anderson Sir William MacGregor (20 October 1846 – 3 July 1919). ... Sir Ralph Champneys Williams (March 9, 1848 – June 22, 1927) colonial governor born Anglesey, Wales and died London, England. ... Sir Walter Edward Davidson (April 20, 1859 – September 15, 1923) colonial governor born Killyleagh, County Down, Ireland and died Sydney, Australia. ... Sir Charles Alexander Harris (June 28, 1855 – March 26, 1947) governor of Newfoundland from 1917 to 1922 was born Wrexham, Wales. ... Sir William Lamond Allardyce (1861-1930) was a career British civil servant in the Colonial Office who served as governor of Fiji (1901-1902), the Falkland Islands (1904-1914), Bahamas (1914-1920), Tasmania (1920-1922), and Newfoundland (1922-1928). ... This article is about Sir John Middleton, a British colonial administrator. ... Sir David Murray Anderson (1874-1936) was born in England and served as a naval officer rising to admiral in 1931 before retiring from the Royal Navy. ...


Colonial Governors (1855-1907)
Darling | Bannerman | Musgrave | Hill | Glover | Maxse | Glover | Des Vœux | Blake | O'Brien | Murray | McCallum | Boyle | MacGregor Sir Charles Henry Darling (February 19, 1809 – 1870) colonial governor born Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia and died Cheltenham, England. ... Sir Alexander Bannerman (1788 - 1864) was a merchant, vintner and colonial governor. ... Sir Anthony Musgrave, ca. ... Sir Stephen John Hill (June 10, 1809 – 1876) colonial governor born West Indies and died London, England. ... Sir John Hawley Glover (24 February 1829 – September 30, 1885), captain in the British navy, entered the service in 1841 and passed his examination as lieutenant in 1849, but did not receive a commission till May 1851. ... Sir Henry Berkeley Fitzhardinge Maxse (1832 – September 10, 1883) colonial governor born Effingham Hill, England and died St. ... Sir John Hawley Glover (24 February 1829 – September 30, 1885), captain in the British navy, entered the service in 1841 and passed his examination as lieutenant in 1849, but did not receive a commission till May 1851. ... Sir George Des Voeux Sir George William Des Voeux, GCMG (Chinese Translated Name å¾·è¼”) (22 September 1834 - 15 December 1909) was a British colonial governor who served as Governor of Fiji (1880-1885), Newfoundland and Labrador (1886-1887), and Hong Kong (1887-1891). ... Sir Henry Arthur Blake (1840 - 1918)was born in Limerick, Ireland on January 8, 1840. ... Sir John Terence Nicholls OBrien (April 23, 1830 – February 28, 1903) surveyor, engineer and colonial governor born Guernsey, England and died London, England. ... Sir Herbert Harley Murray (November 4, 1829 – March 22, 1904) colonial governor born Bromley, England and died in England. ... Sir Henry Edward McCallum (October 28, 1852 – November 24, 1919) colonial governor born Yeovil, Somersetshire, England and died in England. ... Sir Charles Cavendish Boyle (29 May 1849 – 7 September 1916) was a British colonial administrator. ... Sir William MacGregor (20 October 1846 – 3 July 1919). ...


Civil Governors (1825-1855)
Cochrane | Prescott | Harvey | Law | LeMerchant | Hamilton Sir Thomas John Cochrane (February 5, 1789 – 1872) naval officer and colonial governor born London, England and died England. ... Henry Prescott (May 4, 1783 – November 18, 1874) colonial governor born Kev, England and died London, England. ... Sir John Harvey (April 23, 1778 – March 22, 1852) was a British army officer and a Lieutenant Governor. ... Robert A. Law (c. ... Sir John Gaspar LeMarchant (1803 – 1874) army officer and governor of Newfoundland, Canada from 1847 to 1852. ... Ker Baillie Hamilton (July 4, 1804 – February 6, 1889) colonial governor born Cleveland, England and died Tunbridge Wells, England. ...


Commodore-Governors (1729-1825)
Osborn | Clinton | Falkingham | Muskerry | Lee | Vanbrugh | Medley | Smith | Byng | Smith | Hardy | Edwards | Douglas | Watson | Rodney | Drake | Bonfoy | Dorrill | Edwards | Webb | Graves | Palliser | Byron | Shuldham | Duff | Montagu | Edwards | Campbell | Elliott | Milbanke | King | Wallace | Waldegrave | Pole | Gambier | Gower | Holloway | Duckworth | Keats | Pickmore | Hamilton Henry Osborn (baptized August 27, 1694 – February 4, 1771) naval officer and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland, born England died London, England. ... George Clinton (c. ... Commodore-Governor Edward Falkingham (b. ... Robert McCarthy, Viscount Muskerry and Cork and the Earl of Clancarty (1698 – September, 1769) naval officer and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland, born Ireland and died in Boulogne. ... Fitzroy Henry Lee (c. ... Philip VanBrugh (? – 1753) naval officer and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland, born England. ... Henry Medley (? – August 5, 1747) naval officer and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland, died on board the Russell at Vado. ... Thomas Smith (? - 1762) was a British admiral and colonial governor. ... Portrait of John Byng by Thomas Hudson, 1749 John Byng (October 29, 1704 – March 14, 1757) was an English Admiral who was court-martialled and executed for failing to do his utmost during the Battle of Minorca, at the beginning of the Seven Years War. ... Thomas Smith (? - 1762) was a British admiral and colonial governor. ... Sir Charles Hardy (c. ... Richard Edwards (? – 1773) naval officer and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland, died England. ... Sir James Douglas, 1st Baronet (1703 – 2 November 1787) naval officer and Commodore of Newfoundland, born England. ... Charles Watson (1714 – August 16, 1757) naval officer and colonial governor of Newfoundland, Canada, died at Calcutta, India. ... Admiral Lord George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, 1719-1792 by Jean-Laurent Mosnier, painted 1791 George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney Bt (February 1718 – May 24, 1792) – British naval officer. ... Francis William Drake (baptized August 22, 1724 – December 18, 1787) born in Buckland Monocharum, Devon the third son of Anne Heathcote and Sir Francis Henry Drake, a descendant of Sir Francis Drake. ... Hugh Bonfoy (c. ... Richard Dorill (c. ... Richard Edwards (c. ... James Webb (? – May 14, 1761) naval officer and colonial governor of Newfoundland, Canada, born England and died Plymouth Sound, England. ... Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves (ca. ... Sir Hugh Palliser (22 February 1722 or 1723 – 19 March 1796) was a British naval officer and the Governor of Newfoundland (a Commodore-Governor) from 1764 – 1768. ... John Byron (November 8, 1723 – April 10, 1786) was a British vice-admiral. ... Molyneux Shuldham (c. ... Robert Duff (? – June 6, 1787) naval officer and colonial governor of Newfoundland, Canada, born England and died Queensferry, England. ... John Montagu (1719 – 1795) naval officer and colonial governor of Newfoundland, Canada born Lackham, England and died Fareham, Hampshire, England. ... Richard Edwards (c. ... John Campbell (c. ... John Elliott (? – September 20, 1808) naval officer and colonial governor born Scotland and died Roxburgshire, Mouth Teviot. ... Sir Mark Milbanke (April 12, 1724 – June 9, 1805) naval officer and colonial governor born Halnaby Hall, England and died London, England. ... Sir Richard King, 1st Baronet (August 10, 1730 – November 7, 1806) naval officer and colonial governor born Gosport and died England. ... Sir James Wallace (1731 – January 6, 1803) naval officer and colonial governor born England and died London, England. ... William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, G.C.B. (July 9, 1753 - August 20, 1825) was the Governor of Newfoundland and an Admiral in the Royal Navy. ... Sir Erasmus Gower (December 3, 1742 – June 21, 1814) naval officer and colonial governor born Cilgerren, Wales and died Hambledon, Hampshire, England. ... John Holloway (15 January 1744 – 26 June 1826), Governor (1807-1809), was born on January 15, 1744 at Wells, Somerset, England. ... Sir John Duckworth Vice-Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth (9 February 1747 or 1748 – 31 August 1817) was a British naval officer of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. ... Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Goodwin Keats (16 January 1757 – 5 April 1834) Governor of Newfoundland, born Chalton, Hampshire. ... Francis Pickmore (c. ... Sir Charles Hamilton (May 25, 1767 – September 14, 1849) was a British naval officer and governor of Newfoundland. ...


French Gouverneurs (1655-1713)
de Kéréon | Gargot | du Perron | dit Lafontaine | Palme | Pioppe | Parat | de Costebelle | de Brouillan | de Monic | de Subercase | de Costebelle Louis de Pastour de Costebelle (b. ... Jacques-François de Mombeton de Brouillan (born 1651, Gascony – died September 22, 1705 at Chedabouctou, Nova Scotia) military officer and Governor of Plaisance (Placentia), Newfoundland. ... Joseph de Monic (c. ... Daniel dAuger de Subercase (February 12, 1661 – November 20, 1732) naval officer and Governor of Newfoundland, Canada, born Orthez, Béarn died Cannes. ... Philippe de Pastour de Costebelle (c. ...


Proprietary Governors (1610-1728)
Guy | Mason | Hayman | Whitbourne | Tanfield | Wynne | Aston | Baltimore | Calvert | Hill | Kirke | Treworgie John Gay (d. ... Captain John Mason (1586–1635) was born in Norfolk. ... Robert Hayman (1575-1629) was a poet, colonist and Proprietary Governor of Bristols Hope colony in Newfoundland. ... Sir Richard Whitbourne (1579-1628) was an English colonist, author and mariner. ... Francis Tanfield (born 1565) was Proprietary Governor of the South Falkland colony of Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland, his cousins husband. ... Edward Wynne was Proprietary Governor of Ferryland colony from 1621 to 1626. ... Sir Arthur Aston (died 1627) was appointed Proprietary Governor of Avalon in 1625 by Sir George Calvert. ... The Lord Baltimore. ... The Lord Baltimore Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (August 8, 1605 – November 30, 1675), inherited the grant by Charles I of England of the new colony of Maryland on the death of his father, the 1st Baron Baltimore in 1632. ... William Hill was the Proprietary Governor of the Province of Avalon in Newfoundland from 1634 to 1638. ... Sir David Kirke (ca. ... John Treworgie (born ca. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
James Gambier, Baron Gambier - LoveToKnow 1911 (519 words)
JAMES GAMBIER GAMBIER, Baron (1756-1833), English admiral, was born on the 13th of October 1756 at the Bahamas, of which his father, John Gambier, was at that time lieutenantgovernor.
In recognition of his services on this occasion, Captain Gambier received the gold medal, and was made a colonel of marines; the following year he was advanced to the rank of rear-admiral, and appointed one of the lords of the admiralty.
The life of Lord Gambier is to be read in Marshall's Royal Naval Biography, in Ralfe's Naval Biography, in Lord Dundonald's Autobiography of a Seaman, in the Minutes of the Courts-Martial and in the general history of the period.
C I T Y O F M O U N T G A M B I E R (405 words)
Mount Gambier the 'Blue Lake City' is South Australia's second largest City, located midway between the major capital cities of Melbourne and Adelaide, set amidst a unique and ancient landscape of volcanic craters, lakes, caves and mysterious underground aquifers.
Mount Gambier was sighted and named, in honour of Lord James Gambier, Admiral of the Fleet, by Lieutenant James Grant in December 1800 whilst on a survey voyage in the Brig, HMS Lady Nelson.
Mount Gambier boasts all the amenities of a progressive and vibrant City and is ideally located to attract visitors from the Great Ocean Road, the Grampians, the nearby coastline and beaches or the Coorong who are keen to experience the natural and cultural beauty of the Mount Gambier region.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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