Lord of Biscay (Basque: Bizkaiko Jauna, Spanish: Señor de Vizcaya) is a historical title of the head of state of the autonomous territory of Biscay, Basque Country. The Basque people are an indigenous people inhabiting both Spain and France. ... The Duchy of Cantabria was a march created by the Visigoths in northern Spain to watch their border with the Cantabrians and Basques. ... Duchy of Vasconia (red) in time of Eudes the Great (early 8th century) The Duchy of Vasconia (also Wasconia, later Gascony) was a Duchy formed in the 7th century that included the former Roman province of Novempopulania and, at least in some periods, also the Basque lands south of the... The County of Vasconia was a small medieval realm segregated c. ... Combatants Franks Basques Commanders Charlemagne Roland†, Eginhard, Anselmus Unknown (speculated: Duke Lop of Vasconia) Strength Major army Unknown (guerrilla party) Casualties Massacre of the Frankish rearguard but safety for the main force Unknown The Roncevaux Pass (French and English spelling, Roncesvalles in Spanish, Orreaga in Basque) is the site of... The Kingdom of Navarre (Basque: Nafarroako Erresuma) was a European state which occupied lands on either side of the Pyrenees alongside the Atlantic Ocean. ... The Banu Qasi were a Muslim dynastic family that ruled the region of the Ebro Valley in Spain. ... Francisco de Goyas Sabbat (19th century). ... The Carlist Wars in Spain were the last major European civil wars in which pretenders fought to establish their claim to a throne. ... The Gernika oak is a symbol of Basque freedoms. ... For other uses, see ETA (disambiguation). ... Gascony (French: Gascogne, pronounced  ; Gascon: Gasconha, pronounced ) is an area of southwest France that constituted a royal province prior to the French Revolution. ... Coat of Arms of the Kings of Navarre since 1212. ... Álava province Álava (Basque: Araba) is a province of northern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... Fuero (Spanish) is a Spanish legal term and concept. ... Languages Basque - few monoglots Spanish - 1,525,000 monoglots French - 150,000 monoglots Basque-Spanish - 600,000 speakers Basque-French - 76,000 speakers [4] other native languages Religions Traditionally Roman Catholic The Basques (Basque: ) are an indigenous people[5] who inhabit parts of northeastern Spain and southwestern France. ... Location of the Basque Country The Basque Country divided in seven provinces Capital Pamplona Official languages Basque, French, Spanish Demonym Basque Currency Euro The real Basque-speaking zones This article is about the overall Basque domain. ... Basque (native name: euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ... Biscay (Basque Bizkaia, Spanish: Vizcaya) is a province of northern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... Pays Basque) see Northern Basque Country. ...

History

Biscay was definitively annexed to Castile in 1200, together with the other western Basque provinces of Araba and Gipuzkoa. Prior to that date it had belonged to the Kingdom of Pamplona (later known as Navarre) with the exception of a period of several decades in the 12th century, when Pamplona had been partitioned between Castile and Aragon. Coat of arms Kingdom of Castile in the 15th century. ... Events University of Paris receives charter from Philip II of France The Kanem-Bornu Empire was established in northern Africa around the year 1200 Mongol victory over Northern China — 30,000,000 killed Births Al-Abhari, Persian philosopher and mathematician (died 1265) Ulrich von Liechtenstein, German nobleman and poet (died... Álava (Basque Araba, Spanish Álava) is a Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ... Guipuscoa province. ... The Kingdom of Navarre traditionally evolved from the county of Pamplona, its traditional capital, when the Basque leader Eneko Aritza (Iñigo Arista in Spanish) was chosen King in Pamplona, traditionally in 824, and led a local revolt against the Franks. ... Capital Pamplona Official language(s) Spanish and Basque Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 11th  10,391 km²  2. ... Capital Zaragoza Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 4th  47,719 km²  9. ...

It is unclear when the Lordship was created but, in any case, it was done by the Castilian conquerors who attributed this territory to the House of Haro, a family of landlords of La Rioja that had favored the Castilian interests in the conflicts with Pamplona/Navarre. Haro may refer to: the Haro River of Pakistan a city in Spain, see Haro Haro (anime) Haro Bikes This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Capital Logroño Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 16th  5 045 km²  1,0% Population  â€“ Total (2005)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked 17th   301 084  0,7%  59,68/km² Demonym  â€“ English  â€“ Spanish  â€”  riojano/a Statute of Autonomy June 9, 1982 Parliament  â€“ Congress seats  â€“ Senate seats  4  1 President Pedro Sanz...

The Lords had limited powers and had, like the Navarrese monarchs before them, to give oath at Gernika of respecting the fuero (Basque: forua) when inheriting the honor. Flag of Gernika-Lumo. ... Fuero (Spanish) is a Spanish legal term and concept. ...

After the Lordship was inherited by the Castilian dynasty in 1370, the Kings of Castile and later Spain still have to give oath in equal manner, even after the fuero was restricted in the 19th century^{[citation needed]}. This is a list of kings and queens of Castile. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

List of Lords of Biscay

Mythical

• Jaun Zuria (the White Lord): supposedly born from the union of god Sugaar and a Scottish princess in the village of Mundaka.

Jaun Zuria (The White Lord) is the mythical first Lord of Biscay. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject to understand later content. ... Mundaka is a town located in the province of Bizkaia, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the North of Spain. ...

Claimed as such but before consolidated Castilian control (dubious)

• Iñigo (Eneko) López (1043-78)
• Lope Iñíguez (1078-93)
• Diego López de Haro I (1120-24)
• Ladrón Íñiguez (c. 1134)
• Diego Vela (Bela) (c. 1140)

After Castilian definitive control

(the ordinals refer to their own claims)

• Diego López de Haro II (1200-14, claimed since 1179)
• Lope Díaz de Haro II (1214-36)
• Diego López de Haro III (1236-54)
• Lope Díaz de Haro III (1254-88)
• Diego López de Haro IV (1288-89)
• Sancho IV of Castile (1289-95)
• Diego López de Haro V (1295-1310), founder of Bilbao
• María Díaz de Haro I (1310-1322)
• Juan de Haro (1322-26)
• María Díaz de Haro II (I in some accounts) (1326-34)
• Alfonso X of Castile (1334)
• María Díaz de Haro III (or II) (1334-49)
• Juan Núñez de Lara IV (1334-50)
• Nuño de Lara (1350-52)
• Pedro of Castile (1352-66)
• Tello (Teilo) (1366-70)

After 1370, the Lords of Biscay have been the Kings of Castile and, later, Spain. The rival Carlist dynasty of pretenders to the Spanish throne took the oath but were not recognized as kings by most of Spain. The periods without a Lord were the Second Spanish Republic and the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, when the fuero of Biscay was abolished. Statue of Sancho IV of Castile and León Sancho IV the Brave (1257/58 – April 25, 1295) was a king of Castile and León (1284 - 1295). ... La Muy Noble y Muy Leal e Invicta (The most noble and most loyal and undefeated) Location Location of Bilbao in Spain and Biscay Coordinates : 43,15° n. ... Alfonso X and his court. ... Pedro of Castile (1290, Valladolid – 1319), Infante of Castile and Lord of Los Cameros, was the son of Sancho IV of Castile and his wife Maria de Molina. ... This is a list of kings and queens of Castile. ... Carlism was a conservative political movement in Spain, purporting to establish an alternative branch of the Bourbons in the Spanish throne. ... Anthem El Himno de Riego Capital Madrid Language(s) Spanish Government Republic President  - 1931–1936 Niceto Alcalá-Zamora  - 1936–1939 Manuel Azaña Legislature Congress of Deputies Historical era Interwar period  - Monarchy abolished April 14, 1931  - Spanish Civil War 1936–1939  - Surrender to Franco April 1, 1939 Currency Spanish peseta... The Spanish Civil War officially ended on 1 April 1939, the day Francisco Franco announced the end of hostilities. ...

The current Lord of Biscay is the Spanish King Juan Carlos I. King Juan Carlos I His Majesty King Juan Carlos I (Juan Carlos Alfonso Víctor María de Borbón y Borbón), styled HM The King (born January 5, 1938), is the reigning King of Spain. ...

Bibliographical sources

• Historia de Navarra, el estado vasco, Mikel Sorauren, 1998.

External links

• Señores de Vizcaya