The Rt Hon The Earl Mountbatten of Burma
Viceroy of India
Preceded by	The Viscount Wavell
Succeeded by	Title extinguished on Independence of India and Pakistan
Governor General of India
Preceded by	First occupant of Office.
Succeeded by	C. Rajagopalachari
Born	25 June 1900(1900-06-25) Frogmore House, Windsor, Berkshire
Died	27 August 1979 (aged 79) Sligo Bay, County Sligo, Republic of Ireland
Spouse	Edwina Ashley
Children	Patricia, Pamela
Profession	Admiral of the Fleet
Religion	Anglican

Admiral of the Fleet Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas George Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, PC (25 June 1900–27 August 1979) was a British admiral and statesman and an uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. He was the last Viceroy and first Governor-General of independent India, and First Sea Lord, as was his father, Prince Louis of Battenberg. Mountbatten was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), who planted a bomb in his boat at Mullaghmore, County Sligo in the Republic of Ireland. Lord Louis This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. ... Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell (May 5, 1883 _ May 24, 1950) was a British General and the commander of British Army forces in the Middle East during World War II. He led British forces to victory over the Italians, only to be defeated by the German army. ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885–1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (Tamil: சக்ரவர்தி ராஜகோபாலாச்சாரி) (b. ... is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... Standing in Frogmore Gardens, about a kilometre south of Windsor Castle in Windsor Home Park, the original house was built in 1680-1684 by Charles IIs architect Hugh May for his nephew Thomas May. ... Windsor may refer to many places and other things. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Statistics Province: Connacht County Town: Sligo Code: SO Area: 1,837 km² Population (2006) 60,894[1] Website: www. ... Edwina and Louis Mountbatten, Earl and Countess Mountbatten of Burma Edwina Cynthia Annette Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma, CI, GBE, DCVO (28 November 1901–21 February 1960) was an English heiress, socialite, relief-worker and the wife of the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma. ... Patricia Edwina Victoria Mountbatten, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (born February 14, 1924) succeeded her father, the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, when he was assassinated in 1979. ... Born Lady Pamela Carmen Louise Mountbatten on 19 April 1929 in Barcelona, Spain, Lady Pamela Hicks is the daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and his wife Edwina Ashley. ... Royal Navy Insignia Shoulder board The flag of an Admiral of the Fleet is the Union Flag, and is in 1:2 rather than the 2:3 of other admirals flags. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... Royal Navy Insignia Shoulder board The flag of an Admiral of the Fleet is the Union Flag, and is in 1:2 rather than the 2:3 of other admirals flags. ... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. ... Insignia of a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India. ... The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Victoria in 1877. ... Queen Victoria founded the Royal Victorian Order. ... DSO medal The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other Commonwealth countries, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... For other uses, see Admiral (disambiguation). ... Statesman is a respectful term used to refer to politicians, and other notable figures of state. ... Prince Philip redirects here. ... A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. ... Category: ... Governor-General (or Governor General) is a term used both historically and currently to designate the appointed representative of a head of state or their government for a particular territory, historically in a colonial context, but no longer necessarily in that form. ... Sir Jonathon Band, the current First Sea Lord The First Sea Lord is the professional head of the Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service. ... Prince Louis of Battenberg Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, (24 May 1854 – 11 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a minor German prince who married into the British Royal Family and pursued a distinguished career in the Royal Navy, eventually serving as First Sea... This is an incomplete list of persons that were assassinated for political and other reasons, and who have individual entries. ... The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann) (IRA; also referred to as the PIRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the Army or the RA.[2]) is an Irish Republican, left wing[3] paramilitary organisation that, until the Belfast Agreement, sought to end Northern... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference G709576 Statistics Province: Connacht County: Elevation: ,1 m Population (2002) 137  Mullaghmore (Irish: ) is a village in County Sligo, Ireland. ...

Ancestry

Mountbatten was born in Frogmore House, Windsor, in England, as His Serene Highness Prince Louis of Battenberg, although his German styles and titles were dropped in 1917. He was the youngest child and the second son of Prince Louis of Battenberg and his wife Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine. His maternal grandparents were Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, who was a daughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. His paternal grandparents were Prince Alexander of Hesse and Princess Julia of Battenberg. His siblings were Princess Alice, (mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh), Queen Louise of Sweden, and George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven.^[1] Standing in Frogmore Gardens, about a kilometre south of Windsor Castle in Windsor Home Park, the original house was built in 1680-1684 by Charles IIs architect Hugh May for his nephew Thomas May. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This page will detail the various styles used by royalty and nobility in Europe, in the final form arrived at in the nineteenth century. ... Admiral of the Fleet Prince Louis of Battenberg, later Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven (24 May 1854-11 September 1921) was a minor German prince who married into the British Royal Family and pursued a distinguished career in the Royal Navy, eventually serving as First Sea Lord from... Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, later Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven (Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie) (5 April 1863-24 September 1950), was the eldest daughter of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837-1892) and his wife Princess Alice of the United Kingdom... Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine Louis IV (Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl) (12 September 1837 - 13 March 1892), was the fourth Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, reigning from 13 June 1877 until his death. ... Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary; later The Grand Duchess of Hesse; April 25, 1843 – December 14, 1878), was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (in full Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel), later The Prince Consort, (26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine Prince Alexander of Hesse GCB (15 July 1823 - 15 December 1888), was the third son and fourth child of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Wilhelmina of Baden. ... Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine with his wife, Julia von Hauke Julia von Hauke (November 12, 1825 (O.S.)/November 24, 1825 (N.S.)–September 19, 1895) was the wife of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (1823–1888), the mother of Alexander of Bulgaria, and ancestress to... Battenberg (Eder) is a town of 5000 inhabitants in Northern Hesse, Germany. ... Princess Alice of Battenberg Princess Alice of Battenberg, later Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark (25 February 1885 - 5 December 1969) was a great-granddaughter of the British Queen Victoria who married into the royal house of Greece. ... Prince Philip redirects here. ... Lady Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten (13 July 1889 – 7 March 1965), Queen Louise of Sweden (1950-65), was the second wife of King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden. ... The Most Honourable George Louis Victor Henry Serge Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven (December 6, 1892–April 8, 1938) was born the son of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven and Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine at Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany. ...

His father was First Sea Lord at the outbreak of the First World War, but the prevailing extreme anti-German feelings obliged him to resign. In 1917, when the Royal Family stopped using their German names and titles, Prince Louis of Battenberg became Louis Mountbatten, and was created Marquess of Milford Haven. His second son acquired the courtesy style Lord Louis Mountbatten and was known as Lord Louis informally until his death notwithstanding his being granted a viscountcy in recognition of his wartime service in the Far East and an earldom for his role in the transition of India from British dependency to sovereign state. In childhood he visited the Imperial Court of Russia at St Petersburg and became intimate with the doomed Imperial Family; in later life he was called upon authoritatively to rebut claims by pretenders to be the supposedly surviving Grand Duchess Anastasia. As a young man he had romantic feelings towards Anastasia's sister, the Grand Duchess Maria, and until the end of his own life he kept her photograph at his bedside. Sir Jonathon Band, the current First Sea Lord The First Sea Lord is the professional head of the Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Admiral of the Fleet Prince Louis of Battenberg, later Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven (24 May 1854-11 September 1921) was a minor German prince who married into the British Royal Family and pursued a distinguished career in the Royal Navy, eventually serving as First Sea Lord from... Mountbatten is the family name adopted by two branches of the Battenberg family due to rising anti-German sentiment among the British public during World War I. On 14 July 1917, Prince Louis of Battenberg assumed the surname Mountbatten (a literal translation of the German Battenberg) for himself and his... The title of Marquess of Milford Haven was created in 1917 for Prince Louis of Battenberg, the former First Sea Lord, and a relation to the British Royal family, who became Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven. ... A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used by children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. ... Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (Anastasia Nikolayevna Romanova, (Russian: , Velikaya Knyazhna Anastasiya Nikolayevna Romanova), (June 18 [O.S. June 5] 1901 — July 17, 1918), was the youngest daughter of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia, the last sovereign of Imperial Russia, and his wife Alexandra Fyodorovna. ... Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (Maria Nikolaevna Romanova) (In Russian Великая Княжна Мария Николаевна), (June 14 (O.S.)/June 26 (N.S.), 1899 – July 17, 1918) was the third daughter of Nicholas II of Russia and Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna. ...

After his nephew's change of name and engagement to the future Queen, he is alleged to have referred to the United Kingdom's dynasty as the future "House of Mountbatten", whereupon the Dowager Queen Mary reportedly refused to have anything to do with "that Battenberg nonsense", and the name of the Royal house remains Windsor by subsequent Royal decree - this can, however, be changed on the Monarch's wishes. Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was the Queen Consort of George V. Queen Mary was also the Empress of India. ...

Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse (14 June 1753, Prenzlau – 6 April 1830, Darmstadt) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (as Louis X) and later the first Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. ... Louis II (26 December 1777, Darmstadt – 16 June 1848, Darmstadt) was Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 1830 until his death. ... Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine Prince Alexander of Hesse GCB (15 July 1823 - 15 December 1888), was the third son and fourth child of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Wilhelmina of Baden. ... Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden (February 14, 1755 in Karlsruhe--December 16, 1801 in Arboga, Sweden) was heir-apparent of the Margraviate of Baden. ... Princess Wilhelmina of Baden Wilhelmine of Baden (September 21, 1788 – January 27, 1836) was Grand Duchess of Hesse and the Rhine. ... Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (June 20, 1754, Prenzlau - June 21, 1832, Bruchsal) was the daughter of Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. ... Admiral of the Fleet Prince Louis of Battenberg, later Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven (24 May 1854-11 September 1921) was a minor German prince who married into the British Royal Family and pursued a distinguished career in the Royal Navy, eventually serving as First Sea Lord from... Count Maurice von Hauke (Polish: ) (26 October 1775, Seifersdorf – 29 November 1830, Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire) was a professional soldier. ... Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine with his wife, Julia von Hauke Julia von Hauke (November 12, 1825 (O.S.)/November 24, 1825 (N.S.)–September 19, 1895) was the wife of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (1823–1888), the mother of Alexander of Bulgaria, and ancestress to... Louis II (26 December 1777, Darmstadt – 16 June 1848, Darmstadt) was Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 1830 until his death. ... Prince Karl of Hesse and by Rhine (23 April 1809 - 20 March 1877) was the second son of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Wilhelmine of Baden. ... Princess Wilhelmina of Baden Wilhelmine of Baden (September 21, 1788 – January 27, 1836) was Grand Duchess of Hesse and the Rhine. ... Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine Louis IV (Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl) (12 September 1837 - 13 March 1892), was the fourth Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, reigning from 13 June 1877 until his death. ... Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783–1851) was the son of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt. ... Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, later Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven (Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie) (5 April 1863-24 September 1950), was the eldest daughter of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837-1892) and his wife Princess Alice of the United Kingdom... Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Francis Augustus Charles Albert Emanuel, later HRH The Prince Consort) (26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Luise Dorothea Pauline Charlotte Friederike Auguste von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg, Herzogin von Sachsen, Princess of Gotha and Altenburg (1800-31), was a German Princess. ... Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary; later The Grand Duchess of Hesse; April 25, 1843 – December 14, 1878), was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... HRH The Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn The Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (2 November 1767 – 23 January 1820) was a member of the British Royal Family, the fourth son of King George III and the father of Queen Victoria. ... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Mary Louise Victoria; 17 August 1786 – 16 March 1861), later HRH The Duchess of Kent, was the mother of Queen Victoria. ...

Career

Early career

After Lockers Park Prep School, and Naval Cadet School, Mountbatten served in the Royal Navy during World War I. He accompanied Edward, Prince of Wales on a 1922 royal tour of India (where Edwina Ashley met him and he proposed marriage) and consolidated a firm friendship with the Prince. His relations with Edward cooled substantially during the latter's 1936 reign as Edward VIII and during the Abdication Crisis. Mountbatten's loyalties between the wider Royal Family and the throne, on the one hand, and the then-King, on the other, were tested. Mountbatten came down firmly on the side of Prince Albert, the Duke of York, who was to assume the throne as George VI in his brother's place. Lockers Park School is a day and boarding preparatory school for 140 boys, situated on the outskirts of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; later The Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972) was King of Great Britain, Ireland, the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India from the death of his father, George V (1910–36), on 20... George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions from 11 December 1936 until his death. ...

Second World War

In the Second World War he commanded the 5th Destroyer Flotilla. His ship, the destroyer HMS Kelly, was famous for many daring exploits. In early May 1940, Mountbatten led a British convoy in through the fog to evacuate the Allied forces participating in the Namsos campaign. In 1940 he invented the Mountbatten Pink naval camouflage pigment. His ship was sunk in May 1941 during the Crete Campaign. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... USS McFaul underway in the Atlantic Ocean. ... A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a flota of small ships, and this from French flotte), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. ... HMS Kelly (F01) was a K-class destroyer in Britains Royal Navy, launched on 25 October 1938 and commissioned on 23 August 1939. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants United Kingdom France Norway Nazi Germany Commanders Adrian Carton De Wiart Sylvestre-Gérard Audet Ole B. Getz - Strength 3,500 British 2,500 French 500 Norwegians 6,000 Casualties British: 19 killed 42 wounded 96 missing  ? In April and early May, 1940 Namsos was the scene of heavy... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mountbatten Pink, also called Plymouth Pink, is a naval camouflage pigment invented by Louis Mountbatten of the British Royal Navy in autumn 1940 during World War II. Mountbatten was escorting a convoy and noted that one ship in the group vanished from view much earlier than the remainder, a Union... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ...

In August 1941 Mountbatten was appointed captain of HMS Illustrious which lay in Norfolk, Virginia for repairs following action at Malta in the Mediterranean in January. During this period of relative inactivity he paid a flying visit to Pearl Harbor, where he was not impressed with the poor state of readiness and a general lack of co-operation between the US Navy and US Army, including the absence of a joint HQ.^{[citation needed]} The fourth HMS Illustrious (R87) of the Royal Navy was an aircraft carrier, arguably the one with the most distinguished and vital career of this proud lineage. ... Motto: Crescas (Latin for, Thou shalt grow. ... Combatants  United Kingdom  United States  Nazi Germany Fascist Italy Commanders Vice Admiral Sir Neville Syfret, Rear-Admiral H M Burrough, CB Alberto Da Zara Strength 2 Battleships, 4 Aircraft Carriers, 7 Cruisers, 16 Destroyers, 14 Merchantmen. ... This article is about the harbor in Hawaii. ...

Mountbatten was a favourite of Winston Churchill (although after 1948 Churchill never spoke to him again since he was famously annoyed with Mountbatten's later role in the independence of India and Pakistan) and on 27 October 1941 Mountbatten replaced Roger Keyes as Chief of Combined Operations. He personally pushed through the disastrous Dieppe Raid of 19 August 1942 (which certain elements of the Allied military, notably Field Marshal Montgomery, felt was ill-conceived from the start). The raid on Dieppe was widely considered to be a disaster, with casualties (including those wounded and/or taken prisoner) numbering in the thousands, the great majority of them Canadians. Historian Brian Loring Villa concluded that Mountbatten conducted the raid without authority, but that his intention to do so was known to several of his superiors, who took no action to stop him^[2]. Churchill redirects here. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... Roger John Brownlow Keyes, 1st Baron Keyes ( 1872- 1945) was a noted British admiral and hero, with a life of adventure stretching from African anti slavery patrols to Allied landings in Leyte in World War II. Early Days The son of a famous hero father, Keyes was born on October... Combined Operations was a department of the British War Office set up during World War II to harass the Germans on the European continent by means of raids carried out by use of combined naval and army forces. ... Combatants  Canada  United Kingdom  United States  Germany Commanders Louis Mountbatten J. H. Roberts Gerd von Rundstedt Strength 6,086 1,500 Casualties Canada: 950 dead, 2,340 captured or wounded; United Kingdom: 600; United States:4+; 311 dead, 280 wounded The Dieppe Raid, also known as The Battle of Dieppe... is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bernard Law Montgomery Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein (November 17, 1887 - March 24, 1976) was a British military officer during World War II often referred to as Monty. ...

Mountbatten claimed that the lessons learned from the Dieppe Raid were necessary for planning the Normandy invasion. However, military historians such as former Royal Marine Julian Thompson have written that these lessons should not have needed a debacle such as Dieppe to be recognised.^[3] Major General Julian H. A. Thompson, CB, OBE, is a military historian and former Royal Marines officer who as a brigadier headed 3 Commando Brigade during the Falklands war. ...

As a result, Mountbatten became a controversial figure in Canada,^[4] with the Royal Canadian Legion distancing itself from him during his visits there during his later career; his relations with Canadian veterans "remained frosty".^[5] Mountbatten's perceived callousness, and that of other prominent figures, towards Canadian forces served to encourage Canada's increasing distancing of itself from Britain in the postwar years^{[citation needed]}. Nevertheless, a Royal Canadian Sea Cadet corps (RCSCC #134 Admiral Mountbatten in Sudbury, Ontario) was named after him in 1946. Greater Sudbury (2001 census population 155,219) is a city in Northern Ontario. ...

In late 1942, Mountbatten proposed Project Habakkuk to Churchill; the Pykrete supercarrier project was never completed. In October 1943, Churchill appointed Mountbatten the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Theatre. Characteristically he set up an elaborate headquarters in the Royal Palace at Kandy, Sri Lanka, although the American generals proved unimpressed. His less practical ideas were sidelined by an experienced planning staff led by Lt-Col. James Allason, though some, such as a proposal to launch an amphibious assault near Rangoon, got as far as Churchill before being quashed.^[6] He would hold the post until the South East Asia Command (SEAC) was disbanded in 1946. Project Habbakuk was a plan by the British in World War II to construct an unsinkable aircraft carrier out of ice, for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which was out of range of land-based planes. ... Pykrete is a composite material made of approximately 14% sawdust (or, less frequently, wood pulp) and 86% water by weight then frozen, invented by Max Perutz and proposed during World War II by Geoffrey Pyke to the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom as a candidate material for making a... USS Enterprise, a supercarrier, and the conventionally-sized aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle USS A supercarrier is a ship belonging to the largest class of aircraft carrier, and generally has a displacement greater than 75,000 tons. ... The South-East Asian Theatre of World War II was the name given to the campaigns of the Pacific War in India, Burma, Thailand, Malaya and Singapore. ... , For other uses, see Kandy (disambiguation). ... Lt. ... Yangôn, formerly Rangoon, population 4,504,000 (2001), is the capital of Myanmar. ... South East Asia Command (SEAC) was the body set up to be in overall charge of Allied operations in the South-East Asian Theatre during World War II. The initial supreme commander of the theatre was General Sir Archibald Wavell, initially as head of the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command...

During his time as Supreme Allied Commander of the Southeast Asia Theatre, his command oversaw the recapture of Burma from the Japanese by General William Slim. Here, he worked closely with esteemed American general Albert Coady Wedemeyer. His diplomatic handling of General "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell, his deputy—and also the officer commanding the American China Burma India Theatre—and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, leader of the Chinese Nationalist forces, was as gifted as that of General Eisenhower with General Montgomery and Winston Churchill^{[citation needed]}. A personal high point was the reception of the Japanese surrender in Singapore when British troops returned to the island to receive the formal surrender of the Japanese forces in the region led by General Itagaki Seishiro on September 12, 1945. Field Marshal Sir William Slim (pictured here as a Major General) Field Marshal William Joseph Slim, 1st Viscount Slim (6 August 1897 - 14 December 1970), British military commander and 13th Governor-General of Australia, was born near Bristol, Gloucestershire. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Joseph Warren Stilwell (March 19, 1883 – October 12, 1946) was a United States Army four-star general best-known for his service in China. ... China Burma India Theater (CBI) was the name used by the United States Army for its forces in China, Burma, India during World War II. Well_known US units in this theater included the Flying Tigers, transport and bomber units flying the Hump, the engineers who built Ledo Road, and Merrill... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China (ROC), now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of seats in the Legislative Yuan, and the oldest political party in the... Dwight David Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was a five-star General in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... Col. ... is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ...

The Last Viceroy

Mountbatten at his installation as Viceroy of India

His experience in the region and in particular his perceived Labour sympathies at that time led to Clement Attlee appointing him Viceroy of India after the war. In his position as Viceroy, Mountbatten oversaw the granting of independence to the Partitioned India as India and Pakistan (In subsequent years, pre-Independence India has often been referred to as "British India." Prior to Partition and Independence, "British India" referred to those parts of India which were directly administered by the British, as opposed to those portions of pre-Independence India which were under the control of the Indian princes.) Image File history File links Mountbatten_installation_as_Viceroy. ... Image File history File links Mountbatten_installation_as_Viceroy. ... The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ... Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. ... The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. ...

He developed a strong relationship with the Indian princes who were said to have considerable confidence in him, and on the basis of his relationship with the British monarchy persuaded most of them to accede to the new states of India and Pakistan. This was vitally important in the lead-up to Indian independence, though ultimately post-Independence India and Pakistan abolished their prerogatives. The major continuing irritant between India and Pakistan has been over their rival claims to the former princely state of Kashmir. British Indian provinces were in general automatically allocated either to post-Partition India or Pakistan on the basis of the religion of the majority of such provinces; princely states' accession to one or other of the two countries was in the discretion of their respective princes. As a Hindu, the Maharajah, Hari Singh, chose to accede to India after the partition despite a majority of Kashmiris being Muslim. Jawaharlal Nehru, the Indian National Congress leader was a Kashmiri Hindu and had a strong wish to retain Kashmir for India; as has been well-documented, Mountbatten got on extremely well with Nehru (they had both been at the University of Cambridge and were active members of the Union Society although they had not been contemporaries), and not at all with Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the leader of the Indian Muslim League, a factor that complicated the issue.^{[citation needed]} Jawaharlal Nehru (Hindi: , IPA: , from Persian Javâher-e Laal, meaning Red Jewel) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964) was a political leader of the Indian National Congress, a pivotal figure in the Indian independence movement and the first Prime Minister of Independent India. ... Indian National Congress, Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah of Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah (referred to in Pakistan as Quaid-e-Azam, or Great Leader, which is a legally defined title) (December 25, 1876 - September 11, 1948) was an Indian Muslim nationalist, who led the movement demanding a separate homeland for Muslims in... The All India Muslim League (Urdu: مسلم لیگ), founded at Dhaka in 1906, was a political party in British India that developed into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state from British India on the Indian subcontinent. ...

Transfer of power. Mountbatten and Nehru at the microphone; Edwina in front of her throne. Viceroy's House, 15 August 1947

With his strong friendship with Nehru and amicable relations with Mahatma Gandhi but inability to work his famous charm on Jinnah, Mountbatten quickly gave up hope of salvaging a unified independent India, becoming resigned to Partition into a post-Independence Pakistan and India. After Independence (midnight of 14 August/15 August 1947, celebrated on the 14th in Pakistan and the 15th in India) he remained in New Delhi for ten months, serving as the first of independent India's two governors general until June 1948 (the monarchy being abolished in 1950 and the office of governor general of India replaced with a non-executive presidency.) Notwithstanding extremely effective self-promotion during his lifetime as to own his part in Indian independence — notably in the television series "The Life and Times of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Mountbatten of Burma", produced by his son-in-law Lord Brabourne, and Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins's rather sensationalised Freedom at Midnight (as to which he was the main informant) — his record is seen as mixed; one view is that he hastened the independence process unduly, foreseeing vast disruption and loss of life and not wanting this to occur on the British watch, but thereby actually causing it to occur, especially during the partition of the Punjab but also to a lesser extent, Bengal. See, e.g., Wolpert, Stanley (2006). Shameful Flight: The Last Years of the British Empire in India. Image File history File links Transfer_of_power_in_India,_1947. ... Image File history File links Transfer_of_power_in_India,_1947. ... Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948) (Devanagari: मोहनदास करमचन्द गांधी, Gujarati મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી), called... This article is under construction. ... is the 226th day of the year (227th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Right Honourable John Ulick Knatchbull, 7th Baron Brabourne, CBE (9 November 1924–23 September 2005) was a British peer and a television producer. ... Dominique Lapierre (born 1931 in Châtelaillon, near La Rochelle, France) is a French author. ... Larry Collins is the writer of several historical books, mainly in collaboration with Dominique Lapierre. ... Freedom at Midnight is a book by Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins. ...

John Kenneth Galbraith, the Canadian-American Harvard economist, who advised governments of India during the 1950s, became an intimate of Nehru and served as the American ambassador from 1961-63, was a particularly harsh critic of Mountbatten in this regard. The horrific casualties of the partition of the Punjab are luridly described in Collins' and LaPierre's Freedom at Midnight and more latterly in Bapsi Sidhwa's novel Ice Candy Man (published in the USA as Cracking India), made into the film Earth, 1947. In all renderings of the appalling carnage that followed the Partition, Lady Mountbatten is universally praised for her heroic efforts in relieving the misery and to this day she remains a heroine of the Partition period in India. John Kenneth Galbraith John Kenneth Galbraith (October 15, 1908–April 29, 2006) was an influential Canadian-American economist. ... Bapsi Sidhwa (1938 - ) is an important author of Pakistani origin who writes in English. ...

Career after India

Mountbatten with Barbara Cartland

After India, Mountbatten served in the Mediterranean Fleet and as a staff officer in the Admiralty. He took great personal pride and pleasure in serving as First Sea Lord and later as Chief of the Defence Staff for six years (1959–1965), which he also took as reparation for the slur on his father who had been forced to resign as First Sea Lord in 1914 after being falsely accused of pro-German sympathy. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (780x1086, 294 KB) Randy Bryan Bigham Collection, owner by way of gift from subject/copyright holder I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (780x1086, 294 KB) Randy Bryan Bigham Collection, owner by way of gift from subject/copyright holder I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Dame Mary Barbara Hamilton Cartland DBE CStJ (9 July 1901 – 21 May 2000) was one of the most successful writers of romance novels of all time, specialising in historical love themes. ... Sir Jonathon Band, the current First Sea Lord The First Sea Lord is the professional head of the Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service. ... The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the British Armed Forces. ...

It is claimed that in 1967 Mountbatten attended a private meeting with press baron and MI5 agent Cecil King, and the Government's chief scientific adviser, Solly Zuckerman. King wanted to stage a coup against the then crisis-striken Labour Government of Harold Wilson, and urged Mountbatten to become the leader of a Government of national salvation. Mountbatten apparently considered the idea of heading the coup, but Zuckerman pointed out that it was treason, and the idea came to nothing because of Mountbatten's reluctance to act.^[7] Claims of an MI5 plot against Wilson have been investigated a number of times and no credible evidence discovered. [1] Cecil Harmsworth King (20 February 1901 – 17 April 1987) was owner of Mirror Group Newspapers, and later a Director at the Bank of England. ... Lord Solly Zuckerman (May 30, 1904 - April 1, 1993) was a UK public servant, zoologist, and scientific advisor. ... James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ...

Mountbatten was appointed the first Lord Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight following that county's creation in 1974. He kept the position until his death. Flag of a Lord-Lieutenant The title Lord-Lieutenant is given to the British monarchs personal representatives around the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Isle of Wight (disambiguation). ...

Mountbatten took great pride in enhancing intercultural understanding and in 1984, with his eldest daughter as the patron, the Mountbatten Internship Programme was developed to allow young adults the opportunity to enhance their intercultural appreciation and experience by spending time abroad.

From 1967 until 1978, Mountbatten became president of the United World Colleges Organisation, then represented by a single college: that of Atlantic College in South Wales. Mountbatten supported the United World Colleges and encouraged heads of state, politicians and personalities throughout the world to share his interest. Under Mountbatten's presidency and personal involvement, the United World College of South East Asia was established in Singapore in 1971, followed by the UWC of the Pacific in Canada in 1974. In 1978, Lord Mountbatten of Burma passed the Presidency to his great-nephew, HRH The Prince of Wales.^[8] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The United World College of the Atlantic, more commonly referred to simply as Atlantic College, is an internationally-prestiged private boarding school in south Wales. ...

Personal life

Marriage

Edwina Mountbatten as a young matron

Mountbatten's nickname among family and friends was "Dickie," notable in that "Richard" was not among his given names. Mountbatten was married on 18 July 1922 to Edwina Cynthia Annette Ashley, daughter of Wilfred William Ashley, later 1st Baron Mount Temple, himself a grandson of the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. She was the favourite granddaughter of the Edwardian magnate Sir Ernest Cassel and the principal heir to his fortune. There followed a glamorous honeymoon tour of European courts and America which famously included a visit with Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and Charlie Chaplin in Hollywood, Chaplin creating a widely seen home movie "Nice and Easy", featuring the talents of Fairbanks, Pickford, Chaplin and the Mountbattens. They had two daughters: Patricia Mountbatten, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (born on February 14, 1924), and Lady Pamela Carmen Louise (Hicks) (born on April 19, 1929). Image File history File links Edwinamountbatten. ... Image File history File links Edwinamountbatten. ... is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Edwina and Louis Mountbatten, Earl and Countess Mountbatten of Burma Edwina Cynthia Annette Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma, CI, GBE, DCVO (28 November 1901–21 February 1960) was an English heiress, socialite, relief-worker and the wife of the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma. ... The titles of Viscount Palmerston and Baron Temple of Mount Temple were created in the Peerage of Ireland 12 March 1723 for Henry Temple, of East Sheen, eldest son of Sir John Temple, sometime Attorney General for Ireland. ... The Earl of Shaftesbury by Carlo Pellegrini, 1869 Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury (1801 – 1885), styled Lord Ashley from 1811 to 1851, was an English politician and philanthropist, one of the best-known of the Victorian era. ... Ernest Cassel painted by Anders Zorn, 1886 Sir Ernest Cassel (1852-1921) was a British merchant banker and capitalist. ... Douglas Fairbanks (May 23, 1883 – December 12, 1939) was an American actor, screenwriter, director and producer, who became noted for his swashbuckling roles in silent movies such as The Mark of Zorro (1920), The Three Musketeers (1921), Robin Hood (1922), The Thief of Bagdad (1924) and The Black Pirate (1926). ... Mary Pickford (April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979) was an Oscar-winning Canadian motion picture star and co-founder of United Artists in 1919. ... Charles Chaplin redirects here. ... ... Patricia Edwina Victoria Mountbatten, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (born February 14, 1924) succeeded her father, the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, when he was assassinated in 1979. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the rap album, see 1924 (album). ... Born Lady Pamela Carmen Louise Mountbatten on 19 April 1929 in Barcelona, Spain, Lady Pamela Hicks is the daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and his wife Edwina Ashley. ... is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Lady Mountbatten died at age 58 on February 21, 1960, in Jesselton, North Borneo; as documented in the official biography by Philip Ziegler, the marriage had been stormy throughout, with adulterous dalliances on both parts. Both husband and wife readily admitted to several affairs, particularly during the 1930s; Lady Mountbatten's intimacy with Nehru has long been well known; and both Mountbatten daughters have candidly acknowledged that their mother had a fiery temperament and was not always supportive of her husband when jealousy of his high profile overbore a sense of their having common cause. is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kota Kinabalu (1996 pop. ... Motto: Pergo et Perago (Latin: I undertake and I achieve”) British North Borneo Capital Jesselton Language(s) Malay, English Government Monarchy Monarch  - 1882 - 1901 Victoria  - 1952 - 1963 Elizabeth II Governor  - 1896 - 1901 Robert Scott Historical era New Imperialism  - North Borneo Company May, 1882  - British protectorate 1888  - Japanese invasion January 1...

During the Indian viceroyalty, in particular, Mountbatten's evenings were often given over to assuaging his wife's feelings of angry resentment. Latterly, A.N. Wilson in his well-regarded After the Victorians: 1901–1953 has asserted that Mountbatten himself carried on affairs with lovers of both sexes and that he was known to friends as "Mountbottom."^[9] A small item in Private Eye magazine regarding drunken naval ratings at Mountbatten's London home, and which alluded to Mountbatten's bisexuality, was widely commented upon. Mountbatten's official biographer wrote that he could find nothing to support the allegation, but several eyewitness accounts supporting Private Eye were later published. Private eye may mean: Look up Private eye on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Private Eye a fortnightly British satirical magazine-newspaper, edited by Ian Hislop (as of 2005) A private investigator, a private detective for hire (see also crime fiction and detective fiction) Private Eye, a song by Alkaline Trio...

Passing of titles to Patricia

Since Mountbatten had no sons, when he was created Viscount on August 23, 1946, then Earl and Baron on October 28, 1947, the Letters Patent were drafted such that the titles would pass to the female line and its male issue. This was at his firm insistence: his relationship with his elder daughter had always been particularly close and it was his special wish that she succeed to the title in her own right. There was longstanding precedent for such remainders for military commanders: past examples included the 1st Viscount Nelson and the 1st Earl Roberts. It also acknowledged the regard in which he was held by the British Royal Family—although the Sarah Bradford biography of King George VI: The Reluctant King, indicates clearly that the King was not without a degree of droll awareness of his cousin's famous name-dropping as to his Royal connection—as well as to atone for the disservice done to his father. Thus, on his death in 1979 the titles passed to Patricia as he had wished. {| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Letters Patent by Queen Victoria creating the office of Governor-General of Australia Letters patent are a type of legal instrument in the form of an open letter issued by a monarch or government granting an office, a right, monopoly, title, or status to someone or some entity such as... Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, KB (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British admiral famous for his participation in the Napoleonic Wars, most notably in the Battle of Trafalgar, a decisive British victory in the war, during which he lost his life. ... Lord Roberts of Kabul and Kandahar on his Celebrated Charger (Harpers Magazine, European Edition, December 1897, p27) Field Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts, VC, KG, KP, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, PC (30 September 1832 – 14 November 1914) was a distinguished British soldier and one of the most...

Mentorship of Prince of Wales

Mountbatten was a strong influence in the upbringing of his great-nephew, The Prince of Wales, and later as a mentor—"Honorary Grandfather" and "Honorary Grandson", they fondly called each other according to the Jonathan Dimbleby biography of the Prince—though according to both the Ziegler biography of Mountbatten and the Dimbleby biography of the Prince the results may have been mixed: he from time to time strongly upbraided the Prince for showing tendencies towards the idle pleasure-seeking dilettantism of his predecessor as Prince of Wales, King Edward VIII, later known as the Duke of Windsor, whom Mountbatten had known well in their youth; but he also encouraged the Prince to enjoy the bachelor life while he could and then to marry a young and inexperienced girl so as to ensure a stable married life.^[10] “Prince Charles” redirects here. ... Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; later The Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972) was King of Great Britain, Ireland, the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India from the death of his father, George V (1910–36), on 20...

Mountbatten's qualification for offering advice to this particular heir to the throne was unique; it was he who had arranged the visit of George VI and Queen Elizabeth to Dartmouth Royal Naval College on 22 July 1939, taking care to include the young Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret in the invitation, but assigning his nephew, Cadet Prince Philip of Greece, to keep them amused while their parents toured the facility. This was the first recorded meeting of Charles's future parents.^[11] But a few months later, Mountbatten's efforts nearly came to naught when he received a letter from his sister Alice in Athens informing him that Philip was visiting her and had agreed to permanently repatriate to Greece. Within days, Philip received a command from his cousin and sovereign, King George II of the Hellenes, to resume his naval career in Britain which, though given without explanation, the young prince obeyed.^[12] Britannia Royal Naval College (BRNC) is the initial officer training establishment of the Royal Navy, located on a hill overlooking Dartmouth, Devon, England. ... is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A cadet is a future officer in the military. ... This article is about the capital of Greece. ... Repatriation (from late Latin repatriare - to restore someone to his homeland) is the process of return of refugees or soldiers to their homes, most notably following a war. ... George II, King of the Hellenes (Greek: Γεώργιος Β [Geōrgios] Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων) (20 July 1890–1 April 1947) ruled Greece from 1922 to 1924 and from 1935 to 1947. ...

In 1974 Mountbatten began corresponding with Charles about a potential marriage to his granddaughter, Hon. Amanda Knatchbull.^[13] It was about this time he also recommended that the 25-year-old prince get on with sowing some wild oats. Charles dutifully wrote Amanda's mother (who was also his godmother), Lady Brabourne, about his interest. Her answer was supportive, but advised him that she thought her daughter still rather young to be courted.^[14] The Right Honourable Patricia Edwina Victoria Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (born 14 February 1924) is a British peeress. ... Suitor redirects here. ...

Four years later Mountbatten secured an invitation for himself and Amanda to accompany Charles on his planned 1980 tour of India.^[15] Their fathers promptly objected: Prince Philip thought that the Indian public's reception would more likely reflect response to the uncle than to the nephew. Lord Brabourne counseled that the intense scrutiny of the press would be more likely to drive Mountbatten's godson and granddaughter apart than together.^[16] The Right Honourable John Ulick Knatchbull, 7th Baron Brabourne, CBE (9 November 1924–23 September 2005) was a British peer and a television producer. ...

Charles was re-scheduled to tour India alone, but Mountbatten did not live to the planned date of departure. When Charles finally did propose marriage to Amanda, the circumstances were tragically changed, and she refused him.^[17]

Death

Christ in Triumph over Darkness and Evil by Gabriel Loire (1982) at St. George's Cathedral, Cape Town, South Africa, in memory of Lord Mountbatten.

Mountbatten usually holidayed at his summer home in Mullaghmore, County Sligo, a small seaside village between Bundoran, County Donegal and Sligo Town on the northwest coast of Ireland. Bundoran was a popular holiday destination for volunteers of the IRA, many of whom were aware of Mountbatten's presence and movements in Mullaghmore. Despite security advice and warnings from the Garda Síochána, on 27 August 1979, Mountbatten went sailing in his thirty-foot wooden boat, the Shadow V, which was moored in the small harbour at Mullaghmore. The IRA had earlier fitted a radio controlled fifty-pound bomb which was detonated before the boat reached Donegal Bay. Others killed in the blast were Nicholas Knatchbull, his elder daughter's fourteen-year-old son, Paul Maxwell, a 15-year-old youth from County Fermanagh who was working as a crew member and Baroness Brabourne, his elder daughter's 83-year-old mother-in-law who was seriously injured in the explosion, and died from her injuries the following day. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 427 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1190 × 1670 pixel, file size: 699 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 427 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1190 × 1670 pixel, file size: 699 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Joan of Arc by Gabriel Loire (1951), Church of St. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area  - Total 2,499 km² (964. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference G709576 Statistics Province: Connacht County: Elevation: ,1 m Population (2002) 137  Mullaghmore (Irish: ) is a village in County Sligo, Ireland. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference G8761 Statistics Province: Ulster County: Population () Town Bundoran and hills (sight from library). ... Statistics Province: Ulster Dáil Éireann: Donegal North East, Donegal South West County Town: Lifford Code: DL Area: 4,841 km² Population (2006) 146,956 Website: www. ... Sligo (Sligeach in Irish) is the county town of County Sligo in the Republic of Ireland. ... Volunteer, often abbreviated Vol. ... Flag of An Garda Síochána Garda Síochána na hÉireann (pronounced ; Irish for Peace Guard of Ireland, often rendered[1] as The Guardians of the Peace of Ireland) is the police force of the Republic of Ireland. ... is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Look up IRA in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Donegal Bay (Bá Dhún na nGall in Irish) is an inlet (or bay) in the north western region of Ireland. ... The Honourable Nicholas Timothy Charles Knatchbull (18 November 1964–27 August 1979) was the son of the 7th Baron Brabourne and his wife, formerly Lady Patricia Mountbatten (now 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma), twin brother of Timothy Knatchbull, and grandson of the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma. ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Enniskillen Area: 1,691 km² Population (est. ... Doreen Knatchbull, Baroness Brabourne CI DStJ (29 May 1896–27 August 1979) was born Lady Doreen Geraldine Browne, the daughter of the 6th Marquess of Sligo. ...

Nicholas Knatchbull's mother and father, along with his twin brother Timothy, survived the explosion but were seriously injured.

Sinn Féin vice-president Gerry Adams said of Mountbatten's death: For pre-Arthur Griffith use of the political name, see Sinn Féin (19th century). ... Gerard Adams MP (Irish: [1]; born 6 October 1948) is an Irish Republican politician and abstentionist Westminster Member of Parliament for Belfast West. ...

The I.R.A. gave clear reasons for the execution. I think it is unfortunate that anyone has to be killed, but the furor created by Mountbatten's death showed up the hypocritical attitude of the media establishment. As a member of the House of Lords, Mountbatten was an emotional figure in both British and Irish politics. What the I.R.A. did to him is what Mountbatten had been doing all his life to other people; and with his war record I don't think he could have objected to dying in what was clearly a war situation. He knew the danger involved in coming to this country. In my opinion, the I.R.A. achieved its objective: people started paying attention to what was happening in Ireland.^[18]

On that same day Mountbatten was assassinated, the IRA also ambushed and killed eighteen British Army soldiers from the Parachute Regiment at Warrenpoint, County Down in what became known as the Warrenpoint ambush. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... The Parachute Regiment redirects here, for the Indian regiment, see The Parachute Regiment (India) The Parachute Regiment is the Airborne Infantry element of the British Army. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Ulster County: District: Newry and Mourne UK Parliament: South Down European Parliament: Northern Ireland Dialling Code: 028, +44 28 Post Town: Newry Postal District(s): BT34 Population (2001) 7,000 Warrenpoint (from the Irish: An Phointe meaning the point - alternatively Rinn Mhic Giolla Rua... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Downpatrick Area: 2,448 km² Population (est. ... The Warrenpoint ambush, also known as the Narrow Water attack or the Warrenpoint massacre,[1] on 27 August 1979 was a guerrilla action by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) that resulted in the British Armys greatest loss of life in a single incident during the Troubles in Northern...

Funeral

The President of Ireland, Patrick Hillery, and the Taoiseach (Head of Government), Jack Lynch, attended a memorial service for Mountbatten in St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin. Official Seal of the President of Ireland The President of Ireland (Irish: ) is the head of state of the Republic of Ireland. ... Dr. Patrick John Hillery (born May 2, 1923) is an Irish Fianna Fáil politician and the sixth President of Ireland from 1976 until 1990. ... The Taoiseach (IPA: , phonetic: TEE-shock — plural: Taoisigh ( or ), also referred to as An Taoiseach [1], is the head of government or prime minister of the Republic of Ireland . ... John (Jack) Mary Lynch (15 August 1917—20 October 1999), was the fourth Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, serving two terms in office; 1966 to 1973 and 1977 to 1979. ... St. ... For other uses, see Dublin (disambiguation). ...

Mountbatten's grave at Romsey Abbey

Mountbatten was buried in Romsey Abbey after a televised funeral in Westminster Abbey which he himself had comprehensively planned.^[19] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,848 × 2,136 pixels, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,848 × 2,136 pixels, file size: 2. ... Romsey Abbey. ... The Collegiate Church of St Peter, Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a mainly Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral (and indeed often mistaken for one), in Westminster, London, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. ...

On 23 November 1979, Thomas McMahon was convicted for the bombing and later was released in 1998 under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement.^[20][21] is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Thomas McMahon (b. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... The Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement and, more rarely, as the Stormont Agreement) was signed in Belfast on April 10, 1998 by the British and Irish Governments and endorsed by most Northern Ireland political parties. ...

Styles from birth to death

• His Serene Highness Prince Louis of Battenberg (1900–1917)
• Mr. Louis Mountbatten (1917)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten (1917–1920)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten, MVO (1920-1922)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten, KCVO (1921-1937)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten, GCVO (1937-1941)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten, GCVO, DSO (1941-1943)
• Lord Louis Mountbatten, GCVO, CB, DSO (1943-1946)
• The Right Honourable The Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCVO, KCB, DSO (1946–1947)
• The Right Honourable The Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCVO, KCB, DSO, PC (1947)
• The Right Honourable The Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, KCB, DSO, PC (1947–1955)
• The Right Honourable The Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, PC (1955–1965)
• The Right Honourable The Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, PC (1965–1979)

Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ...

Honours

• 1937: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order – GCVO (1920: MVO, 1922: KCVO)
• 1941: Distinguished Service Order – DSO
• 1943: Knight of Justice of St John – KJStJ
• 1946: Knight of the Garter – KG
• 1947: Knight Grand Commander of the Star of India – GCSI
• 1947: Knight Grand Commander of the Indian Empire – GCIE
• 1955: Knight Grand Cross of the Bath – GCB (1943: CB, 1945: KCB}
• 1956: Grand Commander of the Order of Thiri Thudhamma (Burma)
• 1965: Member of the Order of Merit – OM

Queen Victoria founded the Royal Victorian Order. ... DSO medal The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other Commonwealth countries, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. ... This article is about the order after its revival in the 19th century. ... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... Insignia of a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India. ... The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Victoria in 1877. ... Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... Order of Thiri Thudhamma Thiri Thudhamma Thingaha (the Most Glorious Order of Truth): founded on 2nd September 1948. ... The Order of Merit is a British and Commonwealth Order bestowed by the Monarch. ...

References

Major General Julian H. A. Thompson, CB, OBE, is a military historian and former Royal Marines officer who as a brigadier headed 3 Commando Brigade during the Falklands war. ... 1961 Pan Books edition of Ian Flemings James Bond novel Goldfinger is an example of the type of publication for which Pan Books became popular. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) was founded in 1967 and originally named the Ohio College Library Center. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jonathan Dimbleby, (born 31 July 1944, Aylesbury) is a British presenter of current affairs and political radio and television programmes, a political commentator and a writer. ... Jonathan Dimbleby, (born 31 July 1944, Aylesbury) is a British presenter of current affairs and political radio and television programmes, a political commentator and a writer. ... Jonathan Dimbleby, (born 31 July 1944, Aylesbury) is a British presenter of current affairs and political radio and television programmes, a political commentator and a writer. ... Jonathan Dimbleby, (born 31 July 1944, Aylesbury) is a British presenter of current affairs and political radio and television programmes, a political commentator and a writer. ... Jonathan Dimbleby, (born 31 July 1944, Aylesbury) is a British presenter of current affairs and political radio and television programmes, a political commentator and a writer. ... is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... “TIME” redirects here. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ...

Notes

See also: David Leigh, "The Wilson Plot: The Intelligence Services and the Discrediting of a Prime Minister 1945-1976", London: Heinemann, 1988

Further reading

• Philip Ziegler, Mountbatten: the official biography, (Collins, 1985)
• Richard Hough, Mountbatten; Hero of our time, (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1980)
• The Life and Times of Lord Mountbatten (Hutchinson, 1968)

• Andrew Roberts Eminent Churchillians, (Phoenix Press, 1994).
• Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins Freedom at Midnight, (Collins, 1975).
• A.N. Wilson After the Victorians: 1901-1953, (Hutchinson, 2005)
• Jon Latimer Burma: The Forgotten War, (John Murray, 2004)
• Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (editor), Burke's Guide to the Royal Family, Burke's Peerage, London, 1973, ISBN 0220662223
• Tony Heathcote The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 - 1995, (Pen & Sword Ltd, 2002), ISBN 0 85052 835 6

Highly regarded British biographer and historian. ... Richard Hough is a British author and historian specializing in maritime history. ... Andrew Roberts (born on January 13, 1963) is a British conservative, writer of historical biographies and journalist. ... Dominique Lapierre (born 1931 in Châtelaillon, near La Rochelle, France) is a French author. ... Larry Collins (September 14, 1929 - June 20, 2005, Frejus, France) was an American writer. ... Freedom at Midnight is a book by Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins. ... Andrew Norman Wilson (born 1950) is an English writer, known for his biographies, novels and works of popular and cultural history. ... Jon Latimer is a historian and writer based in Wales. ...

External links

• Stamp on Louis Mountbatten
• mountbattenofburma.com - Tribute & Memorial website to Louis, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma
• Combined Ops
• Interaction with German U-Boat U-35 officers
• The Mountbatten Assassination: A retrospective [2]
• The Mountbatten School, Romsey- http://www.mountbatten.hants.sch.uk/home/index.php

v • d • e First Sea Lords of the Royal Navy

The Earl Howe • Sir Peter Parker • Prince William, Duke of Clarence • Sir George Cockburn • Sir Thomas Hardy • The Hon. George Heneage Dundas • Charles Adam • Sir George Cockburn • Sir Charles Adam • Sir George Cockburn • Sir William Parker • Sir Charles Adam • James Whitley Deans Dundas • The Hon. Maurice FitzHardinge Berkeley • Hyde Parker • The Hon. Maurice FitzHardinge Berkeley • The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas • William Fanshawe Martin • The Hon. Sir Richard Saunders Dundas • The Hon. Sir Frederick Grey • Sir Alexander Milne • Sir Sydney Dacres • Sir Alexander Milne • Sir Hastings Yelverton • George Wellesley • Sir Astley Cooper Key • Sir Arthur Acland Hood • Lord John Hay • Sir Arthur Acland Hood • Sir Richard Vesey Hamilton • Sir Anthony Hoskins • Sir Frederick Richards • Lord Walter Kerr • Sir John A. Fisher • Sir Arthur Knyvet Wilson • Sir Francis Bridgeman • Prince Louis of Battenberg • The Baron Fisher of Kilverstone • Sir Henry Jackson • Sir John Jellicoe • Sir Rosslyn Wemyss • The Earl Beatty • Sir Charles Madden, Bt • Sir Frederick Field • The Lord Chatfield • Sir Roger Backhouse • Sir Dudley Pound • The Lord Cunningham of Hyndhope • Sir John Cunningham • The Lord Fraser of North Cape • Sir Rhoderick McGrigor • The Earl Mountbatten of Burma • Sir Charles Lambe • Sir Caspar John • Sir David Luce • Sir Varyl Begg • Sir Michael Le Fanu • Sir Peter Hill-Norton • Sir Michael Pollock • Sir Edward Ashmore • Sir Terence Lewin • Sir Henry Leach • Sir John Fieldhouse • Sir William Staveley • Sir Julian Oswald • Sir Benjamin Bathurst • Sir Jock Slater • Sir Michael Boyce • Sir Nigel Essenhigh • Sir Alan West • Sir Jonathon Band • Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell (May 5, 1883 - May 24, 1950) was a British Field Marshal and the commander of British Army forces in the Middle East during World War II. He led British forces to victory over the Italians, only to be defeated by the German army. ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885–1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885–1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (Tamil: சக்ரவர்தி ராஜகோபாலாச்சாரி) (b. ... Sir Herbert (Bertie) Annesley Packer (Cressage in Shropshire, October 9, 1894 - Cape Town, September 1962) was an officer in the British Royal Navy and ended his career as an admiral and Commander in Chief South Atlantic. ... The Fourth Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Supplies was formerly one of the Naval Lords and members of the Board of Admiralty which controlled the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Rhoderick Robert McGrigor (April 12, 1893, York - 1959) was a Royal Navy officer and the British First Sea Lord from 1951 to 1955. ... Sir Jonathon Band, the current First Sea Lord The First Sea Lord is the professional head of the Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service. ... Admiral Sir Charles Lambe, was the Royal Navy British First Sea Lord from 1959 to 1960. ... Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir William Forster Dickson (born 24 September 1898, died 12 September 1987) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force. ... The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the British Armed Forces. ... Field Marshal Sir Richard Amyatt Hull was the last Chief of the Imperial General Staff (1961–1964) and the first Chief of the General Staff (1964–1965), and as such the professional head of the British Army. ... This is an incomplete list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight: 1980–1985: Sir John Nicholson, 2nd Bt. ... The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801. ... The title Earl Mountbatten of Burma was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1947 for Louis Mountbatten, 1st Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, the last Viceroy of India. ... Patricia Edwina Victoria Mountbatten, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (born February 14, 1924) succeeded her father, the 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, when he was assassinated in 1979. ... The title Earl Mountbatten of Burma was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1947 for Louis Mountbatten, 1st Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, the last Viceroy of India. ... Image File history File links Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Sir Jonathon Band, the current First Sea Lord The First Sea Lord is the professional head of the Royal Navy and the whole Naval Service. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe (8 March 1726 – 5 August 1799) was a British admiral. ... Admiral Sir Peter Parker, 1st Baronet (1721 – 1811) was a British naval officer, born probably in Ireland. ... William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Cockburn, 10th Baronet (22 April 1772 – 19 August 1853) was a British naval commander of the late 18th through the mid-19th centuries. ... This article is about the naval officer. ... Rear-Admiral George Heneage Lawrence Dundas CB (8 September 1778 - 7 October 1834) was a senior naval officer and First Sea Lord. ... Admiral Sir Charles Adam, KCB (6 October 1780 – 19 September 1853) was a British naval officer. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Cockburn, 10th Baronet (22 April 1772 – 19 August 1853) was a British naval commander of the late 18th through the mid-19th centuries. ... Admiral Sir Charles Adam, KCB (6 October 1780 – 19 September 1853) was a British naval officer. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Cockburn, 10th Baronet (22 April 1772 – 19 August 1853) was a British naval commander of the late 18th through the mid-19th centuries. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Parker, 1st Baronet, GCB (1 December 1781 – 13 November 1866) was born at Almington, Staffordshire, England. ... Admiral Sir Charles Adam, KCB (6 October 1780 – 19 September 1853) was a British naval officer. ... Sir James Whitley Deans Dundas (4 December 1785-3 October 1862) was a British admiral. ... Admiral Maurice Frederick FitzHardinge Berkeley, 1st Baron FitzHardinge of Bristol, GCB PC (3 January 1788 - 17 October 1867) was a former Royal Navy First Sea Lord and former First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to Queen Victoria. ... Hyde Parker (1786 – 26 May 1854) was a British Vice-Admiral started to serve in the Napoleonic Wars and appointed First Sea Lord of the Admiralty in 1852. ... Admiral Maurice Frederick FitzHardinge Berkeley, 1st Baron FitzHardinge of Bristol, GCB PC (3 January 1788 - 17 October 1867) was a former Royal Navy First Sea Lord and former First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to Queen Victoria. ... Richard Saunders Dundas (1802 - 1861) was a British naval officer. ... Sir William Fanshawe Martin, 4th Baronet GCB (December 5, 1801 - March 24, 1895), was a British admiral. ... Richard Saunders Dundas (1802 - 1861) was a British naval officer. ... Admiral Sir Frederick William Grey GCB (23 August 1805 - 2 May 1878) was a senior naval officer and First Sea Lord. ... Sir Alexander Milne, 1st Baronet - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Admiral Sir Sydney Dacres, was the Royal Navy British First Sea Lord from 1868 to 1872. ... Sir Alexander Milne, 1st Baronet - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Admiral Sir Hastings Reginald Yelverton, GCB, born Hastings Reginald Henry (March 1808 – 24 July 1878), was a British naval officer of the 19th century. ... Admiral Sir George Greville Wellesley GCB (2 August 1814 - 6 April 1901) was a senior naval officer and First Sea Lord. ... Sir Astley Cooper Key (1821 - March 3, 1888), English admiral, was born in London, and entered the navy in 1833. ... Admiral Arthur William Acland Hood, 1st Baron Hood of Avalon (July 14, 1824 – November 15, 1901), was an officer of the Royal Navy who held command during the Crimean War and later served as First Sea Lord. ... Lord John Hay GCB (August 23, 1827 Geneva, Switzerland – May 4, 1916) was a British politician and Admiral of the Fleet. ... Admiral Arthur William Acland Hood, 1st Baron Hood of Avalon (July 14, 1824 – November 15, 1901), was an officer of the Royal Navy who held command during the Crimean War and later served as First Sea Lord. ... Admiral Sir Richard Vesey Hamilton GCB (28 May 1829 - 17 September 1912) was a senior naval officer and First Sea Lord. ... Anthony Hiley Hoskins (1828-1901), was a British naval officer who was First Sea Lord from 1891 to 1893. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Frederick William Richards (1833 - 1912) was the British First Sea Lord from 1893 to 1899. ... Admiral of the Fleet Lord Walter Talbot Kerr was born on 28 September 1839 and died on the 12th May, 1927 at age 87. ... John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher (January 25, 1841 – July 10, 1920), commonly known as Jackie Fisher, was a British admiral known for his efforts at naval reform. ... Arthur Knyvet Wilson (VC, GCB, OM, GCVO) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. ... Admiral Sir Francis Charles Bridgeman Bridgeman GCB, GCVO (7 December 1848 – 17 February 1929) was a British sailor. ... Prince Louis of Battenberg Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, (24 May 1854 – 11 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a minor German prince who married into the British Royal Family and pursued a distinguished career in the Royal Navy, eventually serving as First Sea... John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher (January 25, 1841 – July 10, 1920), commonly known as Jackie Fisher, was a British admiral known for his efforts at naval reform. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Bradwardine Jackson was born in 1855 and died in 1929. ... Admiral of the Fleet Lord Jellicoe Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe (December 5, 1859–November 20, 1935) was a British Royal Navy admiral. ... Admiral Sir Rosslyn Erskine Erskine-Wemyss, 1st Baron Wester Wemyss (born 12 April 1864 in Fife, died 24 May 1933) served in active naval command positions during World War I, with postings to the Mediterranean and Egypt, and was appointed First Sea Lord in December 1917 Wemyss was the son... David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty (17 January 1871- 11 March 1936), was an admiral in the Royal Navy. ... Sir Charles Madden when he was Vice Admiral. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Frederick Laurence Field GCB KCMG (18 April 1871–24 October 1945) was a British Royal Navy Admiral of the Fleet who served as First Sea Lord from 1930 to 1933. ... Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield, 1st Baron Chatfield, PC (1873-1967) was a British naval officer. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger Roland Charles Backhouse GCB, GCVO, CMG, (24 November 1878-15 July 1939) was an Admiral of the Fleet in the Royal Navy and First Sea Lord of the British Admiralty from 1939 to 1939. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Alfred Dudley Pickman Rogers Pound GCB GCVO RN (August 29, 1877 - October 21, 1943) was a British naval officer who served as First Sea Lord, professional head of the Royal Navy from June 1939 to September 1943. ... Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, KT, GCB, OM, DSO** (7 January 1883 – 12 June 1963), older brother of General Sir Alan Cunningham, was a British admiral of the Second World War. ... Admiral Sir John Henry Dacres Cunningham, GCB, MVO (13 April 1885 – 13 December 1962) was the Royal Navy British First Sea Lord from 1946 to 1948. ... Admiral of the Fleet Bruce Austin Fraser, 1st Baron Fraser of North Cape, GCB, KBE, (born Acton February 5, 1888 – February 12, 1981) was a senior British admiral during World War II. He joined the Royal Navy as a Cadet on 15 January 1904. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Rhoderick Robert McGrigor (April 12, 1893, York - 1959) was a Royal Navy officer and the British First Sea Lord from 1951 to 1955. ... Admiral Sir Charles Lambe, was the Royal Navy British First Sea Lord from 1959 to 1960. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Caspar John, born 1903, died 1984 was the British First Sea Lord from 1960 to 1963. ... Sir David Luce was First Sea Lord of the Royal Navy from 1963 to 1966. ... Admiral of the Fleet His Excellency, Sir Varyl Cargill Begg (1908 - 1995), DSO, DSC, was the British First Sea Lord of the Royal Navy from 1966 to 1968. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Le Fanu (August 2, 1913-November 28, 1970) was a British Royal Navy admiral who was appointed in 1970 to become Chief of the Defence Staff but never managed to hold the office because he was suddenly discovered to be terminally ill and retired... Peter John Hill-Norton, Baron Hill-Norton GCB (8 February 1915-16 May 2004) was an Admiral of the Fleet, former Chief of the Defence Staff of the United Kingdom and former Chairman of the NATO Military Committee. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Patrick Pollock, GCB, LVO, DSC (19 October 1916 - 27 September 2006) was a British officer in the Royal Navy who rose to become First Sea Lord from 1971 to 1974. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Edward Ashmore (1919 - ) is a former senior Royal Navy officer. ... The Right Honourable Terence Thornton Lewin, Baron Lewin, KG, GCB, LVO, DSC (1920-1999) was an Admiral of the Fleet in the Royal Navy. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach (born 1923) is a former First Sea Lord of the Royal Navy Sir Henry Leach was First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff between 1979 and 1982. ... Admiral of the Fleet The Right Honourable John David Elliott Fieldhouse, Baron Fieldhouse, GCB, GBE (1928–17 February 1992) was a high ranking officer in the Royal Navy Primarily a submariner in the Royal Navy, later rising to the highest position in UK Armed Forces In 1982 in the rank... Admiral Sir William Stavely, was the Royal Navy British First Sea Lord from 1985 to 1989. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir Julian Oswald, GCB RN (born 1933) is a British naval officer who served as Chief of the Naval Staff and First Sea Lord from 1989 to 1993. ... Admiral of the Fleet Sir David Benjamin Bathurst, GCB, ADC (born 1936) is a Royal Navy officer who served as Chief of the Naval Staff and First Sea Lord during the early 1990s. ... Admiral Sir Jock Slater GCB, LVO (born March 27, 1938). ... Admiral Lord Boyce, courtesy of http://www. ... Admiral Sir Nigel Essenhigh, Royal Navy, is a British admiral who served as First Sea Lord of the Royal Navy from 2001-2002. ... Admiral Alan William John West, Baron West of Spithead, GCB, DSC (born 21 April 1948) is a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the British Home Office, with responsibility for Security. ... Admiral Sir Jonathon Band, KCB, ADC,BSc(Exon), (born 1950), since 2006, is the First Sea Lord of the United Kingdom, the most senior serving officer in the Royal Navy. ...

v • d • e Indian Independence Movement
History	Colonisation · British East India Company · Plassey · Buxar · British India · French India · Portuguese India · more The Indian Independence Movement was a series of revolutions empowered by the people of India put forth to battle the British Empire for complete political independence, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ... It has been suggested that European colonies in India be merged into this article or section. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... Combatants British East India Company Siraj Ud Daulah (Nawab of Bengal), La Compagnie des Indes Orientales Commanders Colonel Robert Clive (later Governor of Bengal and Baron of Plassey) Mir Jafar Ali Khan, defected (Commander-in-chief of the Nawab), M. Sinfray (French Secretary to the Council) Strength 2,200 European... Combatants Bengal, British East India Company Commanders Mir Kasim, Hector Munro Strength 40,000 infantry, 18,000 infantry, Casualties high low Battle of Buxar (October 1764) was a significant battle fought between the forces under the command of the British East India Company on the one side, and the combined... Anthem God Save The King The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (until 1912), New Delhi (after 1912) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy²  - 1858... French India is highlighted in light blue on the subcontinent. ... Portuguese India evolution Capital Cochin (1510-1530); Nova Goa Language(s) Portuguese Political structure Ultramarine Province King President  - 1511-1521 Manuel I  - 1958-1961 Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás Viceroy  - 1505-1509 Francisco de Almeida (first)  - 1827-1835 Manuel de Portugal e Castro (last) Governor-general  - 1509-1515...
Philosophies and ideologies	Indian nationalism · Swaraj · Gandhism · Satyagraha · Hindu nationalism · Indian Muslim nationalism · Swadeshi · Socialism · Khilafat_Movement Image File history File links Gandhi_Salt_March. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3496x2418, 835 KB) en: Gandhi during the Salt March, March 1930. ... Image File history File links 1931_Flag_of_India. ... Image File history File links AzadHindFlag. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Self rule is the term used to described a people or group being able to exercise all of the necessary functions of power without intervention from any authority which they cannot themselves alter. ... Gandhism (or Gandhi-ism) is an informal reference to the vision, core inspirations, principles, beliefs and philosophy of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian Independence Movement. ... Mohandas Karamchand “Mahatma” Gandhi, who developed Satyagraha Satyagraha (Sanskrit: सत्याग्रह satyāgraha) is a philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance developed by Mohandas K. Gandhi. ... Hindu nationalism is a nationalist ideology that sees the modern state of the Republic of India as a Hindu polity [1] (Hindu Rashtra), and seeks to preserve the Hindu heritage. ... Indian Muslim nationalism refers to the political and cultural expression of nationalism, founded upon the religious tenets and identity of Islam, of the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent. ... Swadeshi is the Indian term for the boycott of British goods. ... Socialism is a broad array of ideologies and political movements with the goal of a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community for the purposes of increasing social and economic equality and cooperation. ... The Khilafat Movement (1919-1924) was a movement amongst the Muslims of British India (the largest single Muslim community in one geo-political entity at the time) to ensure that the British, victors of World War I, kept a promise made at the Versailles. ...
Events and movements	Rebellion of 1857 · Partition of Bengal · Revolutionaries · Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy · The Indian Sociologist · Ghadar Conspiracy · Champaran and Kheda · Jallianwala Bagh Massacre · Non-Cooperation · Flag Satyagraha · Bardoli · 1928 Protests · Nehru Report · Purna Swaraj · Salt Satyagraha · Act of 1935 · Legion Freies Indien · Cripps' mission · Quit India · Indian National Army · Bombay Mutiny · Coup d'État de Yanaon Combatants Rebellious East India Company Sepoys, 7 Indian princely states, deposed rulers of Oudh, Jhansi and smaller states in region, Civilians from rebellious regions. ... The Indian Independence Movement was a series of revolutions empowered by the people of India put forth to battle the British Empire for complete political independence, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ... Revolutionary movement for Indian independence is often a less-highlighted aspect of Indian independence movement - the underground revolutionary factions. ... The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to a conspiracy in 1912 to assasinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. ... The Indian Sociologist (TIS) was an important Indian nationalist publication in the early nineteenth century. ... The Hindu-German Conspiracy(i), also known as the Hindu Conspiracy, the Indo-German Conspiracy or the Ghadar conspiracy refers to plans between Indian Nationalists in India, United States and Germany, the Irish Republicans, and the German Foreign office to initiate a Pan-Indian rebellion against The Raj with German... The first Satyagraha revolutions inspired by Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian Independence Movement occurred in Kheda district of Gujarat and the Champaran district of Bihar between the years of 1918 and 1919. ... The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, also known as the Amritsar Massacre, was named after the Jallianwala Bagh (Garden) in the northern Indian city of Amritsar, where, on April 13, 1919, British Indian Army soldiers under the command of Brigadier Reginald Dyer opened fire on an unarmed gathering of men, women and... ... Flag Satyagraha is a term that describes campaigns of peaceful civil disobedience during the Indian independence movement that focused on exercising the right and freedom to hoist the nationalist flag and challenge the legitimacy of British Raj in India through the defiance of laws prohibiting the hoisting of nationalist flags... The Bardoli Satyagraha of 1925 in the state of Gujarat, India during the British Raj was a major episode of civil disobedience and revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. ... The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in that colony. ... The Nehru Report (1928) was a memorandum outlining a proposed new Dominion (see dominion status) constitution for India. ... The flag adopted in 1931 and used by the Provisional Government of Free India during the Second World War. ... Scenes on the eve of the Salt Satyagraha, Gandhis famous 240 mile march on foot to the sea at Dandi. ... 24. ... The Legion Freies Indien, or the Indische Freiwilligen-Legion Regiment 950 variously known as the Tiger Legion, the Free India Legion (in English), The Azad Hind Legion, or the I.R 950 (Indisches Infanterie Regiment 950) was an Indian armed unit raised in 1941 attached to the Wehrmacht, ostensibly according... Sir Stafford Cripps Mission was an attempt in late March of 1942 by the British War Cabinet to secure Indian cooperation and support for their efforts in World War II. Led by Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, the majority Indian National Congress and its supporters were engaged in a program of... The Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan or the August Movement) was a civil disobedience movement in India launched in August 1942 in response to Mahatma Gandhis call for immediate independence of India. ... The Indian National Army (I.N.A) or Azad Hind Fauj was the army of the Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind (The Provisional Government of Free India ) which fought along with the Japanese 15th Army during the Japanese Campaign in Burma, and in the Battle of Imphal, during the Second... The Bombay Mutiny was the mutiny of the Royal Indian Navy in Bombay (Mumbai) harbour on 21 February 1946. ... now. ...
Organisations	Indian National Congress · Anushilan Samiti · Jugantar · India House · Berlin Committee · Ghadar · Home Rule · Khudai Khidmatgar · Hindustan Republican Association · Swaraj Party · Indian Independence League  · Azad Hind · more The flag adopted in 1931 and used by the Provisional Government of Free India during the Second World War. ... Anushilan Samiti was the principal secret revolutionary organisation operating in Bengal in the first quarter of the 20th century. ... Jugantar or Yugantar (nearest English word epoch-making) was one of the secret revolutionary organisations operating in Bengal for Indian independence. ... The India House was an informal addage to describe the residence of many Indian students in England. ... The Berlin Committee, known as the The Indian Independence Committee (German: ) after 1915, was an organisation formed in Germany in 1914 during World War I by Indian students and political activists residing in the country. ... The Ghadar Party was an organization founded by the Indians(mostly Punjabis, of the United States and Canada in June, 1913 with the aim to liberate India from British rule. ... Home Rule flag The Home Rule Movement was formed by Annie Besant and Lokmanya Tilak with the aim of seeking a Dominion status within the British Empire to the Indian Empire in 1917. ... An old red shirt activist, picture taken by Mukulika Banerjee: The Pathan Unarmed Khudai Khidmatgar (Pashto: خدای خدمتگر) literally translates as the servants of God. ... The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), known as the Hindustan Republican Association until 1928, was an Indian independence association led by revolutionaries Bhagat Singh and Chandrasekar Azad. ... Swaraj Party, a political party of colonial India, was organized in 1923 by Deshbandhu Chitaranjan Das (1870-1925) and Motilal Nehru (1861-1931), to participate in legislative councils. ... The Indian Independence League (also known as IIL) was a political organisation operated from the 1920s to the 1940s to organize those living outside of India into seeking the removal of British colonial rule over India. ... Flag of the Provisional Government of Free India. ...
Indian leaders and activists	Mangal Pandey · Rani of Jhansi · Bal Gangadhar Tilak · Gopal Krishna Gokhale · Dadabhai Naoroji · Bhikaji Cama · Shyamji Krishna Varma · Har Dayal · Lala Lajpat Rai · Bipin Chandra Pal · Rash Behari Bose · Mahatma Gandhi · M. Ali Jinnah · Sardar Patel · Chittaranjan Das · Subhash Chandra Bose · Badshah Khan · Jawaharlal Nehru · Maulana Azad · Chandrasekhar Azad · Rajaji · Bhagat Singh · Sarojini Naidu · Purushottam Das Tandon · Tanguturi Prakasam · Alluri Sitaramaraju · more For the Hindi film of the same name, see The Rising (Indian film). ... Lakshmibai, The Rani of Jhansi (c. ... Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1856 - 1920), was an Indian nationalist, social reformer and freedom fighter who was the first popular leader of the Indian Independence Movement. ... Gopal Krishna Gokhale (गोपाल कृष्‍ण गोखले) born May 9, 1866, in Kolhat, Maharashtra, India was one of the founding social and political leaders during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Empire in India. ... Statue of Naoroji in Mumbai Dadabhai Naoroji (6 September 1825 – 30 June 1917) was a Parsi intellectual, educator, cotton trader, and an early Indian political leader. ... Bhikaji Rustom Cama (Madam Cama, Madame Cama) (September 24, 1861-August 13, 1936) was a prominent figure in the Indian Nationalist Movement. ... Shyamji Krishna Varma (1857-1930) was an Indian nationalist. ... Har Dayal (b. ... Lala Lajpat Rai was an Indian author and politician who is chiefly remembered as a leader in the Indian fight for freedom from the British Raj. ... He was one of the trilogy of the three Extremist patriots of the Indian National Congress who had fought and gave his life during Indias freedom struggle in the first half of the twentieth century. ... Rashbehari Bose (1885-1945) was a revolutionary leader against the British Raj in India and was one of the organisers of the Indian National Army. ... “Gandhi” redirects here. ... office: 1st Governor-General of Pakistan Term of office: August 14, 1947 – September 11, 1948 Succeeded by: Khawaja Nazimuddin Date of birth: December 25, 1876 Place of birth: Wazir Mansion, Karachi Wives: Emibai 1892–1893, Rattanbai Petit 1918–1929 Children: daughter Dina Wadia Date of Death: September 11, 1948 Place... Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel (October 31, 1875–December 15, 1950), popularly referred to as Sardar Patel, was an Indian statesman, an important leader of the Indian National Congress and the deputy Prime Minister in the first cabinet of Independent India. ... Chittaranjan Das (C.R.Das) (popularly called Deshbandhu) (November 25, 1870 - June 16, 1925) was a Bengali lawyer and a major figure in the Indian independence movement. ... Subhash Chandra Bose, (Bangla: নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু ( सुभाष चदंर वसु ) Shubhash Chôndro Boshu) (January 23, 1897 – presumably August 18, 1945 [although this is disputed]note), also known as Netaji, was one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian Independence Movement against the British Raj and was a prominent supporter of the Axis dictatorships as... Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (also known as Bacha Khan) (1890 - January 20, 1988) was a Pathan political and spiritual leader known for his nonviolent opposition to British rule during the final years of the Empire on the Indian sub-continent. ... Jawaharlal Nehru (Hindi: , IPA: , from Persian Javâher-e Laal, meaning Red Jewel) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964) was a political leader of the Indian National Congress, a pivotal figure in the Indian independence movement and the first Prime Minister of Independent India. ... Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (1888 - August 1958) was a freedom fighter in Indias struggle for Independence from Britain. ... Chandrasekhar Azad चंद्रशेखर आजाद (July 23, 1906 – February 27, 1931) was an Indian revolutionary and the mentor of Bhagat Singh. ... Rajaji Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (December 1878 - December 25, 1972), known as or Rajaji or C.R., was an Indian lawyer, writer, statesman and a Hindu spiritualist. ... Bhagat Singh (Punjabi,Gurmukhi: ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ) (Urdu-Shahmukhi: ) (September 28,[1] 1907–March 23, 1931) was an Indian freedom fighter, considered to be one of the most famous revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. ... Sarojini Naidu (February 13, 1879 - March 2, 1949), known as Bharatiya Kokila (The Nightingale of India), was a child prodigy, freedom fighter, and poet. ... Purushottam Das Tandon (August 1, 1882 – July 1, 1962), was a freedom fighter, social reformer and national political leader of India. ... Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu (Telugu: టంగుటూరి ప్రకాశం పంతులు b. ... Image:D:Alluri Sitarama raju. ...
British Raj	Robert Clive · James Outram · Dalhousie · Irwin · Linlithgow · Wavell · Stafford Cripps · Mountbatten · more
Independence	Cabinet Mission · Indian Independence Act · Partition of India · Political integration · Constitution · Republic of India Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, meeting with Mir Jafar after Plassey, by Francis Hayman Major-General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive of Plassey, KB (29 September 1725 - 22 November 1774), also known as Clive of India, was the soldier of fortune and commander who established the military supremacy of the... Sir James Outram Sir James Outram (January 29, 1803-March 11, 1863), English general, and one of the heroes of the Indian Mutiny, was the son of Benjamin Outram of Butterley Hall, Derbyshire, civil engineer. ... James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess and 10th Earl of Dalhousie (April 22, 1812–December 19, 1860) was a British statesman, and a colonial administrator in India. ... Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, KG, OM, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC (16 April 1881–23 December 1959), known as The Lord Irwin from 1925 until 1934 and as The Viscount Halifax from 1934 until 1944, was a British Conservative politician. ... Victor Alexander John Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow (24 September 1887 - 5 January 1952) was a British statesman who served as Viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943. ... Field Marshal Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell, GCB, GCSI, GCIE, CMG, MC, PC (May 5, 1883 – May 24, 1950) was a British field marshal and the commander of British Army forces in the Middle East during World War II. He led British forces to victory over the Italians, only... Sir Richard Stafford Cripps (24 April 1889 – 21 April 1952) was a British Labour politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer for several years after the Second World War. ... The British Cabinet Mission of 1946 to India aimed to discuss and finalize plans for the transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership, providing India with independence under Dominion status in the Commonwealth of Nations. ... 1. ... This article is under construction. ... Current political map of India showing states and territories. ...