Louis-Philippe-Joseph d'Orléans, by Antoine-François Callet.

Louis Philippe Joseph, duc d'Orléans ( April 13 is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). There are 262 days remaining. It is also the Ides of April. Events 1055 - Victor II is consecrated pope 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor 1180 - Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen... April 13, Events January 31 - The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Dock Hospital April 9 - The Scottish Jacobite Lord Lovat was beheaded by axe on Tower Hill, London, for high treason; he was the last man to be executed in this way in Britain May 3 - Battle of Cape Finisterre... 1747 - November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. From September 23, there are 88 days in a fall (autumn) season. We are considered halfway through fall (autumn) on November 6. Events 1528 - Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar N... November 6, 1793 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). Events January 2 - Russia and Prussia partition Poland January 9 - Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fly in a balloon in the United States. January 21 - After being found guilty of treason by the French Convention, Citizen... 1793), called Philippe Égalité, was a member of a cadet branch of the This article or section should include material from France: Wars of Religion - Bourbon Dynasty. The House of Bourbon dates from at least the beginning of the 13th century, when the estate of Bourbon was ruled by a Lord, vassal of France. With the course of time, the House of Bourbon... House of Bourbon, the dynasty then ruling The French Republic or France ( French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. France is a democracy organised as a... France. He actively supported the The period of the French Revolution in the history of France covers the years between 1789 and 1799, in which democrats and republicans overthrew the absolute monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church was forced to undergo radical restructuring. While France would oscillate among republic, empire, and monarchy for 75 years... French Revolution, but was nonetheless Public guillotining in Lons-le-Saunier, 1878 The guillotine is a machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame (approx 4m high) from which is suspended a heavy triangular blade (approx 40kg). The blade is hauled to the top of the... guillotined during the The Reign of Terror (June 1793 - July 1794) was a period in the French Revolution characterized by brutal repression. The Terror (see also state terrorism) originated with a highly centralized political regime that suspended most of the democratic achievements of the Revolution, and intended to pursue the Revolution on social... Reign of Terror. His son Louis-Philippe of France (October 6, 1773–August 26, 1850), served as the Orleanist king of the French from 1830 to 1848. Born in Paris, Louis-Philippe, as the son of Louis Philippe Joseph, duc dOrl ans (known as Philippe galit ), descended directly from King Louis XIII. During... Louis-Philippe became king of The French Republic or France ( French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. France is a democracy organised as a... France in the Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution, was a revolt by the middle class against Bourbon King Charles X which forced him out of office and replaced him with the Orleanist King Louis-Philippe... July Revolution of 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). Events February 3 - The previously autonomous state of Greece gains full independence from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence. Negotiations for the borders between the two states continue until 1832, under... 1830.

Philippe Égalité was son of Louis Philippe, duc d'Orléans, and of Louise Henriette of Bourbon-Conti, and was born at Château de Saint Cloud, in Saint Cloud or St. Cloud may refer to: Saint Cloud, also known as Clodoald, was a son of the Frankish king Chlodomer Saint-Cloud, a town in France St. Cloud is the also name of several places in the United States of America: St. Cloud, Florida St. Cloud, Minnesota St... Saint-Cloud, France. Having borne the title of Duke of Montpensier until his grandfather's death in Events February 11 - Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the US, is opened. March 23 - The Halifax Gazette, the first Canadian newspaper June 15 - Benjamin Franklin proves that lightning is electricity (kite + key + lightning) September 14 - The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, making it necessary to skip eleven days... 1752, he became Duke of Chartres, and in Events Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen exhibits the Mechanical Turk, a chess-playing machine May 14 - Charles III of Spain sends Spanish missionaries, who found California missions in San Diego, Santa Barbara, San Francisco and Monterey and begin the settlement of California. Famine in Bengal kills 10 million people, a third... 1769 married Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre(b.1753-d.1821), daughter and heiress of Louis Jean Marie Duke of Penthièvre, grand The word admiral comes from the Arabic term amir-al-bahr meaning commander of the seas. Crusaders learned the term during their encounters with the Arabs, perhaps as early as the 11th century. The Sicilians and later Genoese took the first two parts of the term and used them as... admiral of France, and the richest heiress of the time. Her wealth made it certain that he would be the richest man in France, and he determined to play a part equal to that of his great-grandfather Philip II, Duke of Orléans ( For the insecticide Regent, see Regent (insecticide) A regent is an acting governor. In a monarchy, a regent usually rules due to the actual monarchs absence, incapacity, or minority. In the case of Finland and Hungary, military officers served as regents in the absence of a monarch, while in... regent during the minority of Louis XV King of France and Navarre Louis XV (February 15, 1710 - May 10, 1774), called the Well-Beloved (French: le Bien-Aimé), was king of France from 1715 to 1774. Miraculously surviving the death of his entire family, he was beloved by Frenchmen in the beginning of his reign... Louis XV), whom (in the words of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica) "he resembled in character and debauchery."

As duke of Chartres he opposed the plans of Maupeou in Events January 22 - Spain cedes the Falkland Islands to England. July 17 - Massacre at Bloody Falls: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his arctic overland journey, massacre a group of unsuspecting Inuit. September 8 - In California, Fathers Pedro Cambon and Angel Somera found Mission San... 1771, and was promptly exiled to his country estate of Villers-Côtterets ( Aisne is a département in the northern part of France named after the Aisne River. History Aisne was one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Île de France, Picardy... Aisne). When Louis XVI Louis XVI (August 23, 1754 - January 21, 1793), was King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then King of the French in 1791-1792. Suspended and arrested during the insurrection of the 10th of August, he was tried by the National Convention, found guilty of... Louis XVI came to the throne in Events January 21 - Mustafa III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire dies and is succeeded by his brother Abd-ul-Hamid I. May 10 - Louis XVI becomes King of France. June 2 - Intolerable Acts: The Quartering Act, requiring American colonists to let British soldiers into their homes, is reenacted. July 21... 1774 Chartres still found himself looked on coldly at court; Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France and Archduchess of Austria (born November 1755 – executed 16 October 1793) Daughter of Maria Theresa of Austria, wife of Louis XVI and mother of Louis XVII. She was guillotined at the height of the French Revolution. In a recent survey, she was voted the... Marie Antoinette hated him for his treachery, hypocrisy and selfishness. He was not slow to return her hatred with scorn. In Events The term Thoroughbred was first used in the United States in an advertisement in a Kentucky gazette to describe a New Jersey stallion called Pilgarlick . January 18 - Third Pacific expedition of Capt. James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, first view Oahu then Kauai in... 1778 he served in the squadron of D'Orvilliers, and was present in the naval The First Battle of Ushant, July 27, 1778, was a naval battle of the American Revolutionary War, fought between the French and British navies 100 miles west of the isle of Ile dOuessant (Ushant to the English), a French island at the mouth of the English Channel off the... battle of Ushant on July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. Events 1200-1899 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all... July 27, 1778. He hoped to see further service, but the queen was opposed to this. He was removed from the navy due in part to the queen's hatred of him, but also due to his own incompetence and cowardice. As compensation, he was given the honorary post of colonel-general of Polish Hussar Hussar (original Hungarian spelling: huszár, plural huszárok) refers to a number of types of cavalry used throughout Europe since the 15th century. Today for traditional reasons some military units tracing their history to medieval times have hussar as part of their names. History Light hussars Kircholm... hussars.

He then abandoned himself to pleasure; he often visited London — containing the City of London — is the capital of the United Kingdom and of England and a major world city. With over seven million inhabitants (Londoners) in Greater London area, it is amongst the most densely populated areas in Western Europe. Founded as Londinium, the capital of... London, and became an intimate friend of the prince of Wales (afterwards George IV King of the United Kingdom George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762–26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom and Hanover from 29 January 1820. He had earlier served as Prince Regent when his father, George III, suffered from a relapse into insanity from... George IV); he brought to Paris the "anglo-mania," as it was called, and made jockeys as fashionable as they were in Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Official language None; English is de facto Capital London Capitals coordinates 51° 30 N, 0° 10 W Largest city London Area  - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 1st UK... England. He also made himself very popular in Paris by his large gifts to the poor in time of famine, and by throwing open the gardens of the Gardens of the Palais-Royal: The illustration, from an 1863 guide to Paris, enlarges the apparent scale. The modern planting keeps the central lawn, fountains and clipped trees. The Palais-Royal is a palace and garden north of the Louvre in the Ier arrondissement of Paris. Opposite the north wing... Palais Royal to the people. Before the assembly of notables in 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). Events In Britain, Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharpthe Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade with support from John Wesley, Josiah Wedgwood and others. January 11 - William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus. February... 1787 he had succeeded his father as duke of Orleans, and showed his In politics, the term liberal refers to: an adherent of the ideology of liberalism or a state or quality of this ideology. (Note: the words liberal or liberalism can have different meanings in different countries and may also vary with the political background of the user. Therefore, the terms have... liberal ideas, which were largely learnt in England, so boldly that he was believed to be aiming at becoming A constitutional monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges a hereditary or elected monarch as head of state. Modern constitutional monarchies usually implement the concept of trias politica, and have the monarch as the (symbolic) head of the executive branch. Where a monarch holds... constitutional king of France. In November he again showed his liberalism in the lit de justice, which Etienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne Etienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne ( October 9, 1727 - 16 February 1794) was a French churchman and politician. He was born at Paris, of a Limousin family traceable back to the 15th century. After a brilliant career as a student... Brienne had made the king hold, and was again exiled to Villers-Côtterets.

The approaching convocation of the The Estates-General of 1789 was the first meeting of the French Estates-General, a general assembly consisting of representatives from all but the poorest segment of the French citizenry, since 1614. The independence which it displayed from the crown paved the way for the French Revolution. Background Among the... Estates-General made his friends very active on his behalf; he circulated in every bailliage the pamphlets which Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes, 1817, by Jacques-Louis David Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès ( May 3, 1748 - June 20, 1836) was a French abbé and statesman, one of the chief theorists of the revolutionary and Napoleonic era. He was born at Fréjus in the south of France, and... the abbé Sieyès had drawn up at his request, and was elected in three - by the noblesse of Paris, Villers-Côtterets and Crépy-en-Valois. In the In France of the ancien régime and the age of the French Revolution, the term Second Estate (Fr. second état) indicated the nobility and (technically, though not in common use) royalty, the First Estate were the clergy, and the rest of the population constituted the Third Estate. From these... estate of the nobility he headed the liberal minority under the guidance of Adrien Duport (1759 - 1798) was a French politician. He was born in Paris. He became an influential advocate in the parlement, and was prominent in opposition to the ministers Calonne and Loménie de Brienne. Elected in 1789 to the states_general by the Paris nobility, he displayed remarkable eloquence. As... Adrien Duport, and led the minority of forty-seven noblemen who seceded from their own estate (June 1789) and joined the In France of the ancien régime and the age of the French Revolution, the term Third Estate (tiers état) indicated the generality of people which were not part of the clergy (the First Estate) nor of the nobility (the Second Estate). From these terms came the name of the... Third Estate. The part he played during the summer of 1789 is one of the most debated points in the history of the French Revolution. The royal court accused him of being at the bottom of every popular movement, and saw the "gold of Orleans" as the cause of the Reveillon riot and the The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 was an important development in, and later a symbol of, the French Revolution. Though at the time the Bastille contained only seven prisoners, its taking marked the beginning of open rebellion against the king. The anniversary of the event is still... storming of the Bastille, as the In a broad definition a republic is a state or country that is led by people that dont found their power status on any principle beyond the control of the people living in that state or country. This definition encompasses most of the specific definitions that are (or were... republicans later saw the "gold of William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759–23 January 1806) was a British politician during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. He served as Prime Minister from 1783 to 1801, and again from 1804 until his death. He is known as William Pitt the Younger to distinguish him... Pitt" in every germ of opposition to themselves. There can be no doubt that he hated the queen, and bitterly resented his long disgrace at court, and also that he sincerely wished for a thorough reform of the government and the establishment of some such constitution as that of England; and no doubt such friends as Adrien Duport and Pierre Ambrose Choderlos de Laclos, a French official and army general, was born on October 18, 1741 in Amiens, France and died in Taranto, Italy on September 5, 1803. He is most famously remembered for his epistolary novel, Les Liaisons dangereuses (Dangerous Liaisons) a classic celebrated for its exploration of... Choderlos de Laclos, for their own reasons, wished to see him king of France.

The best testimony for the behaviour of Orléans during this summer is the testimony of a Scottish lady, Mrs. Grace Elliott , Grace Dalrymple Elliott (1754? - 1823) was a British courtesan who was resident in France at the time of the French Revolution and an eyewitness to events. She was once mistress of the Duke of Orléans who was cousin to King Louis XVI. She was arrested and held... Grace Dalrymple Elliott, who shared his heart with the comtesse de Buffon, and from which it is absolutely certain that at the time of the riot of July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. Events 1500-1599 1573 - Spanish forces under the Duke of Alva capture Haarlem after a seven month siege. 1600-1899 1690 - William of Oranges army wins the Battle... July 12 he was on a fishing excursion, and was rudely treated by the king on the next day when going to offer him his services. He indeed became so disgusted with the false position of a pretender to the crown, into which he was being forced, that he wished to go to the The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America¹, the States, or (archaically) Columbia — is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii... United States, but, as the comtesse de Buffon would not go with him, he decided to remain in Paris. He was again accused, unjustly, of having caused the The French Revolution was a period in the history of France covering the years 1789 to 1799, in which republicans overthrew the Bourbon monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. This article covers the year following the storming of the Bastille, from the abolition of feudalism (August... march of the women to Versailles on October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). There are 87 days remaining. It is also the most populous birthday of the year in the US statistically. Events 1500-1899 1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in... October 5. Marie-Joseph-Paul-Roch-Yves-Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette (September 6, 1757–May 20, 1834), was a French aristocrat most famous for his participation in the American Revolutionary War and early French Revolution. La Fayette is considered a national hero in both France and the United... Lafayette, jealous of his popularity, persuaded the king to send the duke to England on a mission, and thus get him out of France, and he accordingly remained in England from October 1789 to July 1790. On July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 177 days remaining. Events 1456 - Joan of Arc is acquitted of heresy (but she had already been executed). 1534 - European colonization of the Americas: First known exchange between Europeans and natives of... July 7 he took his seat in the During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Constituent Assembly which existed from June 17 to July 9 of 1789. Background The Estates-General had been called in May of 1789 to deal with Frances... National Assembly (which reformed as the The National Constituent Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on July 9, 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. It dissolved September 30, 1791, succeeded by the Legislative Assembly. Background The Estates-General of 1789, which convened on May 5, had reached... National Constituent Assembly two days later), and on October 2nd is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. Events 1100-1899 1187 - Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule. 1535 - Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec. 1780 - American Revolutionary War: British spy John Andre is hanged... October 2 both he and Portrait of Mirabeau Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau, (often referred to simply as Mirabeau) ( March 9, 1749 - April 2, 1791) was a French writer, popular orator and statesman. During the French Revolution, he was a moderate, favored a constitutional monarchy built on the model of Great Britain, and... Mirabeau were declared by the Assembly entirely free of any complicity in the events of October.

He now tried to keep himself as much out of the political world as possible, but in vain, for the court would suspect him, and his friends would talk about his being king. The best proof of his not being ambitious of such a doubtful piece of preferment is that he made no attempt to get himself made king, regent or lieutenant-general of the kingdom at the time of the The Flight to Varennes (June 20-21, 1791) forms a dramatic, romantic and symbolic event in the history of the French Revolution. The failure of the French royal family to escape abroad ultimately sealed their fate as proven non-supporters of the reforms and ultimately as convicted enemies of the... flight to Varennes in June 1791. He, on the contrary, again tried to make his peace with the court in January 1792, but he was so insulted that he was not encouraged to sacrifice himself for the sake of the king and queen, who persisted in remembering all old enmities in their time of trouble. In the summer of 1792 he was present for a short time with the army of the north, with his two sons, the duke of Chartres and the duke of The French lordship of Montpensier (départment of Puy-de-Dôme), which became a countship in the 14th century, was sold in 1384 by Bernard and Robert de Ventadour to John, duke of Berry, whose daughter Marie brought the countship to her husband, John I, Duke of Bourbon, in... Montpensier, but had returned to Paris before On August 10, 1792, during the French Revolution, a mob – with the backing of a new municipal government of Paris that came to be known as the insurrectionary Paris Commune – besieged the Tuileries palace. King Louis XVI and the royal family took shelter with the Legislative Assembly. This... the insurrection of August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 143 days remaining. The term the 10th of August is widely used by historians as a shorthand for the Storming of the Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792, the effective end... August 10.

After that day he underwent great personal risk in saving fugitives; in particular, he saved the life of the count of Champcenetz, the governor of the Up to 1871 the Tuileries Palace was a palace in Paris, France, on the right bank of the River Seine. After the death of Henry II of France in 1559, his widow, Catherine de Medici (1519-1589) planned a new palace. She began the building of the palace of Tuileries... Tuileries, who was his personal enemy, at the request of Mrs. Elliott. It was impossible for him to recede, and, after accepting the title of "Citoyen Égalité", conferred on him by the The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795, and especially from 1792 until 1795. Established in the Hôtel de Ville just after the storming of the Bastille, the Commune became insurrectionary, essentially refusing to take orders from the central French government... commune of Paris, he was elected twentieth and last deputy for Paris to the This article is about a legislative body and constitutional convention during the French Revolution. The term national convention also refers, in the United States, to the presidential nominating conventions. During the French Revolution, the National Convention or Convention, in France, comprised the constitutional and legislative assembly which sat from September... Convention. In that body he sat as quietly as he had done in the National Assembly, but on the occasion of the king's trial he had to speak, and then only to give his vote for the death of Louis. His compliance did not save him from suspicion, which was especially aroused by the friendship of his eldest son, the duke of Chartres, with Charles François Dumouriez Charles François Dumouriez ( January 25, 1739 - March 14, 1823) was a French general. Dumouriez was born in Cambrai. His father served as a commissary of the royal army, and educated his son most carefully and widely. The boy continued his studies at the... Dumouriez, and when the news of the desertion of Chartres with Dumouriez became known at Paris all the Bourbons left in France, including Égalité, were ordered to be arrested on April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). There are 270 days remaining. Events 1242 - During a battle on the ice of Chudskoye Lake, Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. 1614 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries... April 5. He remained in prison till the month of October, when the The Reign of Terror (June 1793 - July 1794) was a period in the French Revolution characterized by brutal repression. The Terror (see also state terrorism) originated with a highly centralized political regime that suspended most of the democratic achievements of the Revolution, and intended to pursue the Revolution on social... Reign of Terror began. He was naturally the very sort of victim wanted, and he was decreed "of accusation" on 3rd October Organization is also the name of a Marxist terrorist group . External links BBC: On This Day October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in Leap years). There are 89 days remaining in the year. Events 2400 BC - AD 1899 2333 BC - Legendary date of the... October 3. He was tried on November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. From September 23, there are 88 days in a fall (autumn) season. We are considered halfway through fall (autumn) on November 6. Events 1528 - Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar N... November 6 and was Public guillotining in Lons-le-Saunier, 1878 The guillotine is a machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame (approx 4m high) from which is suspended a heavy triangular blade (approx 40kg). The blade is hauled to the top of the... guillotined on the same day, with a smile upon his lips and without any appearance of fear.

The 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica writes, "No man ever was more blamed than Orléans during the Revolution, but the faults of ambition and intrigue were his friends', not his own; it was his friends who wished him to be on the throne. Personally he possessed the charming manners of a polished grand seigneur: debauched and cynical, but never rude or cruel, full of gentle consideration for all about him but selfish in his pursuit of pleasure, he has had to bear a heavy load of blame, but it is ridiculous to describe the idle and courteous voluptuary as being a dark and designing scoundrel, capable of murder if it would serve his ambition. The execution of Philippe Égalité made the friend of Dumouriez, who was living in exile, duke of Orleans."

Marriage and children

He married Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre at the Versailles: Louis Le Vau opened up the interior court to create the expansive entrance cour dhonneur, later copied all over Europe The Château de Versailles — often called the Palace of Versailles, or simply Versailles — is a royal château, outside the gates of which... Palace of Versailles, on June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. Events 1508 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three year truce and cede several territories to Venice... June 6, Events Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen exhibits the Mechanical Turk, a chess-playing machine May 14 - Charles III of Spain sends Spanish missionaries, who found California missions in San Diego, Santa Barbara, San Francisco and Monterey and begin the settlement of California. Famine in Bengal kills 10 million people, a third... 1769. Their children included:

• Louis-Philippe of France (October 6, 1773–August 26, 1850), served as the Orleanist king of the French from 1830 to 1848. Born in Paris, Louis-Philippe, as the son of Louis Philippe Joseph, duc dOrl ans (known as Philippe galit ), descended directly from King Louis XIII. During... Louis-Philippe ( Events January 12 - The first American museum open to the public is opened in (Charleston, South Carolina). January 17 - Captain James Cook becomes the first European explorer to cross the Antarctic Circle April 27 or May 10 - The British Parliament passes the Tea Act, designed to save the British East... 1773- Events January 4 - The first American ice-skating club is formed (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). January 29 - Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the U.S. Congress February 28 - University of Utah opens in Salt Lake City, Utah March 7 - United States Senator Daniel Webster gives his Seventh of March... 1850), This article treats the generic title monarch. For the origins of the word king and its English use, see Germanic king. For other meanings of the word, see Monarch (disambiguation) A monarch is a type of ruler or head of state. The word derives from Greek monos archein, meaning one... king of the French from 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). Events February 3 - The previously autonomous state of Greece gains full independence from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence. Negotiations for the borders between the two states continue until 1832, under... 1830 to 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). Events Monument for the leaders of the 1848 Matale rebellion, Sri Lanka The Revolution of 1848 (qv.), a series of widespread but failed struggles for more liberal governments, from Brazil to Hungary. January 24 - California gold... 1848
• Antoine Philippe d'Orléans ( Events February 9 - American Revolutionary War: British Parliament declares Massachusetts in rebellion March 23 - American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech - give me liberty or give me death in Williamsburg, Virginia. April 14 - American Revolutionary War: Massachusetts Governor Gage is secretly ordered by the British to enforce the Coercive... 1775- 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). Events February - Napoleon attacks Russia February 6 - Naval Engagement February 8 - Battle of Eylau - Napoleon defeats Russians under General Benigssen February 19 - In Alabama, Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr is arrested for treason. March... 1807), The French lordship of Montpensier (départment of Puy-de-Dôme), which became a countship in the 14th century, was sold in 1384 by Bernard and Robert de Ventadour to John, duke of Berry, whose daughter Marie brought the countship to her husband, John I, Duke of Bourbon, in... Duc de Montpensier died during exile.
• Louise Marie Adelaide Eugènie d'Orléans ( Events The Cornish language died out 2nd edition of Encyclopædia Britannica published January 3 - American general George Washington defeats British general Charles Cornwallis at the Battle of Princeton. January 12 - Mission Santa Clara de Asís is founded in what is now Santa Clara, California January 16 - Vermont declares... 1777- Events January January 4 - Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government. January 13 - The Treaty of Cahuenga ends the Mexican-American War in California. January 16 - John C. Fremont is appointed Governor of the new California Territory. January 30 - Yerba Buena, California is renamed San... 1847)
• daughter ( Events The Cornish language died out 2nd edition of Encyclopædia Britannica published January 3 - American general George Washington defeats British general Charles Cornwallis at the Battle of Princeton. January 12 - Mission Santa Clara de Asís is founded in what is now Santa Clara, California January 16 - Vermont declares... 1777- Events January 7 - The first American commercial bank opens (Bank of North America). January 15 - Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage February 5 - Spanish defeat British forces and capture Minorca. March 8 - In Ohio the... 1782) a twin of the above.
• Louis Charles Alphonse Leodégard d'Orléans ( Events The Iron Bridge is completed across the Severn river in Shropshire; the first all cast-iron bridge ever constructed. Boulton and Watts Smethwick Engine, now the oldest working engine in the world, is brought into service. The city of Tampere is founded in Finland. May 13 - War of... 1779- Events January 1 - Importation of slaves into the United States is banned February 11 - Russia issues an ultimatum to France, Finland. March 26 - Charles IV of Spain abdicates in favor of his son, Ferdinand VII April 6 - John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company. May 2 - Peninsular War: The... 1808), Comte du Beaujolais died during exile.

See also

• Ducs de Nemours, 1404 Charles dEvreux, 1st Duc de Nemours (1361-1425) Beatrix dEvreux, 2nd Duchesse de Nemours (b. 1392) Eleonore de Bourbon-La Marche, 3rd Duchesse de Nemours (1412-1462) Jacques dArmagnac, 4th Duc de Nemours (1437-1477) Jean dArmagnac, 5th Duc de Nemours (1467... Duc de Nemours
• Grace Elliott , Grace Dalrymple Elliott (1754? - 1823) was a British courtesan who was resident in France at the time of the French Revolution and an eyewitness to events. She was once mistress of the Duke of Orléans who was cousin to King Louis XVI. She was arrested and held... Grace Elliott
• Maria Stella (? - December 23, 1843) the self-styled legitimate daughter of Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans. According to her, Louis-Philippe was not the son of Philip duke of Orleans, but a suppositious child, his father being one Lorenzo Chiappini, constable at the village of Modigliana in Tuscany... Maria Stella

References

This article incorporates text from the The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. (Proprietary interest is typically represented by a copyright or patent.) Such works and inventions are considered part of... public domain The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. The edition is still often regarded as the greatest edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, with many articles being up to 10 times the length of... 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Please update as needed. The Britannica gives the following references:

• Baschet, Histoire de Philippe Égalité
• Journal of Mrs. Grace Elliott , Grace Dalrymple Elliott (1754? - 1823) was a British courtesan who was resident in France at the time of the French Revolution and an eyewitness to events. She was once mistress of the Duke of Orléans who was cousin to King Louis XVI. She was arrested and held... Grace Dalrymple Elliott (1859)
• A Nettement, Philippe-Égalité (Paris, 1842)
• Laurentie, Histoire des ducs d'Orleans (Paris, 1832)
• G Peignot, Précis historique de la maison d'Orleans (Paris, 1830)
• LC Rousselet, Correspondance de Louis-Philippe Joseph d'Orleans avec Louis XVI (Paris, 1800)
• Antoine de Rivarol (June 26, 1753 - April 11, 1801), was a French writer and epigrammatist. He was born at Bagnols in Languedoc. It seems that his father, an innkeeper, was a man of cultivated tastes. The son assumed the title of comte de Rivarol, and asserted his connection with a... Rivarol, Portrait du duc d'Orleans et de Madame de Genlis
• Tournois, Histoire du Louis Philippe Joseph duc d'Orleans (Paris, 1842).