Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart
Princess of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Portrait of Princess Louisa Maria by Alexis Simon Belle, 1704
Spouse	none
Full name
Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart
Detail Titles and styles
The Lady Louisa Maria The Princess Louisa Maria Teresa The Princess Royal
Royal house	House of Stuart
Father	James II and VII
Mother	Mary of Modena
Born	28 June 1692(1692-06-28) Château of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Died	18 April 1712 (aged 19) Chateau of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Burial	Church of the English Benedictines, Paris

Princess Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart (28 June 1692 – 18 April 1712), known to Jacobites as The Princess Royal, was the last child of the deposed King James II and VII (1633–1701) and of his Queen, Mary of Modena. In English, she was called Louisa Maria, in French Louise Marie. A Royal House or Dynasty is a sort of family name used by royalty. ... The Coat of Arms of King James I, the first British monarch of the House of Stuart The House of Stuart or Stewart was a royal house of the Kingdom of Scotland, later also of the Kingdom of England, and finally of the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701)[2] was King of England, King of Scots,[1] and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685 to 11 December 1688. ... Mary of Modena (October 5, 1658 – May 7, 1718) was the queen consort of King James II of England. ... is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. ... Château de Chenonceau in the Loire valley, France A rural château in France. ... Coordinates Administration Country Region ÃŽle-de-France Department Yvelines (sous-préfecture) Arrondissement Saint-Germain-en-Laye Canton Chief town of 2 cantons Intercommunality none as of 2005 Mayor Emmanuel Lamy (2001-2008) Statistics Altitude 22 m–107 m (avg. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholic and Protestants. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholic and Protestants. ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701)[2] was King of England, King of Scots,[1] and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685 to 11 December 1688. ... Mary of Modena (October 5, 1658 – May 7, 1718) was the queen consort of King James II of England. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

A Royal Stuart Society paper calls Louisa Maria the Princess over the Water, an allusion to the informal title King over the Water of the Jacobite pretenders, none of whom had any other legitimate daughters.^[1][2] Founded in 1926, the Royal Stuart Society is the senior monarchist organisation, and the foremost Jacobite and Legitimist body, in Great Britain. ...

Background

Main articles: James II of England, Mary of Modena, Glorious Revolution, and Williamite war in Ireland

Louisa Maria's father, King James, was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 6 February 1685 to 11 December 1688, and the last Roman Catholic monarch in the British Isles. With the birth of Louisa Maria's brother, Prince James Francis Edward, the prospect arose of a new Catholic dynasty, and a group of James's leading Protestant subjects brought about the Glorious Revolution of 1688, which replaced James with his Protestant daughter Mary II and son-in-law William III of Orange.^[3] James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701)[2] was King of England, King of Scots,[1] and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685 to 11 December 1688. ... Mary of Modena (October 5, 1658 – May 7, 1718) was the queen consort of King James II of England. ... The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (VII of Scotland) in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange), who as a result ascended the English throne as William... For the context of this war see Jacobitism and Glorious Revolution. ... For the various rulers of the kingdoms within England prior to its formal unification, during the Heptarchy, see Bretwalda. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland, as used before 1603 The monarch of Scotland was the head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. ... is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1688 (MDCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... This article explains the archipelago in north-western Europe. ... The Prince James, Prince of Wales (James Francis Edward Stuart; The Old Pretender or The Old Chevalier; 10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed James II and VII. As such, he claimed the English, Scottish and Irish thrones (as James III and VIII) from the... The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (VII of Scotland) in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange), who as a result ascended the English throne as William... Mary II (30 April 1662–28 December 1694) reigned as Queen of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and as Queen of Scots (as Mary II of Scotland) from 11 April 1689 until her death. ... William III (14 November 1650 – 8 March 1702) was the Prince of Orange from his birth, Stadtholder of the main provinces of the Dutch Republic from 28 June 1672, King of England and King of Ireland from 13 February 1689, and King of Scots (under the name William II) from...

Louisa Maria's mother, Mary of Modena, was James's second wife, marrying him in 1673, two years after the death from cancer of his first wife, Lady Anne Hyde. James had converted to Roman Catholicism and was at the time Duke of York and heir presumptive to the thrones of his brother, King Charles II, who had no legitimate children. Almost wholly Italian by blood, Mary was a daughter of Alfonso IV d'Este, Duke of Modena, and was a great-niece of Cardinal Mazarin. Brought up as a strict Roman Catholic, she thought of becoming a nun, but Louis XIV of France proposed her as a bride for James after he was widowed.^[3] She married James by proxy on 30 September 1673, a few days before her fifteenth birthday, and in person on her arrival at Dover on 21 November.^[2] Their first child was stillborn the next year.^[3] Mary of Modena (October 5, 1658 – May 7, 1718) was the queen consort of King James II of England. ... Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ... Lady Anne Hyde (March 1637 – March 31, 1671), daughter of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, became the first wife of James, Duke of York (the future King James II of England), and the mother of two British queens, Mary II and Anne. ... HRH The Prince Andrew, the current Duke of York For the nursery rhyme see The Grand Old Duke of York. ... An Heir Presumptive (capitalised) is the person provisionally scheduled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honor, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of an Heir Apparent or of a new Heir Presumptive with a better claim to the throne. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. ... Alfonso IV dEste, by Justus Sustermans Alfonso IV dEste (1634 - July 16, 1662) was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1658 until his death. ... Civil ensign of the Duchy of Modena, 1830-1859. ... For other uses, see Nun (disambiguation). ... Louis XIV redirects here. ... is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1673 (MDCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... , Dover is a major channel port in the English county of Kent. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Following the loss of his kingdoms, James retained the strong support of Louis XIV and also had many supporters in parts of the British Isles, particularly among Roman Catholics in Ireland. With French support, he made one serious attempt to regain his crowns, but was defeated in 1690 at the Battle of the Boyne. Thereafter he spent the remaining eleven years of his life in exile in France, where Louis XIV had given him a château at Saint-Germain-en-Laye.^[3] The Catholic Church in Ireland is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... Combatants Jacobite Forces -6000 French troops, 19,000 Irish Catholic troops Williamite Forces -English, Scottish, Dutch, Danish, Huguenot and Ulster Protestant troops Commanders James VII and II William III of England Strength 25,000 36,000 Casualties ~1,500 ~750 William III (William of Orange) King of England, Scotland and... Château de Chenonceau in the Loire valley, France A rural château in France. ... Coordinates Administration Country Region ÃŽle-de-France Department Yvelines (sous-préfecture) Arrondissement Saint-Germain-en-Laye Canton Chief town of 2 cantons Intercommunality none as of 2005 Mayor Emmanuel Lamy (2001-2008) Statistics Altitude 22 m–107 m (avg. ...

Brothers and sisters

Main articles: Mary II of England, Anne of Great Britain, and James Francis Edward Stuart

James Francis Edward Stuart about 1703 (Royal Collection)

Louisa Maria had four half-brothers and four half-sisters who were the children of her father's first wife: Charles, Duke of Cambridge (1660–1661); James, Duke of Cambridge (1663–1667); Charles, Duke of Kendal (1666–1667); Edgar, Duke of Cambridge (1667–1671); Mary (1662–1694); Anne (1665–1714); Henrietta (born & died 1669); and Catherine (born & died 1671).^[2] Mary II (30 April 1662–28 December 1694) reigned as Queen of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and as Queen of Scots (as Mary II of Scotland) from 11 April 1689 until her death. ... Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702, succeeding William III of England and II of Scotland. ... The Prince James, Prince of Wales (James Francis Edward Stuart; The Old Pretender or The Old Chevalier; 10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed James II and VII. As such, he claimed the English, Scottish and Irish thrones (as James III and VIII) from the... The Prince James, Prince of Wales (James Francis Edward Stuart; The Old Pretender or The Old Chevalier; 10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed James II and VII. As such, he claimed the English, Scottish and Irish thrones (as James III and VIII) from the... Shaped by the personal tastes of kings and queens over more than 500 years, the Royal Collection includes paintings, drawings and watercolours, furniture, ceramics, clocks, silver, sculpture, jewellery, books, manuscripts, prints and maps, arms and armour, fans, and textiles. ... Duke of Cambridge is a title frequently conferred upon junior members of the British royal family. ... James, Duke of Cambridge KG (11 July 1663 – 20 June 1667) was the second son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde. ... Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal (4 July 1666 - 22 May 1667) was the third son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde. ... Edgar, Duke of Cambridge (14 September 1667 – 8 June 1671) was the fourth son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde. ... Mary II (30 April 1662–28 December 1694) reigned as Queen of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and as Queen of Scots (as Mary II of Scotland) from 11 April 1689 until her death. ... Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) followed Englands only joint monarchy to become Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 after the passing of both William and Mary. ...

By Mary of Modena, apart from still-births, Louisa Maria's father had a further two sons and three daughters: Charles, Duke of Cambridge (b. & d. 1677), James Francis Edward Stuart, Duke of Cornwall, Prince of Wales (1688–1766), Catherine Laura (born & died 1675), Isabel (1676–1681), Charlotte Maria (born & died 1682) and herself, Louisa Maria Teresa.^[2] The Prince James, Prince of Wales (James Francis Edward Stuart; The Old Pretender or The Old Chevalier; 10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed James II and VII. As such, he claimed the English, Scottish and Irish thrones (as James III and VIII) from the... The Dukedom of Cornwall was the first dukedom created in the peerage of England. ... This article is about the title Prince of Wales. ...

Of her father's first family, only Mary and Anne survived infancy, and both later became Queen. Mary died while Louisa Maria was still a small child, but she was on friendly terms with her half-sister Anne.^[4] And of the second family, she knew only her brother James Francis Edward. However, she also had several illegitimate half-siblings, some of whom she knew as she was growing up: James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick (1670-1734, who was killed at the siege of Philippsburg); Henry FitzJames (1673–1702); James Darnley (1685–1686); Henrietta FitzJames (1667–1730, James's daughter by Arabella Churchill), who married Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave and later Piers Butler, 3rd Viscount Galmoye; Arabella FitzJames, a nun (1673–1704); and Catherine Darnley (1682–1743, James's daughter by Catherine Sedley), who married James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey and later John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham.^[2] Cleopatra is one of the most well-known queens regnant A queen regnant (plural queens regnant) is a woman monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchal powers of a king, in contrast with a queen consort, who is the wife of a reigning king, and in and of her... James FitzJames, Duke of Berwick James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed (August 21, 1670- June 12, 1734) was a French military leader, illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill, sister of the Duke of Marlborough. ... Philippsburg is a small town in Germany, in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg. ... Arabella Churchill (23 February 1648 – 30 May 1730) was the mistress of King James II & VII, and the mother of at least four of his children (surnamed FitzJames Stuart, that´s son of James Stuart). She was the child of Sir Winston Churchill (an ancestor of Sir Winston Churchill) and... Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave (1661 – 24 January 1689) was a British peer and Jacobite supporter. ... Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester (c. ... James Annesley, 3rd Earl of Anglesey (1670–18/21 January 1702), succeeded to his Earldom on his fathers death in 1690. ... John Sheffield was the 1st Duke of BuckinghamSHIRE not the 1st Duke of Buckingham. ...

Birth

Château of Saint-Germain-en-Laye

Louisa Maria was born in 1692, at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, during her parents' exile.^[5] Due to the huge controversy which had surrounded the birth of her brother, James Francis Edward, with accusations of the substitution of another baby in a warming pan following a still-birth, James II had sent letters inviting not only his daughter, Queen Mary II, to attend the birth in person, but also a large number of other Protestant ladies.^[6] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 502 pixelsFull resolution (1025 × 643 pixel, file size: 62 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Château de saint-Germain-en-Laye (Yvelines) Photo JH Mora, août 2005 From french wiki, uploader by Spedona 23 août 2005 à 22:29... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 502 pixelsFull resolution (1025 × 643 pixel, file size: 62 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Château de saint-Germain-en-Laye (Yvelines) Photo JH Mora, août 2005 From french wiki, uploader by Spedona 23 août 2005 à 22:29... Coordinates Administration Country Region Île-de-France Department Yvelines (sous-préfecture) Arrondissement Saint-Germain-en-Laye Canton Chief town of 2 cantons Intercommunality none as of 2005 Mayor Emmanuel Lamy (2001-2008) Statistics Altitude 22 m–107 m (avg. ... Mary II (30 April 1662–28 December 1694) reigned as Queen of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and as Queen of Scots (as Mary II of Scotland) from 11 April 1689 until her death. ...

The Whig historian Macaulay later commented on James's precaution:^[7] The Whigs (with the Tories) are often described as one of two political parties in England and later the United Kingdom from the late 17th to the mid 19th centuries. ... Thomas Macaulay Thomas Babington Macaulay at the age of forty-nine — after an engraving by W. Holl, from a drawing by George Richmond Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, PC (25 October 1800 – 28 December 1859) was a nineteenth-century English poet, historian and Whig politician. ...

The new-born princess was given the names Louisa and Maria in baptism, while Teresa (sometimes spelt Theresa) was added later, at the time of her confirmation.^[6] She was given the name Louisa in honour of King Louis XIV, who acted as her godfather.^[6] Her godmother was King Louis's sister-in-law, Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine, Duchess of Orléans.^[6] St Jamess Palace and The Mall by Jan Kip, 1715. ... This article is about the Christian religious act of Baptism. ... confirmed redirects here. ... Liselotte of the Palatinate Elizabeth Charlotte, Countess Palatine of Simmern (Heidelberg, May 27, 1652 – October 9 or December 8, 1722 at the Château de Saint-Cloud near Paris), known in French as la princesse palatine and in German as Liselotte von der Pfalz, was a princess of the electoral... Duke of Orléans is one of the most important titles in the French peerage, dating back at least to the 14th century. ...

After the birth, James II declared that Louisa Maria had been sent by God as a consolation for her parents at the time of their distress, and in later years she was often referred to as La Consolatrice.^[8]

Life

Portrait of Louisa Maria by François de Troy, about 1705

Louisa was the only full sibling of Prince James Francis Edward, the 'Old Pretender', to survive infancy, and was four years younger than her brother.^[3] The two were brought up together in France.^[6] A reading of Molière, Jean François de Troy, about 1728 Jean François de Troy (1679-1752) was a French roccoco painter and tapestry designer born on January 27, 1679 in Paris. ...

Louisa's tutor was an English Roman Catholic priest, Father Constable, who taught her Latin, history, and religion. She also had a governess, the Countess of Middleton, wife of the Jacobite peer Charles, 2nd Earl of Middleton.^[6] James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, another Jacobite peer living in France, praised the child's natural affability.^[6] For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton (c. ... James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, KT, PC (1648 - 1716) was a Scottish nobleman. ...

An allegorical portrait by Alexis Simon Belle of James Francis Edward and his sister Louisa Maria, showing the prince as a guardian angel leading his sister under the gaze of cherubim, was painted in 1699 and is now in the Royal Collection.^[9] Shaped by the personal tastes of kings and queens over more than 500 years, the Royal Collection includes paintings, drawings and watercolours, furniture, ceramics, clocks, silver, sculpture, jewellery, books, manuscripts, prints and maps, arms and armour, fans, and textiles. ...

By the summer of 1701, King James was seriously ill, and had been away from Saint Germain seeking medical treatment, accompanied by his wife. However, in June the two returned home for the birthdays of their two children, and two months later James suffered a stroke, dying just two weeks later on 16 September.^[6] He was still able to talk when his children visited him for the last time, and to Louisa Maria he said:^[6] For other uses, see Stroke (disambiguation). ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Louisa Maria's guardian Antoine Nompar de Caumont, by Alexis Simon Belle

Soon after James's death, Louis XIV proclaimed James Francis Edward as king of England, Scotland and Ireland, and he was also formally recognised as king by Spain, the Papal States and Modena. He and his sister Louisa Maria were transferred to Passy, into the care of Antoine Nompar de Caumont and his wife, with Lady Middleton continuing as Louisa Maria's governess there.^[6] Antoine Nompar de Caumont, marquis de Puyguilhem, duc de Lauzun (1632 - November 19, 1723), was a French courtier and soldier. ... Coat of arms Map of the Papal States; the reddish area was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, the rest (grey) in 1870. ... Modena (Mòdna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Passy is an exclusive suburb on the Right Bank of Paris, France and traditional home to many of the citys wealthiest residents. ... Antoine Nompar de Caumont, marquis de Puyguilhem, duc de Lauzun (1632 - November 19, 1723), was a French courtier and soldier. ...

In 1705, at the age of thirteen, Louisa Maria was a guest of honour at a ball at the Château de Marly, ranking only after Louis XIV himself, her own mother Queen Mary, and her brother James Francis Edward, considered by Louis to be another King.^[6] A ball is a formal dance. ... The Château de Marly was located in what has become Marly-le-Roi, the commune that existed at the edge of the royal park. ...

On 23 March 1708, after a delay caused by the measles, the young James attempted a landing on Scottish soil, at the Firth of Forth, supported by a fleet of French ships. However, the force was driven off by a Royal Navy fleet led by Admiral Byng.^[3] is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... The Firth of Forth from Calton Hill The Forth Bridges cross the Firth Satellite photo of the Firth and the surrounding area Map of the Firth Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the estuary or firth of Scotlands River Forth, where it flows into the North Sea... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, KB PC (1668 – 17 January 1733) was a British Admiral and statesman of the late 17th and early 18th centuries. ...

Louisa Maria enjoyed dancing and the opera, and became popular at the French court. Two possible matches for her were considered, with Louis XIV's grandson Charles de Bourbon, Duc de Berry (1686-1714), and with Charles XII of Sweden (1682–1718). Neither took place, the first apparently due to Louisa Maria's equivocal position, and the second because the young King of Sweden was not a Roman Catholic.^[6] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Charles XII redirects here. ...

Louisa felt keenly that Jacobites in exile had made huge sacrifices for her family, and she herself paid for the daughters of many of them to be educated. In this, she made no distinction between Roman Catholics and Protestants, supporting the daughters of both.^[6]

Death

Louisa Maria's half-sister Queen Anne, studio of John Closterman, c. 1702

In April 1712, both James Francis Edward and his sister fell sick with smallpox. While the Old Pretender recovered, Louisa Maria died on 18 April (8 April, Old Style) and was buried with her father at the Church of the English Benedictines in Paris.^[6] Image File history File links Queen Anne. ... Image File history File links Queen Anne. ... A later painting of The Marlborough family by John Closterman. ... Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Old Style redirects here. ... This article is about the capital of France. ...

William Legge, 1st Earl of Dartmouth, wrote of the Princess's death:^[4] William Legge, 1st Earl of Dartmouth (1672-1750), only son of George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth, succeeded to his fathers barony in 1691. ...

Madame de Maintenon, the morganatic second wife of Louis XIV, wrote of Mary of Modena's reaction to Louisa Maria's death:^[4] Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702, succeeding William III of England and II of Scotland. ... The Hon. ... Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (c. ... George I (George Louis; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727)[1] was King of Great Britain and Ireland, from 1 August 1714 until his death. ... Françoise dAubigné, marquise de Maintenon Françoise dAubigné, marquise de Maintenon (November 27, 1635 - April 15, 1719), the second wife of Louis XIV, was born in a prison at Niort. ... A morganatic marriage is a type of marriage which can be contracted in certain countries, usually between people of unequal social rank, which prevents the passage of the husbands titles and privileges to the wife and any children born of the marriage. ... Mary of Modena (October 5, 1658 – May 7, 1718) was the queen consort of King James II of England. ...

In his The History of the Church of Scotland (1845), Thomas Stephen says of the death:^[4]

Like many other churches in Paris, the Church of the English Benedictines was desecrated and vandalised during the French Revolution. According to Jules Janin, writing in 1844, the remains of Princess Louisa Maria and her father King James II were then resting in the military hospital of the Val-de-Grâce.^[11] Desecration is the ninth book in the Left Behind series. ... The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... A casualty is a victim of an accident, injury or trauma. ... The Val-de-Grâce (Hôpital dinstruction des armées du Val-de-Grâce) is a military hospital located in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France . ...

Portraits

Portrait of Louisa Maria and her brother James Francis Edward by Alexis Simon Belle, about 1699

Several portraits of Louisa Maria survive. Among those of Louisa Maria alone, one is by François de Troy, ca. 1705, while another, painted about 1704, is attributed to Alexis Simon Belle and is in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Also in the National Portrait Gallery is a portrait painted in 1695 by Nicolas de Largillière of Louisa Maria with her brother James Francis Edward. This was engraved as a mezzotint by John Smith and published in 1699.^[5] Another portrait of Louisa Maria with her brother, depicting him as an angel, is in the Royal Collection and is again attributed to Belle.^[12] A portrait with a cavalier King Charles spaniel was engraved as a mezzotint by Bernard Lens and published c. 1700.^[13] A reading of Molière, Jean François de Troy, about 1728 Jean François de Troy (1679-1752) was a French roccoco painter and tapestry designer born on January 27, 1679 in Paris. ... The National Portrait Gallery is an art gallery in central London which was opened in 1856. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Nicolas de Largillière (October 20, 1656 - March 20, 1746), French painter, was born at Paris. ... Mezzotint is a printing process of the intaglio family, in which the surface of a metal plate is roughened evenly; the image is then brought out by smoothing the surface, creating the image by working from dark to light. ... This article is about the supernatural being. ... Shaped by the personal tastes of kings and queens over more than 500 years, the Royal Collection includes paintings, drawings and watercolours, furniture, ceramics, clocks, silver, sculpture, jewellery, books, manuscripts, prints and maps, arms and armour, fans, and textiles. ... The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small breed of dog usually considered one of the toy dog breeds. ...

In fiction

Princess Louisa appears at the age of twelve in Eliza Haywood's picaresque novel The Fortunate Foundlings (1744). Haywood says of Louisa:^[14] Playwright and novelist Eliza Haywood, by George Vertue, 1725. ... The picaresque novel (Spanish: picaresco, from pícaro, for rogue or rascal) is a popular subgenre of prose fiction which is usually satirical and depicts in realistic and often humorous detail the adventures of a roguish hero of low social class who lives by his or her wits in a...

Namesakes

The names Louisa Maria Teresa (in French, Louise-Marie-Thérèse) were later used for Luisa Maria Teresa of Parma (1751-1819), Queen consort of Charles IV of Spain, for Louise Marie Thérèse of France, the eldest daughter of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, born 1819, and for Louise Marie Thérèse Charlotte Isabelle of Orléans, daughter of King Louis-Philippe of France and the Queen of King Leopold I of Belgium. Maria Louise of Parma (December 9, 1751-January 2, 1819) was queen of Spain and consort of King Charles IV of Spain. ... Charles IV (November 11, 1748 - January 20, 1819) was King of Spain from December 14, 1788 until his abdication on March 19, 1808. ... Louise Marie Thérèse of France (Louise Marie Thérèse dArtois; born September 21, 1819, Élysée-Bourbon, Paris, France; died February 1, 1864, Palazzo Giustiniani, Venice, Austrian Empire) was the eldest daughter of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, younger son of King Charles X of France... Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry (1778 - February 13, 1820), younger son of Charles X of France, was born at Versailles. ... Louise-Marie Thérèse Charlotte Isabelle dOrléans, fille de France, and Queen of the Belgians as the wife of King Leopold I. Born in Palermo, Sicily on April 3, 1812, she was the eldest daughter of the future King Louis-Phillippe of the French and his wife... Louis-Philippe I, King of the French (October 6, 1773 – August 26, 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. ... Leopold I of the Belgians (Leopold George Christian Frederick of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, later of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) (b. ...

Ancestry