Louisa Ulrika of Prussia
Queen of Sweden
Louisa Ulrika, Queen of Sweden painting by Antoine Pesne, c. 1744
Reign	1751 - 1771
Titles	HM Queen Dowager Louisa Ulrika of Sweden HM The Queen of Sweden HRH Princess Friedrich von Holstein-Gottorp HRH Princess Louisa Ulrika of Prussia
Born	1720
Died	1782
Consort to	Adolf Friedrich von Holstein-Gottorp
Issue	Stillborn Gustav III of Sweden Charles XIII of Sweden Frederick Adolf Sophia Albertine
Royal House	House of Holstein-Gottorp House of Hohenzollern
Father	Frederick William I of Prussia
Mother	Sophia Dorothea of Hanover

Louisa Ulrika of Prussia (Swedish: Lovisa Ulrika; German: Luise Ulrike) (1720—1782) was a Swedish Queen, Queen consort of Sweden between 1751 and 1771 as wife of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden, and mother of King Gustav III of Sweden and King Charles XIII of Sweden. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1677x2150, 765 KB) Description: Luise Ulrike of Prussia, Queen of Sweden Date: c. ... Antoine Pesne [] (May 29, 1683-July 5, 1757) was the court painter of Prussia. ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 25 - For the last time, New Years Day is legally on March 25 in England and Wales. ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Adolf Frederick King of Sweden Adolf Frederick (Adolf Fredrik) (May 14, 1710 – February 12, 1771), was King of Sweden from 1751 until his death. ... Gustav III, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Vends, etc. ... Charles XIII (Swedish: ) (7 October 1748 - 5 February 1818), was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway (where he was known as Karl II) from 1814 until his death. ... Prince Fredrick Adolf (1750-1803), was a Swedish Prince, youngest son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Queen Louisa Ulrika of Prussia and was given the title duke of Östergötland. ... Sofia Albertina (Stockholm 8 October 1753-Stockholm 17 March 1829) was daughter of king Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia. ... The House of Holstein-Gottorp, a cadet branch of the Oldenburg dynasty, ruled Sweden from 1751 until 1818, and Norway from 1814 to 1818. ... The House of Hohenzollern is a German dynasty of electors, kings, and emperors of Prussia, Germany, and Romania. ... Frederick William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm I) (August 14, 1688 – May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King in Prussia from 1713 until his death. ... Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (March 16, 1687 – June 28, 1757) was a Princess of Hanover, being the daughter of Georg Ludwig of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later George I of Great Britain) and Sophia Dorothea of Celle. ... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 25 - For the last time, New Years Day is legally on March 25 in England and Wales. ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Adolf Frederick King of Sweden Adolf Frederick (Adolf Fredrik) (May 14, 1710 – February 12, 1771), was King of Sweden from 1751 until his death. ... Gustav III, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Vends, etc. ... Charles XIII (Swedish: ) (7 October 1748 - 5 February 1818), was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway (where he was known as Karl II) from 1814 until his death. ...

Crown Princess

Louisa Ulrika was the daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and his wife Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, and was thus a younger sister of both Wilhelmine of Bayreuth and Frederick the Great. She was given the Swedish name Ulrika because Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden had ben her god-mother. Frederick William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm I) (August 14, 1688 – May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King in Prussia from 1713 until his death. ... Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (March 16, 1687 – June 28, 1757) was a Princess of Hanover, being the daughter of Georg Ludwig of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later George I of Great Britain) and Sophia Dorothea of Celle. ... Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine, Princess of Prussia (Berlin, July 3, 1709 - Bayreuth, October 14, 1758), was a daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia. ... Frederick the Great Frederick II of Prussia (Friedrich der Große, Frederick the Great, January 24, 1712 – August 17, 1786) was the Hohenzollern king of Prussia 1740–86. ... Ulrika Eleonora (January 23, 1688 – November 24, 1741) was Queen regnant of Sweden from November 30, 1718, to February 29, 1720, and then Queen consort until her death. ...

In 1744, Ulrika married Adolf Friedrich von Holstein-Gottorp, who had been elected crown prince of Sweden in 1743 and after his succession to the throne in 1751 reigned as King Adolf Frederick of Sweden. She was recommended as a bride by Russia, just as her husband was recommended as an heir to the throne by Russia. At first, however, it was her sister Amalia who was considered, as her brother warned that Louisa Ulrika was perhaps to ambitious to be a good queen in a monarchy without power, as Sweden then was during the Age of Liberty. // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... The House of Holstein-Gottorp, a cadet branch of the Oldenburg dynasty, ruled Sweden from 1751 until 1818, and Norway from 1814 to 1818. ... Events Adam Smith is appointed professor of logic at the University of Glasgow March 25 - For the last time, New Years Day is legally on March 25 in England and Wales. ... Adolf Frederick King of Sweden Adolf Frederick (Adolf Fredrik) (May 14, 1710 – February 12, 1771), was King of Sweden from 1751 until his death. ... The Great Northern War See also: Great Northern War The victory at Narva Charles XI of Sweden had carefully provided against the contingency of his successors minority; and the five regents appointed by him, if not great statesmen, were at least practical politicians who had not been trained in...

Lovisa Ulrika was received with great enthusiasm in Sweden when she arived in 1744 as a hope of solving the country's succession problems, and gained popularity with her beauty and by the birth of her children; no children had been born in the Swedish royal house in over fifty years by the birth of her first child. At her arrival, she was given Drottningholm Palace as a gift, where she resided with her young court. She was described as beautiful, cultivated - entirely according to the French tradition- and interested in science and culture; count Tessin called her: "A mind of a god in the Image of an angel", but she was also described as extremely proud and arrogant, which made her less and less liked outside of the aristicraty over the years. During her time as a crown princess, they were rumours that she had an affair with count Tessin, but this was with all certainty not true: her son Gustav III later replied to these rumours, that although Count Tessin had ben in love with her, this was against the "natural contemt" that Louisa Ulrika herself felt for every subject, noble or not.

Queen

In 1751, she became queen. When she became queen, Lovisa Ulrika revitalized the royal court, which had been neglected during the reign of King Frederick I, and founded a theater at Drottningholm Palace. Her interest for theater was, however, entirely French-influenced, and she interrupted the development of a native Swedish national theatre at Bollhuset by replacing it with a French Theatre, which was only a benefit for those who could speak French. Frederick I (Fredrik I) (April 23, 1676–March 25, 1751), was King of Sweden from 1720 and (as Friedrich I von Hessen-Kassel) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730 until his death. ... The Drottningholm Palace is the private residence of the Swedish royal family. ... Bollhuset, also called by the names , , and during the centuries, was the name of the first theatre of Stockholm, Sweden; it was the first Swedish theatre and the first real theatre building in Scandinavia. ...

In Sweden, she is mainly remembered for the founding of the Witterhetsakademin (in 1753), an academy which counted Carl von Linné among its members; she was a great patron of science and art, a protector of the work of scientists such as Carl von Linné and artists such as the painter Ulrika Pasch and the poet Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht. Her "adoption" of Gustav Badin 1760 was intended as a form of scientific experiment. The Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities or or Vitterhetsakademien, founded in 1753, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ... 1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... A painting of Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné  ?, and who wrote under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. ... A painting of Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné  ?, and who wrote under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. ... Ulrika Fredrica Pasch , called Ulla Pasch (1735–1796), was a Swedish painter, one of few female artists known in Scandinavia before the 19th century. ... Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht (November 28, 1718; Stockholm–June 29, 1763) was a Swedish poet and feminist. ...

As soon as she became queen in 1751, she made preparations to owerthrow the parliament. Her attempt of a royalistic revolution was prevented in 1756. The same year, Sweden went to war against her brother, which she opposed. Nevertheless, she remained a dominant figure, with numerous quarrels with the government over the years. In 1763, the government asked her to write to her brother, the King of Prussia, in to prevent the Swedish province of Pommerania in Germany to be anexed by Prussia after the Seven Years War, which she did after great persuation. She succeeded in the negotiations, which for her was a form of thriumph over the parliament. As a sign of gratitude for this act, the governement paid her debts, which made it possible for her to use her money to affect the votings in the parliament through bribes; her plan was now to change the constiution through this method. After 1766, her attempts had failed, and her politicall activity was now over; i 1766-1771, the anti-parlamentharistic oposition looked to her son Gustav instead of her. Her arrogance, political wievs and conflicts with the parliament made her less during her husband's reign. 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the 1756–1763 war. ... Bribery is the practice of offering a professional money or other favours in order to circumvent ethics in a variety of professions. ...

The Failed Royal Revolution of 1756

Queen Lovisa Ulrika strongly dominated her husband and the court, and she would also had been the real ruler during her husband's reign if the Swedish monarchy had not been stripped of its power in 1718 and 1720; at this point, the king was a mere decoration and Sweden was a monarchy only in name. This greatly displeased the queen, herself born in an absolute monarchy. She could not understand nor condone the parliament; for her, it was not acceptable for a royal person to have to receive peasants in the royal salons, as she was forced to do with the peasant's representatives from the parliament. She was further enraged when the parliament forced the king to give up his claims on the throne of Holstein, and arranged the marriage between her son Gustav to Sofia Magdalena of Denmark, when she herself had preferred a German princess. She was enraged when the parliamentaristic C.F.Scheffer was appointed her son's educator. In 1755, the parliament decided, that if the king opposed to sign the laws issued by the governemnt, a stamp would be used instead. Year 1718 (MDCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... Sofia Magdalena of Denmark (July 3, 1746 - August 21, 1813) was born in Copenhagen to King Frederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

To display her contemt, she humiliated the parliament's representatives by the etiquette of the royal court; she stopped their carriages at the Palace gates, let forced them to wait for hours, while she let those who arived before them be received and let them sit on small little, low stools before her to make them loose their dignity.

Already three months after her coronation, Louisa Ulrika remowed the diamonds from the crown and replaced them with glas. She gathered followers among the aristocraty to plan a coup d'état to overthrow the government, dissolve the parliament from it's power and reinstate absolute monarchy in Sweden. Her followers where called the hov-partiet (The royal court party), and they were men form the nobility in opposition to the parliament for personal reasons, wanting revards from the queen when the aftr a successful coup. In the court theatre, the French and Italian troupes performed plays hinting that the king should taken control over his kingdom. This article is about the mineral. ... Coup redirects here. ...

To finance the coup, the Queen pawned the jewelry she had ben given as a wedding gift by the state, as well as some of the crown jewels belonging to the state, among them 44 diamonds she had placed in the Queen's Crown, whom she pawned in Berlin to loan money. The lady-in-waiting of the Queen, Ulrika Strömfelt, informed the government that parts of the crown jewels were missing. for this act, she was later to recieve the honorary title "Ständernas dotter" ("Daughter of the Parliament") and a pension of §2000. The government demanded to inspect the crown jewels, as it was the property of the state. The Queen refused, as she did not recongise any right of the government to inspect anything. At the same time, the king was taken ill, and the government retrited to allow him to recower, giving the queen time the goet the diamonds back to the inspection. At the same time, weapons and bullets wee being made. The plan was to hire criminals to cause chaos on the streets; the royalistic officers would then block the streets, the royalists would be armed and the King would enter the square to "resume control", after which the public would "celebrate him as the saviour from the parliament". Lady in Waiting is an album by American southern rock band The Outlaws, released in 1976. ...

The plans were often discussed at the pub of the royalistic Ernst Angel. Angel was the illegitimate son of Maximilian of Hesse-Cassel, the brother of king Frederick I of Sweden, which he often pointed out. The 21 June 1756, the police heard Angel talk about the plans of a royal revoulution while he was drunk. He was arrested and interrogated, and the next day, the arrests of the noblemen begun. When the royal couple entered Stockholm after a stay at from Drottninghom Palace that night the streets where filled with militarys. The whole conspiracy against the parliament was discovered. The parliament woted for a death sentence for four ot the involved noblemen, who was deciapitated on Riddarholmstorget in Stockholm in front of thousands of specators, outside the royal palace, and three days later, Ernst Angel and three more was decapitated. Several others where sentenced to prison, whipping, exile, pilloring and by being banned from seats in the parliament. Frederick I (Fredrik I) (April 23, 1676–March 25, 1751), was King of Sweden from 1720 and (as Friedrich I von Hessen-Kassel) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730 until his death. ... is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Queen, who was the instigator behind all this, received a strong note form the parliament communicated by the archbishop, who forced her to write a letter of confession and regret. He afterwards said, that he thought he had seen "tears of rage and sorow" in her eyes: she herself wrote that she had tried to display: "all the coldness, all the contemt possible to make in a demonstration": she regretted nothing but that her revolution had failed. The king had a statement read to him saying that he would be desposed if her ever attempted something similar again.

Lovisa Ulrika, by Alexander Roslin, 1775

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Alexander Roslin – ”Baroness de Neubourg-Cromière” (1756) Alexander Roslin (July 15, 1718 - July 5 1793) was a Swedish portait painter born in Malmö. Married 1759 to Marie-Suzanne Giroust. ...

Queen Dowager

In 1771, the king died and she became a Dowager Queen. Louisa Ulrika was at the death of the king emensly impopular in Sweden: when the news of the king's death reached her son, the new king, who was then in Paris, he wrote that the Queen Dowager be protected, as "I know how little loved my mother is".

In 1772, her son the new king succeeded where she had failed in 1756 by overthrowing the democracy and reinstating absolute monarchy, which was a great satisfaction to her. However, she could never settle with the position of dowager queen, and her last years was spent in bitterness. In 1777, she was forced to sell Drottningholm Palace to her son Gustav. Year 1772 (MDCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Drottningholm Palace is the private residence of the Swedish royal family. ...

She did not get along with either of her daughter-in-law's, calling Sophia Magdalena of Denmark "cold and shy" and Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp "flirtatious." She broke with her son, the king, in 1778, after having accused him of having another man father his child. A great scandal erupted, during which the king even threathened to exile her to Pomerania. She was forced to make a formal statement during which she withdrew her accusation, a repetition of the humiliation of 1756. In the following conflict, ther younger children, Sofia Albertina and Frederick, was on her side, and the relationship with Gustav was not repaired until her death bed in 1783. Sofia Magdalena of Denmark and Norway (Christiansborg Palace, Denmark, 3 July 1743 - Ulriksdal Palace, Sweden, 21 August 1813) was a Queen consort of Sweden. ... Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp Painted as Queen of Sweden and Norway at the age of 55 by Carl Fredrik von Breda, 1814. ... Year 1778 (MDCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Children

She had the following children:

1. (Stillborn) (1745)
2. Gustav III of Sweden (1746-1792)
3. Charles XIII of Sweden (1748-1818)
4. Frederick Adolf (1750-1803)
5. Sophia Albertine (1753-1829)

Louisa Ulrika was also a maternal grandchild of the King George I of Great Britain. Gustav III, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Vends, etc. ... Charles XIII (Swedish: ) (7 October 1748 - 5 February 1818), was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway (where he was known as Karl II) from 1814 until his death. ... Prince Fredrick Adolf (1750-1803), was a Swedish Prince, youngest son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Queen Louisa Ulrika of Prussia and was given the title duke of Östergötland. ... Sofia Albertina was daughter of king Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia. ... George I (George Louis; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727)[1] was King of Great Britain and Ireland, from 1 August 1714 until his death. ...

Titles

• Her Royal Highness Princess Louisa Ulrika of Prussia
• Her Royal Highness Princess Friedrich von Holstein-Gottorp
• Her Majesty The Queen of Sweden
• Her Majesty Queen Dowager Louisa Ulrika of Sweden

References

• Herman Lindqvist (2006). Historien om alla Sveriges drottningar (in Swedish). Norstedts Förlag. ISBN 9113015249.
• Anna Ivarsdotter Johnsson och Leif Jonsson, "Musiken i Sverige, Frihetstiden och Gustaviansk tid 1720-1810."
• Herman Lindqvist, "Historien om Sverige. Från Istid till Framtid."
• Stig Hadenius, "Vad varje svensk bör veta. Sveriges historia."
• Herman Lindqvist, "Historien om Sverige. Gustavs dagar."