It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Back pain. (Discuss)

See also back pain

Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder which affects the lumbar segment of the spine. It can be either acute, subacute or chronic in its clinical presentation. Typically, the symptoms of low back pain do show significant improvement within two to three months from its onset. In a significant number of individuals, low back pain tends to be recurrent in nature with a waxing and waning quality to it. In a small proportion of sufferers this condition can become chronic. Population studies show that back pain affects most adults at some stage in their life and accounts for more sick leave and disability than any other single medical condition. Image File history File links Merge-arrows. ... Back pain (also known dorsalgia) is pain felt in the back that may originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. ... Back pain (also known dorsalgia) is pain felt in the back that may originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... // M00-M99 - Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M25) Arthropathies (M00-M03) Infectious arthropathies (M00) Pyogenic arthritis (M01) Direct infections of joint in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere (M02) Reactive arthropathies (M023) Reiters disease (M03) Postinfective and reactive arthropathies in diseases classified elsewhere (M05-M14... // M00-M99 - Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M25) Arthropathies (M00-M03) Infectious arthropathies (M00) Pyogenic arthritis (M01) Direct infections of joint in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere (M02) Reactive arthropathies (M023) Reiters disease (M03) Postinfective and reactive arthropathies in diseases classified elsewhere (M05-M14... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... In medicine, an acute disease is a disease with either or both of: a rapid onset; a short course (as opposed to a chronic course). ... In medicine, a chronic disease is a disease that is long-lasting or recurrent. ...

An acute lower back injury may be caused by a traumatic event, like a car accident or a fall. It occurs suddenly and its victims will usually be able to pinpoint exactly when it happened. In acute cases, the structures damaged will more than likely be soft tissue like muscles, ligaments and tendons. With a serious accident or due to osteoporosis or other causes of weakened vertebral bones, vertebral fractures in the lumbar spine may also occur. At the lowest end of the spine, some patients may have tailbone pain (also called coccyx pain or coccydynia). Others may have pain from their sacroiliac joint at the bottom of the lumbar spine, called sacroiliac joint dysfunction (see sacroiliac joint for more information) . For other uses of Muscles, see Muscles (disambiguation). ... In anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures:[1] Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. ... A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and is built to withstand tension. ... The coccyx is formed of up to five vertebrae. ... Coccydynia is a medical condition characterized by pain in the coccyx or tailbone area. ... The sacroiliac joint is the joint between the sacrum, at the base of the spine, and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined by ligaments. ...

Chronic lower back pain usually has a more insidious onset, occurring over a long period of time. Physical causes may include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, degeneration of the discs between the vertebrae, or a spinal disc herniation, a vertebral fracture (such as from osteoporosis), or rarely, a tumor (including cancer) or infection. The cause may also be psychological or emotional or due to other non-anatomical factors.^[1] Osteoarthritis (OA, also known as degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease, or in more colloquial terms wear and tear), is a condition in which low-grade inflammation results in pain in the joints, caused by wearing of the cartilage that covers and acts as a cushion inside joints and destruction or... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is traditionally considered a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. ... Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ... A diagram of a thoracic vertebra. ... A spinal disc herniation, incorrectly called a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine, in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out. ... Osteoporosis is a disease of bone - leading to an increased risk of fracture. ... Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ...

Causes

Possible causes of low back pain:

• Mechanical:
  • Apophyseal osteoarthritis
  • Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
  • Degenerative Discs
  • Scheuermann's kyphosis
  • Spinal disc herniation (slipped disc)
  • Spinal stenosis
  • Spondylolisthesis and other congenital abnormalities
  • Fractures
  • Non-specific muscular or ligamentous strains or sprains
  • Leg Length Difference
  • Restricted hip motion
  • Misaligned pelvis - pelvic obliquity, anteversion or retroversion

• Inflammatory:
  • Seronegative spondylarthritides (e.g. ankylosing spondylitis)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Infection - epidural abscess or osteomyelitis

• Neoplastic:
  • Bone tumors (primary or metastatic)
  • Intradural Spinal tumors

• Metabolic:
  • Osteoporotic fractures
  • Osteomalacia
  • Ochronosis
  • Chondrocalcinosis

• Psychosomatic
  • Tension myositis syndrome

• Paget's disease

• Referred pain:
  • Pelvic/abdominal disease
  • Posture

• Depression
• oxygen deprivation

A zygapophysial joint (zygapophyseal, or facet joint) is a synovial joint between the superior articular process of one (lower) vertebra and the inferior articular process of the adjacent (higher) vertebra. ... Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ... The medical term kyphosis has several meanings. ... A spinal disc herniation, incorrectly called a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine, in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Not to be confused with spondylosis or spondylolysis. ... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is traditionally considered a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. ... ... An arm bone tumor Bone tumor is an inexact term, which can be used for both benign and malignant abnormal growths found in bone, but is most commonly used for primary tumors of bone, such as osteosarcoma (or osteoma). ... Metastasis (Greek: change of the state) is the spread of cancer from its primary site to other places in the body. ... Santorio Santorio (1561-1636) in his steelyard balance, from Ars de statica medecina, first published 1614 Metabolism (from μεταβολισμος(metavallo), the Greek word for change), in the most general sense, is the ingestion and breakdown of complex compounds, coupled... Osteoporosis is a disease of bone - leading to an increased risk of fracture. ... Osteomalacia is a softening of the bones, resulting from defective bone mineralisation. ... Ochronosis is a dermatological disorder that results in the adverse pigmentation of cartilage from a long term buildup of phenylalanine or tyrosine. ... Categories: Stub ... A psychosomatic illness is one with physical manifestations and supposed psychological cause, often diagnosed when any known or identifiable physical cause was excluded by medical examination. ... Tension myositis syndrome (TMS) is a condition described by Dr. John E. Sarno in his books Healing Back Pain: The Mind-Body Connection (ISBN 0-446-39230-8), The Mindbody Prescription: Healing the Body, Healing the Pain (ISBN 0-446-67515-6), and The Divided Mind: The Epidemic of Mindbody... Bold text X-ray of Pagets disease Pagets disease, otherwise known as osteitis deformans, is a chronic disorder that typically results in enlarged and deformed bones. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... While not moving, a human can be in one of the following main positions. ... On the Threshold of Eternity. ... This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...

Diagnosis

Diagnosing the underlying cause of low back pain is usually done by a medical doctor, osteopathic physican, physiotherapist (physical therapist) or by a chiropractor. Often, getting a diagnosis of the underlying cause of low back pain and/or related symptoms is quite complex. A complete diagnosis is usually made through a combination of a patient's medical history, physical examination, and, when necessary, diagnostic testing, such as an MRI scan or x-ray. There are a number of health care professionals who may specialize in diagnosing and treating low back pain, including chiropractors, osteopathic physicians, physical therapists (physiotherapists), physiatrists, anesthesiologists/pain medicine physicians, and orthopedic surgeons or neurosurgeons. The word physician should not be confused with physicist, which means a scientist in the area of physics. ... Chiropractic treatment uses manipulative therapy to correct subluxation, which has been shown to have some efficacy in treating back and neck pain, headache, and other symptoms of spinal-related conditions. ... MRI Image Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a method of creating images of the inside of opaque organs in living organisms as well as detecting the amount of bound water in geological structures. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz...

Research shows that the presence of a leg length difference does not mean you will have back pain. Diagnosis of leg length difference is quite easy. Just stand in front of a mirror in your underwear on a flat, level floor in front of a mirror (a bathroom is usually good). Look at your hips to see if they are level. If one seems higher, put a magazine under the short leg. Keep adding magazines until your hips look level. Measure the height of the magazines. This is the difference in the length of your two legs. 90% of the population has a leg length difference; the same percentage that experiences lower back pain during their lifetime. A difference of only 1% would be 1/3rd inch or more.

Diagnosis of restricted internal hip rotation is also easy. Lie on your stomach with your legs together. Bend your knees 90 degrees so that the soles of your feet point up toward the ceiling. Keeping your knees together, move your feet apart. Your lower legs will form a V. Have someone measure the angle of each lower leg in relation to a vertical line. The angle should be the same for both legs. Each leg should be a minimum of 45 degrees; 60 degrees if you play golf or tennis. Vad, et al, found restricted internal hip rotation on the lead hip associated with lower back pain in professional golfers.

Treatments

The course of treatment for low back pain will usually be dictated by the clinical diagnosis of the underlying cause of the pain. In general, diagnosis (plural diagnoses) has two distinct dictionary definitions. ... Pain redirects here. ...

Conservative treatment

For the vast majority of patients, low back pain can be treated with non-surgical care. For those with acute, short-term back pain, certain home remedies^[2] may be effective.^{[citation needed]} ClinicalEvidence.com has systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials published through April, 2004 and concluded: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a form of clinical trial, or scientific procedure used in the testing of the efficacy of medicine, used because of its record of reliability. ...

Treatments likely to be beneficial

• Advice to stay active.^[3]
• Analgesics (pain medications), such as NSAIDs or acetaminophen.^[3][4]
• Spinal manipulation for acute^[3] or chronic^[4] pain. A clinical prediction rule can guide who is most likely to respond to manipulation.^[5]
• Muscle relaxants for acute^[3] or chronic^[4] pain.
• Antidepressants for chronic low back pain.^[4]
• Exercise for chronic pain.^[4]
• Intensive multidisciplinary treatment programs may help subacute^[3] or chronic^[4] low back pain.
• Behavioral therapy^[4]
• Acupuncture may help chronic pain^[4]; however, a more recent randomized controlled trial suggested significant difference between real and sham acupuncture.^[6]

An analgesic (colloquially known as a painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain (achieve analgesia). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Acetaminophen (USAN) or paracetamol (INN), is a popular analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. ... // Spinal manipulation is manipulation of synovial joints in the spinal column. ... A clinical prediction rule is type of medical research study in which researchers try to identify the best combination of medical sign, symptoms, and other findings in predicting the probability of a specific disease or outcome. ... A muscle relaxant is a drug which decreases the tone of a muscle. ... Prozac, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Venlafaxine An antidepressant, is a psychiatric medication or other substance (nutrient or herb) used for alleviating depression or dysthymia (milder depression). ... Cognitive therapy or cognitive behavior therapy is a kind of psychotherapy used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, phobias, and other forms of mental disorder. ... Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ... A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a form of clinical trial, or scientific procedure used in the testing of the efficacy of medicines or medical procedures. ...

Other treatments

Additional treatments have been more recently reviewed by the Cochrane Collaboration: The Cochrane Collaboration developed in response to Archie Cochranes call for systematic, up-to-date reviews (currently known as systematic reviews) of all relevant randomized clinical trials of health care. ...

• Massage therapy may benefit some patients.^[7]

• Ice and/or heat application (or moist heat) has uncertain benefit.^[8]

Individual randomized controlled trials, thus interpretation may be subject to publication bias, also confounded by absence of double blinding have shown benefit for: Massage in Tarifa, Spain. ... A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a form of clinical trial, or scientific procedure used in the testing of the efficacy of medicine, used because of its record of reliability. ... Publication bias, also called the positive outcome bias, is typically the tendency for researchers to publish experimental results that have a positive result (found something), while consequently not publishing findings which have a negative result (found that something did not happen). ... The double blind method is an important part of the scientific method, used to prevent research outcomes from being influenced by either the placebo effect or the observer bias. ...

• Viniyoga,^[9] Iyengar,^[10] and Hatha yoga (small trial).^[11]

• Correcting leg length difference may help.^[12] To correct leg length difference, insert a hard rubber or cork heel pad into the shoe of the short leg if the difference between the two legs is 3/8ths inch or less. If more, have a shoe repairman build up the sole and heel. Taper the toe to avoid tripping. If more than 3/4 inch, start with 1/2 of what you need so that your body can adjust.

• Muscle Energy Technique (MET) may help (small study).^[13]

Other treatments that were not reviewed are For other uses, see Yoga (disambiguation). ... Muscle energy technique is used in osteopathic medicine to treat somatic dysfunction presenting as loss of range of motion secondary to muscular inhibition. ...

• Education and attitude adjustment (TMS)
• Increasing internal hip rotation
• Increase internal hip rotation with stretching or connective tissue massage
• Medical cannabis

Because of variations in clinical study methodology, a review of clinical studies in any one area is not necessarily conclusive. A catalog page offering Cannabis sativa extract. ...

For any one condition, it may be necessary to try a variety of treatments in order to find the best one (or combination) to best manage the pain. In almost all cases, physical therapy and/or a regular exercise program that includes stretching, strengthening and low impact cardio conditioning will be part of the treatment and rehabilitation program. Physical therapy (or physiotherapy[1]) is the provision of services to people and populations to develop, maintain and restore maximum movement and functional ability throughout the lifespan. ... The term Exercise can refer to: Physical exercise such as running or strength training Exercise (options), the financial term for enacting and terminating a contract Category: ...

The role of narcotics for chronic low back pain is uncertain.^[14] 19th century Heroin bottle This article is about the drug classification. ...

Surgery

Lumbar surgery is indicated when conservative treatment is not effective in reducing pain or when the patient develops progressive and functionally limiting neurologic symptoms such as leg weakness, bladder or bowel incontinence, which can be seen with severe lumbar disc herniation, spinal abscess or cauda equina syndrome. Other possible indications for surgery include: // Lumbar disc herniation As a disc in the back, degenerates, the inner portion of the disc can herniate or extrude back into the spinal canal and irritate a nerve root. ...

• Severe Degenerative disc disease
• Spinal stenosis
• Spondylolisthesis
• Scoliosis
• Compression fracture
• Spinal instability
• Spinal trauma
• Spinal malignancy(cancer)
• Spinal hematoma

The most common types of low back surgery include microdiscectomy, discectomy, laminectomy, foraminotomy, or spinal fusion. Another less invasive surgical technique consists of an implantation of a spinal cord stimulator and typically is used for symptoms of chronic radiculopathy (sciatica). Lumbar artificial disc replacement is a newer surgical technique for treatment of degenerative disc disease, as are a variety of surgical procedures aimed at preserving motion in the psine. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Not to be confused with spondylosis or spondylolysis. ... A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. ... Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) or Dorsal Column Stimulator (DCS) is an implantable medical device used to treat chronic pain of neurologic origin. ... Sciatica is pain caused by general compression and/or irritation of one of five nerve roots that are branches of the sciatic nerve. ... Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ...

References

Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

See also

• Back pain
• Upper back pain
• Chronic pain
• Lumbar disc herniation
• Degenerative disc disease
• Coccydynia (coccyx pain, tailbone pain)
• Sciatica
• Tension myositis syndrome
• Failed back syndrome
• Bertolotti's syndrome

Back pain (also known dorsalgia) is pain felt in the back that may originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. ... Upper back pain, also called middle back pain or thoracic pain, is pain that is felt between the bottom of the neck and top of the lumbar spine. ... Chronic pain was originally defined as pain that has lasted 6 months or longer. ... // Lumbar disc herniation As a disc in the back, degenerates, the inner portion of the disc can herniate or extrude back into the spinal canal and irritate a nerve root. ... Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ... Coccydynia is a medical condition characterized by pain in the coccyx or tailbone area. ... Sciatica is pain caused by general compression and/or irritation of one of five nerve roots that are branches of the sciatic nerve. ... Tension myositis syndrome (TMS) is a condition described by Dr. John E. Sarno in his books Healing Back Pain: The Mind-Body Connection (ISBN 0-446-39230-8), The Mindbody Prescription: Healing the Body, Healing the Pain (ISBN 0-446-67515-6), and The Divided Mind: The Epidemic of Mindbody... Failed Back Syndrome or Post-laminectomy Syndrome is a condition characterized by persistent pain following back surgeries. ... Bertolottis syndrome is a form of lumbago in the lumbosacral transitional vertebrae. ...

External links

• Some low back pain exercises
• Low back pain at the Open Directory Project
• [1]

en:Lumbago The patella or kneecap is a thick, triangular bone which articulates with the femur and covers and protects the front of the knee joint. ... Luxating patella, or trick knee, is a condition in which the patella, or kneecap, dislocates or moves out of its normal location. ... Chondromalacia Patellae (also known as CMP, Patello-Femoral Pain Syndrome, or Runners Knee) is a discomfort or dull pain in the knee or just under or around the knee. ... Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue. ... Polyarteritis nodosa (or periarteritis nodosa) is a serious blood vessel disease. ... Churg-Strauss syndrome is a necrotizing vasculitis characterized by eosinophilia. ... Kawasaki disease, also known as lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous node disease, infantile polyarteritis and Kawasaki syndrome, is a poorly understood self-limited vasculitis that affects many organs, including the skin and mucous membranes, lymph nodes, blood vessel walls, and the heart. ... Hypersensitivity vasculitis (or hypersensitivity angiitis or leukocytoclastic vasculitis) is usually due to a hypersensitivity reaction to a known drug, auto-antigens or infectious agents such as bacteria. ... Goodpasture’s syndrome (also known as Goodpasture’s disease and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease or anti-GBM disease) was first described by Ernest Goodpasture in 1919. ... In medicine (rheumatology), Wegeners granulomatosis is a form of vasculitis that affects the lungs, kidneys and other organs. ... Arteritis is inflammation of the walls of arteries, usually as a result of infection or auto-immune response. ... Takayasus arteritis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects the aorta and its branches. ... Temporal arteritis, also called giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels (most commonly large and medium arteries of the head). ... Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ill-defined autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. ... Drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DIL or DILE) is an autoimmune disorder, similar to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is induced by chronic use of certain drugs. ... X-Ray of the knee in a patient with dermatomyositis. ... Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an autoimmune disease that manifests itself in children. ... {{ }} Polymyositis is a type of inflammatory myopathy, related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. ... Scleroderma is a rare, chronic disease characterized by excessive deposits of collagen in the skin or other organs. ... Sjögrens syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the glands that produce tears and saliva. ... Behçet disease (Behçets syndrome, Morbus Behçet, silk road disease) is a chronic condition due to disturbances in the body’s immune system. ... Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) - is a disorder associated with pain in the shoulder and hip. ... Eosinophilic fasciitis (pronounced ), or EF, is a form of fasciitis. ... Hypermobility (also called double-jointedness, hypermobility syndrome or hyperlaxity) describes joints that stretch farther than is normal. ... Dorsopathy is a term used to describe various diseases (-pathy) of the back and or spine (dorso-). Although the terms dorsalgia and dorsopathy are sometimes used interchangeably, they do not mean quite the same thing. ... Kyphosis (Greek - kyphos, a hump), in general terms, is a curvature of the upper spine. ... Lordosis is a term used to describe the direction of the curvature of the five lumbar and seven cervical vertebrae of the vertebral column. ... The medical term kyphosis has several meanings. ... Spondylolysis is a defect in the pars interarticularis of a vertebra. ... Torticollis, or wry neck, is a condition in which the head is tilted toward one side, and the chin is elevated and turned toward the opposite side. ... Not to be confused with spondylosis or spondylolysis. ... In medicine, Spondylopathies is a general term for disorders of the vertebrae. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Schmorls Nodes are considered to be vertical disc herniations through the cartilaginous vertebral body endplates, resulting in compression fractures. ... Degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which is often called degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the spine, is a common disorder of the lower spine. ... Coccydynia is a medical condition characterized by pain in the coccyx or tailbone area. ... Back pain (also known dorsalgia) is pain felt in the back that may originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. ... Radiculopathy is not a specific condition, but rather a description of a problem in which one or more nerves are affected and do not work properly. ... Sciatica is pain caused by general compression and/or irritation of one of five nerve roots that are branches of the sciatic nerve. ... In medicine, the term soft tissue refers to tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and organs of the body. ... Myositis ossificans comprises two syndromes characterized by heterotopic calcification of muscle. ... Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), is a rare disease of the connective tissue. ... Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of a synovial membrane, which line those joints which possess cavities. ... Tenosynovitis is the inflammation of the fluid-filled sheath (called the synovium) that surrounds a tendon. ... Stenosing tenosynovitis is the progressive restriction of the sheath surrounding a tendon, causing inflammation (tenosynovitis). ... Trigger finger, or trigger thumb, is a type of stenosing tenosynovitis in which the sheath around a tendon in a thumb or finger becomes swollen or a nodule forms on the tendon itself. ... DeQuervains syndrome (also known as washerwomans sprain, Radial styloid tenosynovitis, De Quervains disease or mothers wrist), named for Swiss surgeon Fritz de Quervain who first identified it in 1885, is an inflammation of the sheath or tunnel that surrounds two tendons that control movement of the... Bursitis is the inflammation of one or more bursae, or small sacs of synovial fluid, in the body. ... Olecranon bursitis is a clinical condition characterised by pain, swelling and inflammation of the olecranon bursa. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Trochanteric bursitis is inflammation of the trochanteric bursa. ... Dupuytrens contracture (also known as Morbus Dupuytren) is a fixed flexion contracture of the hand where the fingers bend towards the palm and cannot be fully extended (straightened). ... Plantar fasciitis, formerly known as policemans heel, is a painful inflammatory condition caused by excessive wear to the plantar fascia of the foot or biomechanical faults that cause abnormal pronation of the foot. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Necrotizing fasciitis or fasciitis necroticans, commonly known as flesh-eating bacteria, is a rare infection of the deeper layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues, easily spreading across the fascial plane within the subcutaneous tissue. ... In medicine, fasciitis refers to an inflammation of the fascia. ... Categories: Move to Wiktionary | Medicine stubs ... In medicine, an enthesopathy refers to an inflammation of entheses. ... Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS or ITBFS, for Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome) is a common thigh injury generally associated with running. ... Achilles tendinitis is inflammation of the Achilles tendon. ... Golfers elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is an inflammatory condition of the elbow which in some ways is similar to tennis elbow. ... Tennis elbow is a condition where the outer part of the elbow becomes painful and tender, usually as a result of a specific strain or overuse. ... Metatarsalgia is a general term used to refer to any painful foot condition affecting the metatarsal region of the foot. ... Bone spurs, also known as osteophytes, are bony projections that form along joints. ... Tendonitis (also tenonitis or tendinitis) is an inflammation of a tendon. ... Myalgia means muscle pain and is a symptom of many diseases and disorders. ... Bone disease refers to the medical conditions which affect the bone. ... Osteoporosis is a disease of bone - leading to an increased risk of fracture. ... Pseudarthrosis is the movement of a bone at the location of a fracture resulting from inadequate healing of the fracture. ... This article is about stress wienerfractures in bones. ... Monostotic fibrous dysplasia (or monostotic osteitis fibrosa) is a form of fibrous dysplasia where only one bone is involved. ... Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease exclusively caused by excessive consumption of fluoride. ... An aneurysmal bone cyst is an expansile osteolytic lesion with a thin wall, containing blood-filled cystic cavities. ... Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone, usually caused by pyogenic bacteria or mycobacteria. ... Avascular necrosis is a disease resulting from the temporary or permanent loss of the blood supply to the bones. ... Bold text X-ray of Pagets disease Pagets disease, otherwise known as osteitis deformans, is a chronic disorder that typically results in enlarged and deformed bones. ... Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by severe pain, swelling and changes in the skin. ... Dissolution or degeneration of bone tissue through disease. ... In medicine, Chondropathy refers to a disease of the cartilage. ... Osteochondrosis is a orthopedic disease. ... Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome is a degenerative disease of the hip joint, where a loss of bone mass leads to some degree of collapse of the hip joint, that is, to deformity of the ball of the femur and the surface of the hip socket. ... Osgood-Schlatter disease (also known as tibial tubercle traumatic apophysitis) is an inflammation of the growth plate at the tibial tuberosity. ... Köhler disease (also spelled Kohler) is a rare bone disorder of the foot found in children between six and nine years of age. ... Severs disease, or calcaneal apophysitis, is the most frequent cause of heel pain in children between the ages of 8 and 13 and is due to an inflammation of growing plates, the calcaneus in the back of the foot due to the rapid growth of bone when compared to... Osteochondritis Dessicans is when a loose piece of bone and cartilage seperates from the end of the bone because of a loss of blood supply and insuffecient amounts of calcium. ... Tietzes syndrome, also known as costochondritis, is a benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilages. ... // Q00-Q99 - Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q07) Congenital malformations of the nervous system (Q00) Anencephaly and similar malformations (Q01) Encephalocele (Q02) Microcephaly (Q03) Congenital hydrocephalus (Q04) Other congenital malformations of brain (Q05) Spina bifida (Q06) Other congenital malformations of spinal cord (Q07) Other congenital malformations of nervous... Lumbago is a term used to refer to low back pain. ...