Lubang Islang lies to the northwest of the northern end of Mindoro in the Philippines. It lies about 150 kilometers southwest of Manila. Lubang Island, about 30 kilometers in length and 10 kilometers wide at some points, is the largest of a group of 4 large islands and numerous smallet islets. To the east lies the circular-shaped Ambil Island. To the southeast is the narrow Golo Island and to the northwest is the small Cabra Island.

The islands are part of the province of Occidental Mindoro and are divided into two municipalities: Lubang and Looc. Lubang covers the western half of Lubang Island and Cabra Island, while Looc covers the remaining half of Lubang Island plus Ambil and Golo Islands.

Part of the recent history of the island is the curious story of Onoda Hiroo, a former Japanese army intelligence officer who was the last Japanese soldier to surrender in World War II. He hid in the jungles of Lubang Island when the Allies reclaimed the Philippines and engaged in continuous guerilla warfare refusing to believe the war was over. He surrendered in 1974, 29 years after the end of World War II.