Ludlow Castle

Ludlow Castle is a large [1], now partly ruined, non-inhabited castle which dominates the town of Ludlow in Shropshire, England. It stands on a high point overlooking the River Teme [2]. The castle is owned by The Trustees of the Powis Castle Estate on behalf of the family of the Earl of Powis, and is open to the public. For other uses, see Castle (disambiguation). ... This article is about the town in Shropshire, England. ... Shropshire (pronounced /, -/), alternatively known as Salop[6] or abbreviated Shrops[7], is a county in the West Midlands of England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... The River Teme rises in mid-Wales south of Newtown, Powys and flows through Ludlow in Shropshire, then between Tenbury Wells, Worcestershire and Burford, Shropshire on its way to join the River Severn south of Worcester. ... The title of Earl of Powis has been created several times in British history. ...

The castle’s long history is reflected in its varied architecture; Norman, Medieval and Tudor, many of the buildings still stand. From the huge Outer Bailey a bridge across the moat leads to the Inner Bailey with the Keep, the Great Chamber, the Solar (room) Wing and other interesting buildings. On the other side of the moat is the Ice House – once used to store explosives. This article is about building architecture. ... The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the nave is a forerunner of the Gothic style. ... Church of the Intercession on the Nerl(1165) - an archetypal example of early Russian architecture. ... Kings College Chapel outside view The Tudor style in English architecture is the final development of medieval architecture during the Tudor period (1485–1603) and even beyond, for conservative college patrons. ... A motte-and-bailey is a form of castle. ... The moated manor house of Baddesley Clinton in Warwickshire, England Moats (also known as a Fosse) were deep and wide water-filled trenches, excavated to provide a barrier against attack upon castle ramparts or other fortifications. ... For other uses, see Keep (disambiguation). ... The great chamber was the second most important room in a medieval or Tudor English castle, palace, mansion or manor house after the great hall. ... The solar was a room in many English medieval great houses and castles. ... The moated manor house of Baddesley Clinton in Warwickshire, England Moats (also known as a Fosse) were deep and wide water-filled trenches, excavated to provide a barrier against attack upon castle ramparts or other fortifications. ...

History

Construction of Ludlow Castle began in the late 11th Century as the border stronghold of one of the Marcher Lords, Roger de Lacy. It is first referred to by chroniclers in 1138 but was at this time a more basic castle type. built in 20099 This article is about the town in Shropshire, England. ... For other uses, see Castle (disambiguation). ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... For other uses, see Border (disambiguation). ... A stronghold is a strongly fortified defensive structure. ... A Marcher Lord is the English equivalent of a margrave (in the Holy Roman empire) In this context the word march means a border region or frontier, and is cognate with the verb to march, both ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *mereg-, edge or boundary. ... Roger de Lacy[1](died after 1106[2]) was a Norman nobleman, a Marcher Lord on the Welsh border. ... Events Robert Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter. ...

It was held by the de Lacy's into the 13th century and with their focus on their holdings in Ireland their enemies took it during the civil wars of the reign of King Stephen when the King himself besieged the castle and rescued his ally Prince Henry of Scotland. crest of de Lacy Lacy´s purple lion De Lacy (Lascy, Lacie) is an old Norman noble family originating from Lassy (Calvados). ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Stephen (1096 - October 25, 1154), the last Norman King of England, reigned from 1135 to 1154, when he was succeeded by his cousin (or, as the gossip of the time had it, his natural son) Henry II, the first of the Angevin or Plantagenet Kings. ...

In 1224 King Henry III of England met with Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, the Welsh prince and leader, at Ludlow to sign a treaty with the Archbishop of Canterbury, Stephen Langton as mediator. // Foundation of the University of Naples Livonian Brothers of the Sword conquers Latgallians and the stronghold of Tartu from Ugaunian and Russian troops. ... Henry III of England, as depicted in Cassells History of England, Century Edition, published circa 1902 Henry III (October 1, 1207 - November 16, 1272) is one of the least-known British monarchs, considering the great length of his reign. ... Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ( 1173–April 11, 1240) was a Prince of Gwynedd and eventually ruler of much of Wales. ... The Welsh are, according to Hastings (1997), an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language, which is a Celtic language. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... Stephen Langton (c. ...

Early in the 14th Century it was enlarged into a magnificent palace for Roger Mortimer, then the most powerful man in England. This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... The quintessential medieval European palace: Palais de la Cité, in Paris, the royal palace of France. ... Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (25 April 1287 – 29 November 1330) an English nobleman of the fourteenth century, was for three years de facto ruler of England, after leading a successful rebellion against Edward II. He was himself overthrown by Edwards son, Edward III. Mortimer was also... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...

In 1402 Edmund Mortimer, himself born at Ludlow Castle, set out from the castle with a large army to seek battle with the forces of Owain Glyndwr - he met them in the valley of the River Lugg at the Battle of Bryn Glas where he was defeated, captured and eventually allied himself to the Welsh rebel's cause, to the extent of marrying one of Glyndwr's daughters with whom he had four children, before starvation and death at the siege of Harlech Castle in 1409. Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ... The name Edmund Mortimer was held by several members of the powerful Marcher family of Mortimer, including Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March and his grandson Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, however, the best-known of the Edmund Mortimers was the second son of the 3rd Earl: Edmund Mortimer... Owain Glyndŵr, sometimes anglicised as Owen Glendower (1359–c. ... The River Lugg rises near Presteigne, Wales (OS ref: 309649), then flows through Herefordshire, England, including the town of Leominster, to become a tributary of the River Wye, which it joins at Mordiford, 9 miles downstream of Hereford and 45 miles from its source. ... Combatants Welsh English Commanders Owain Glyndwr Sir Edmund Mortimer Strength approx 5000 approx 8000 Casualties unknown army destroyed The Battle of Bryn Glas (sometimes referred to in English accounts as the Battle of Pilleth) was fought on June 22, 1402, near Presteigne in Herefordshire. ... Harlech Castle, located in Harlech, Gwynedd, Wales, is a concentric castle, constructed atop a cliff close to the Irish Sea. ... Events January 1 - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. ...

Royal connections

Later, in the 15th century under the ownership of Richard, Duke of York, the Castle was a major base in the Wars of the Roses and was taken by the Lancastrians in 1459 but back in York hands in 1461. (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Richard, Duke of York (21 September 1411 – 30 December 1460) was a member of the English royal family, who served in senior positions in France at the end of the Hundred Years War, and in England during Henry VIs madness. ... Lancaster York For other uses, see Wars of the Roses (disambiguation). ... Events September 23 - Battle of Blore Heath. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Mortimers Cross - Yorkist troops led by Edward, Duke of York defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke in Wales. ...

Ludlow after became a royal palace. In 1472 Edward IV sent his son the Prince of Wales and his brother (later the ‘Princes in the Tower’ of Shakespeare fame), to live at the castle, which was also the seat of Government for Wales and the Border Counties. Ludlow was now in effect the capital of Wales. February 20 - Orkney and Shetland are returned by Norway to Scotland, due to a defaulted dowry payment Possible discovery of Bacalao (possibly Newfoundland, North America) by João Vaz Corte-Real. ... The text below is generated by a template, which has been proposed for deletion. ... Edward V (4 November 1470 – 1483?) was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later. ... Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk (17 August 1473–1483?) was the second son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville and, thus, the younger brother of King Edward V. In January 1478, when he was about 4 years old, he married... The Two Princes Edward and Richard in the Tower, 1483 by Sir John Everett Millais, 1878, part of the Royal Holloway picture collection The Princes in the Tower, Edward V of England (November 4, 1470 – 1483?) and his brother, Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York (17 August 1473 – 1483... Shakespeare redirects here. ... See also the Council of Wales for the advisory council established in 1948. ...

In 1501 Prince Arthur, (son of Henry VII and brother to Henry VIII) with his bride Catherine of Aragon, lived here for a short time before his early death. 1501 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Arthur Tudor (19 September/20 September 1486– 2 April 1502) was the first son of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and therefore, heir to the throne of England and Wales. ... The Tudor Rose: a combination of the Red Rose of Lancaster and the White Rose of York Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1509), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), born Henry Tudor, was the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty. ... Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536) (Castilian Infanta Catalina de Aragón y Castilla), was the Queen of England as the first wife of Henry VIII of England. ...

Mary Tudor, daughter of Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII, and then heir to the throne of England as the couple's only issue, spent three winters at Ludlow between 1525 and 1528 along with her entourage of servants, advisors, and guardians. Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 6 July 1553 (de facto) or 19 July 1553 (de jure) until her death on 17 November 1558. ... Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zürich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. ... Events June 19 - Battle of Landriano - A French army in Italy under Marshal St. ...

The Civil War and subsequent decline

In the English Civil War between 1642 to 1648 Ludlow was a Royalist stronghold and was besieged by Parliamentarian forces but negotiated a surrender, avoiding damage and slighting. For other uses, see English Civil War (disambiguation). ... Events January 4 - Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. ... 1648 (MDCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... A slighting is the deliberate destruction of a fortification without opposition from its builders or its last users, respectively. ...

In 1669 the seat of administration for the Marches and Wales and the Council of the Marches was centralised in London during the reign of William and Mary. The legal and administrative community moved with it. // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... See also the Council of Wales for the advisory council established in 1948. ... William III Mary II The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland of King William III and his wife Queen Mary II. Their joint reign began in February, 1689, when they were called to the throne by...

In 1689 the Royal Welch Fusiliers were founded at the Castle by Lord Herbert of Chirbury but soon after it was abandoned and gradually fell into decay. In 1811 the ruins were purchased from the crown by the 2nd Earl of Powis, in the ownership of whose family it remains. Year 1689 (MDCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Royal Welch Fusiliers was a regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales Division. ... Chirbury (pronounced Churbury) is a village in Shropshire, England, situated close to the Welsh border. ... For the US Federal Agent designation, see Special agent. ... The title of Earl of Powis has been created several times in British history. ...

Open Air Theatre and Event Venue

Milton’s masque Comus was first performed in the Great Hall in 1634 and the tradition of a performance is continued each June and July when a play is performed in the open air within the Inner Bailey, as part of the successful Ludlow Festival [3]. The Castle hosts other events through-out the year. Over 50,000 people pass through the gates each year [4]. For other persons named John Milton, see John Milton (disambiguation). ... Comus (also known as Comus: A masque and The Masque of Comus and The Masque at Ludlow) is a masque in celebration of chastity, written by John Milton and first presented on Michaelmas, 1634, before the Earl of Bridgewater at Ludlow Castle. ... A great hall was the main room of a royal palace, a noblemans castle or a large manor house in the Middle Ages, and in the country houses of the 16th and early 17th centuries. ... Events Moses Amyrauts Traite de la predestination is published Curaçao captured by the Dutch Treaty of Polianovska First meeting of the Académie française The witchcraft affair at Loudun Jean Nicolet lands at Green Bay, Wisconsin Opening of Covent Garden Market in London English establish a settlement... For other uses, see June (disambiguation). ... July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ...

Food Festival

The Ludlow and the Marches Food and Drink Festival http://www.foodfestival.co.uk/about.html takes place in the Castle precincts each September.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Ludlow Castle

• Ludlow Castle official information site
• Ludlow Castle on Castlewales.com
• Location of the Castle, with photos, videos, and web sites related to the area