Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (12 September 1837 in Bessungen, now Darmstadt - 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the second daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. His children and grandchildren married into the imperial and royal houses of Russia, Germany, Great Britain, and Greece. One of his grandsons was Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and one his great grandsons is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the consort of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links LudwigIVhesse. ... Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links LudwigIVhesse. ... Jump to: navigation, search September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Germany showing Darmstadt Darmstadt is a city in the Bundesland (federal state) of Hesse in Germany. ... Jump to: navigation, search March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Germany showing Darmstadt Darmstadt is a city in the Bundesland (federal state) of Hesse in Germany. ... Her Royal Highness The Princess Alice (Alice Maud Mary), (25 April 1843 - 14 December 1878, was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... Jump to: navigation, search Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January 1877 until her death. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Jump to: navigation, search Sir Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, PC, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, FRS, (25 June 1900 – 27 August 1979) was a British admiral and statesman and an uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. ... HRH The Duke of Edinburgh The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, KG, KT, OM, GBE, AC, QSO, PC, (Philip Mountbatten, formerly Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark) (born 10 June 1921) is the consort of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor), born 21 April 1926) is the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda...

His Grand Ducal Highness Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl, was born at Darmstadt, the son of Prince Karl of Hesse and by Rhine (23 April 1809-20 March 1877) and Princess Elizabeth of Prussia (18 June 1815-21 March 1855). Prince Ludwig was a nephew of Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (9 June 1806-13 June 1877); of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (15 July 1823-15 December 1888), from whom the Battenberg and the Mountbatten families descended; and Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (8 August 1824-3 June 1880), who married Tsar Alexander II of Russia. Jump to: navigation, search April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ... 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... The Battle of New Orleans 1815 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Ludwig III (7 January 1845 - 18 October 1921) was briefly Prince Regent of Bavaria and was the last King of Bavaria from 1913 to 1918. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Prince Alexander of Hesse and by the Rhine 15 Jul 1823 - 1888. ... Jump to: navigation, search July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Battenberg (Eder) is a town of 5000 inhabitants in Northern Hesse, Germany. ... Mountbatten is the family name adopted by two branches of the Battenberg family due to rising anti-German sentiment among the British public during World War I. On 14 July 1917, Prince Louis of Battenberg assumed the surname Mountbatten (a literal translation of the German Battenberg) for himself and his... Marie of Hesse Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August 1824-8 June 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 1824 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search June 3 is the 154th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (155th in leap years), with 211 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1880 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Alexander II (1818-1881) MADDY IS AMAZING Alexander (Aleksandr) II (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (April 17, 1818–March 13, 1881) was the Emperor (tsar) of Russia from March 2, 1855 until his assassination. ...

On 1 July 1862 at Osbourne House on the Isle of Wight, Prince Ludwig married Princess Alice of Great Britain, the second daughter of Queen Victoria. On the day of the wedding, the Queen issued Letters Patent granting her new son-in-law the style of Royal Highness. This style was only in effect in Great Britain, not the German confederation where Prince Ludwig was only a Grand Ducal Highness. The Queen subsequently created him a Knight of the Garter. Their Royal Highness Prince and Princess Ludwig of Hesse had seven children: Jump to: navigation, search July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Isle of Wight is an island off the south coast of England, opposite Southampton. ... Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (Alice Maud Mary), (25 April 1843 – 14 December 1878, was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... Jump to: navigation, search A garter is one of the Orders most recognisable insignia. ...

• Princess Victoria of Hesse and the Rhine (5 April 1863-24 September 1950) m. her father's cousin HSH Prince Louis of Battenberg, later 1st Marquess of Milford-Haven (24 May 1854-11 September 1921), and had issue.
• Princess Elizabeth (1 November 1864-17 July 1918), took the name Elizabeth Feodorovna on her baptism into the Russian Orthodox Church, m. her father's cousin HIH The Grand Duke Sergei of Russia (11 May 1857-17 February 1905), the fifth son of Tsar Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna, nee Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine, and had no issue.
• Princess Irene (11 July 1866-11 November 1953) m. her first cousin, HRH Prince Heinrich of Prussia (14 August 1862-20 April 1929), the second son of Victoria, Princess Royal and the German Emperor Friedrich III and had issue.
• Prince Ernst Ludwig (25 November 1868-9 October 1937), succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, 13 March 1892, forced to abdicate 9 November 1918; m. 1st (divorced 1901) his first cousin HRH Princess Victoria Melita of Great Britain and of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (25 November 1876-2 March 1936), the second daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and later reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; m. 2nd HH Princess Eleonore zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich (17 September 1871-16 November 1937), and had issue.
• Prince Friedrich (7 October 1870-29 May 1873).
• Princess Alix (6 June 1872-17 July 1918), took the name Alexandra Feodorovna on her baptism into the Russian Orthodox Church, m. her second cousin, HIM Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (18 May 1868-17 July 1918), grandson of Ludwig IV's paternal aunt, [[Tsarina Maria Alexandrovna
• Princess Marie (24 May 1874-16 November 1878).

During the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Prince Ludwig commanded the Hessian cavalry in support of the Austrian side. Following Austria's defeat, Grand Duke Ludwig III switched his allegiance to Prussia. In the 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War, Prince Ludwig led the Hessian contingent of the armies of the North German Confederation. On 13 June 1877, he succeeded his uncle as Grand Duke of Hesse taking the name Ludwig IV. HGDH Princess Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (5 April 1863-24 September 1950) was the daughter of Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837-1892) and his wife Alice, Princess of Great Britain and Ireland (1843-1878). ... Jump to: navigation, search April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Jump to: navigation, search September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). ... 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Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna of Russia (Елизавета Фёдоровиа), née Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Elisabeth Alexandra Luise Alice of Hesse-Darmstadt (1 November 1864–18 July 1918), was the wife of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, the fifth son of Emperor Alexander II... Jump to: navigation, search November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 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Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (21 November 1840 – 5 August 1901) was the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria and her consort Albert. ... Friedrich III of Germany. ... Jump to: navigation, search Ernst Ludwig v. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 25 is the 329th (in leap years the 330th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search October 9 is the 282nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (283rd in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 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Princess Alix of Hesse, as Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918) Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine (Alix Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice, 6 June 1872 - 17 July 1918), was the consort of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Tsar of Russia. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 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Following the death of Princess Alice in 1878, Ludwig IV contracted a morganatic marriage on 30 April 1884 with Alexandrina Hutten-Czapska (3 September 1854-8 May 1941), the former wife of Alexander Kolémine, the Russian chargé d'affaires in Darmstadt. His second wife received the title Countess von Romrod. The marriage, which caused great concern within his family, was annulled within a year. Grand Duke Ludwig IV died on 13 March 1892 and was succeeded by his son, Ernst Ludwig. His remains are buried at Rosenhöhe, the mausoleum for the Grand Ducal House of Hesse outside of Darmstadt. 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A morganatic marriage is a type of marriage which can be contracted in certain countries, usually between persons of unequal social rank (unebenbürtig in German), which prevents the passage of the husbands titles and privileges to the wife and any children born of the marriage. ... April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining, as the last day in April. ... 1884 is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search May 8 is the 128th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (129th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...