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Encyclopedia > Lysyl oxidase
lysyl oxidase
Identifiers
Symbol LOX
HUGO 6664
Entrez 4015
OMIM 153455
RefSeq NM_002317
UniProt P28300
Other data
EC number 1.4.3.13
Locus Chr. 5 q23.3-31.2

Lysyl oxidase is an extracellular enzyme that catalyzes formation of aldehydes from lysine residues in collagen and elastin precursors. These aldehydes are highly reactive, and undergo spontaneous chemical reactions with other lysyl oxidase-derived aldehyde residues, or with unmodified lysine residues. This results in cross-linking collagen and elastin which is essential for stabilization of collagen fibrils and for the integrity and elasticity of mature elastin. Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Short and long arms Chromosome. ... Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... An aldehyde is either a functional group consisting of a terminal carbonyl group, or a compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. ... Lysine is one of the 20 amino acids normally found in proteins. ... Tropocollagen triple helix. ... Elastin, also known as elasticin, is a protein in connective tissue that is elastic and allows skin to return to its original position when it is poked or pinched. ... Vulcanization is an example of cross-linking. ...


Complex cross-links are formed in collagen (pyrodininolines derived from three lysine residues) and in elastin (desmosines derived from four lysine residues) that differ in structure.


The importance of lysyl oxidase-derived cross-linking was established from animal studies in which lysyl oxidase was inhibited either by nutritional copper-deficiency or by supplementation of diets with β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), an inhibitor of lysyl oxidase. This resulted in lathyrism, characterized by poor bone formation and strength, hyperextensible skin, weak ligaments, and increased occurrence of aortic aneurysms. These abnormalities correlated well with decreased cross-linking of collagen and elastin. Thanks to the Grasspea Flour, an aquatint print by Goya showing the effects of Lathyrism Lathyrism or Neurolathyrism is a neurological disease of humans and domestic animals, caused by eating certain legumes of the genus Lathyrus. ... An aneurysm (or aneurism) (from Gr. ...


References

  • Molecular Biology of the Cell - Alberts (2002 - 4th Edition) ISBN 0815332181

See also

An oxidase is any enzyme that catalyzes an oxidation/reduction reaction involving molecular oxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. ...

External links

v • d • e
CH-NH2 oxidoreductases (EC 1.4)

Amino acid oxidoreductases: D-amino acid oxidase, Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1), Lysyl oxidase Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule (the oxidant, also called the hydrogen donor or electron donor) to another (the reductant, also called the hydrogen acceptor or electron acceptor). ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... Amino acid oxidoreductases are oxidoreductases, a type of enzyme, that act upon amino acids. ... D-amino acid oxidase is an enzyme found in peroxisomes. ... Glutamate dehydrogenase is an enzyme, present in mitochondria, as are some of the other enzymes required for urea synthesis, that converts glutamate to α-Ketoglutarate, and vice versa. ... GLUD1 (Glutamate dehydrogenase 1) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme, with a key role in the nitrogen and glutamate (Glu) metabolism and the energy homeostasis. ...


Monoamine oxidase Monoamine oxidase Monoamine oxidases (singular abbreviation MAO) (EC 1. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Patent 6,808,707 (3322 words)
The purified tropoelastin and lysyl oxidase may then be suspended in a liquid, such as an aqueous solution (e.g., water or saline) or an organic solvent, or provided in a dry powder form, or in a lyophilized form.
In another embodiment, the lysyl oxidase is kept in an inactive from in the presence of the tropoelastin, and the lysyl oxidase not activated until right before use.
Lysyl oxidase is the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of lysine residues leading to the non-enzymatic condensation of the modified lysine side chains.
Regulation of Lysyl Oxidase by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells -- Feres-Filho et al. 271 ... (5536 words)
Lysyl oxidase catalyzes the oxidative deamination of peptidyl-lysine to peptidyl-
Extracellular lysyl oxidase activity is the final enzymatic step required for cross-linking and deposition of elastin and collagen in connective tissues(1, 2).
Although lysyl oxidase steady-state mRNA levels were reported not to increase during the period of increased collagen accumulation(51), measurements of lysyl oxidase enzyme activity were not presented.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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