NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Lyudmila Pavlichenko

Lyudmila Mikhailovna Pavlichenko (Ukrainian: Людмила Михайлівна Павліченко, Russian: Людмила Михайловна Павличенко; July 12, 1916 Bila Tserkva, Ukrainian SSR - 10 October 1974) was a soldier for the Soviet Union and a Soviet sniper, arguably the greatest female sniper who ever lived. Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links LyudmilaPavlichenko. ... Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links LyudmilaPavlichenko. ... July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... Bila Tserkva (Ukrainian Бiла Церква, literally White Church, Polish Biała Cerkiew, Russian Белая Церковь, Belaya Tserkov) is a city in Kyivska oblast of Ukraine. ... State motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ñ– Ð²ÑÑ–Ñ… ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—Ð½, Ñ”Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ! Official language None. ... Jump to: navigation, search October 10 is the 283rd day of the year (284th in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1974 is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... Soviet snipers, also referred to as Russian snipers, played an important role during World War II (known as Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union, in Russia, and in some other post-Soviet states). ... The traditional definition of a sniper is an infantry soldier especially skilled in field craft and marksmanship who kills selected enemies from concealment with a rifle at large distances. ...

Pavlichenko became a bright student in her elementary years. By the time she was fourteen, her parents moved to Kiev, the capital of Ukrainian SSR. There she joined a shooting club and developed into a sharpshooter, while working as a grinder at the Kyiv Arsenal. In the 1930s, youngsters in Soviet cities (all boys and many girls) were fond of military-related sports and hobbies: shooting, driving trucks and airplanes, radio, etc. (see DOSAAF). A monument to St. ... State motto: ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ñ– Ð²ÑÑ–Ñ… ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ—Ð½, Ñ”Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ! Official language None. ... A marksman (also designated marksman) is a profession which is mostly to be found in military context. ... In materials processing a grinder is a machine for producing fine particle size reduction through attrition and compressive forces at the grain size level. ... Kiev Arsenal factory (Ukrainian and Russian: Завод Арсенал ; Zavod Arsenal) is one of the oldest and most famous industrial factories of the Ukrainian capital Kiev. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were spent struggling for a solution to the global depression. ... Driving is the controlled operation of a vehicle, which is usually a motor vehicle such as a truck, bus, motorcycle, or car. ... The driver of this DAF tractor with an auto-transport semi-trailer prepares to offload Skoda Octavia cars in Cardiff, Wales For further uses of the word truck, see Truck (disambiguation). ... Fixed-wing aircraft is a term used to refer to what are more commonly known as aeroplanes in Commonwealth English (excluding Canada) or airplanes in North American English. ... DOSAAF was the name a paramilitary society of the Soviet Union, Voluntary Society of Assistance to the Army, the Air Force and the Navy. ...

In June of 1941, while Pavlichenko was studying history at the Kiev University, Nazi Germany launched the war on Soviet Union (see also Operation Barbarossa), whereupon she rushed to join the military. At the recruiting office, she requested to join the infantry and carry a rifle. The recruiter laughed at her and suggested a nurse specialization. Being strong willed, she refused, pulling out a marksmanship certificate to prove her worth. Pavlichenko joined the Red Army's 25th Infantry Division and became one of the 2000 Soviet female snipers, of whom only about 500 survived the war. As a sniper, she made her first two kills near Belyayevka, using a Soviet Mosin-Nagant 5-shot bolt action rifle (adapted for sniping with a P.E. 4-power scope). It fired a 148 gr (9.6 g) bullet at a velocity of 2800 ft/s (853 m/s), being effective out to 600 yd (550 m). 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Shevchenko Kyiv University in Kyiv is the largest and most important university of Ukraine. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... The Eastern Front1 was the theatre of combat between Nazi Germany and its allies against the Soviet Union during World War II. It was somewhat separate from the other theatres of the war, not only geographically, but also for its scale and ferocity. ... Original German plan Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the German codename for Nazi Germanys invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that commenced on June 22, 1941. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A rifle is a firearm that uses a spiral groove cut into the barrel to spin a projectile (usually a bullet), thus improving accuracy and range of the projectile. ... A nurse is a health care professional who is engaged in the practice of nursing. ... A certificate is an official document affirming some fact. ... This article is about the armed forces of the Soviet Union. ... The traditional definition of a sniper is an infantry soldier especially skilled in field craft and marksmanship who kills selected enemies from concealment with a rifle at large distances. ... The Mosin-Nagant (Мосин-Наган) is a military rifle of Russia and later the Soviet Union, in service in various forms from 1891 until the 1960s, when it was finally replaced in its final function as a sniper rifle by the SVD rifle (Снайперская винтовка Драгунова - Snayperskaya Vintovka Dragunova - Dragunov... A rifle is a firearm that uses a spiral groove cut into the barrel to spin a projectile (usually a bullet), thus improving accuracy and range of the projectile. ...

Pvt. Pavlichenko fought about two and a half months near Odessa, where she recorded 187 kills. When the Germans gained control of Odessa, her unit was pulled to be sent to Sevastopol on the Crimean Peninsula. In May 1942, Lieutenant Pavlichenko was cited by the Southern Army Council for killing 257 German soldiers. Her total confirmed kills during WWII was 309, including 36 enemy snipers. Pavlichenko found the kill logbook of one of the German snipers she killed. He had taken the lives of over 500 Soviet soldiers. Jump to: navigation, search ODESSA (German Organisation der ehemaligen SS-AngehÃ¶rigen; The Organization of Former SS-Members) was an alleged Nazi-German fugitive network set up towards the end of World War II by a group of SS officers. ... Sevastopol (Ð¡ÐµÐ²Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑŒ, Sevastopolâ€™ in Russian and Ukrainian; Aqyar in Crimean Tatar), formerly known as Sebastopol, is a port city in Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimean peninsula. ... The Crimea (officially Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukrainian transliteration: Avtonomna Respublika Krym, Ukrainian: Автономна Республіка Крим, Russian: Автономная Республика Крым, pronounced cry-MEE-ah in English) is a peninsula and an autonomous republic of Ukraine on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... This article is about the year. ... German soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad World War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the worlds nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. ...

In June 1942, Pavlichenko was wounded by mortar fire. Because she was a heroine, she was pulled from combat less than a month after recovering from her wound. She was sent to Canada and the United States for a propaganda visit and became the first Soviet citizen to be received by a U.S. President. Franklin D. Roosevelt and his wife welcomed her at the White House. Later, Pavlichenko was invited by Eleanor Roosevelt to tour America relating her experiences. She appeared before the International Student Assembly being held in Washington, D.C., having received a heroine's welcome. Later she attended C.I.O. meetings and made appearances and speeches in New York City. In Canada, she was presented with a Winchester rifle with an optical sight, which is now on display at the Central Museum of the Armed Forces in Moscow. Mortar has several meanings: A mortar is a military weapon into which is dropped a mortar shell, which is then fired in a high ballistic trajectory. ... Jump to: navigation, search State motto (Russian): ÐŸÑ€Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½, ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¹Ñ‚ÐµÑÑŒ! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Anthems: The Internationale (1922-1944) / Hymn of the Soviet Union (1944-1991) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Socialist republics/ Communist state Last Premier Ivan Silayev Last... For the pop band, see Presidents of the United States of America. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... Jump to: navigation, search The southern side of the White House The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. ... Jump to: navigation, search Eleanor Roosevelt Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (October 11, 1884 in New York City â€“ November 7, 1962 in New York City) was an American human rights activist, journalist, author, diplomat and as the wife of President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, the longest serving First Lady... Washington, D.C. is the capital city of the United States of America. ... The Congress of Industrial Organizations, or CIO, was a federation of unions that organized industrial workers in the United States and Canada in the 1930s through the 1950s. ... New York City, officially named the City of New York, is the most populous city in the United States, the most densely populated major city in North America, and is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture. ... Winchester Rifle refers to an early family of repeating rifles manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company that was used widely in the United States during the latter half of the 19th century. ... Moscow (Russian: ÐœÐ¾ÑÐºÐ²Ð°Ì, Moskva, IPA: listen?) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ...

Having attained the rank of Major, Pavlichenko never returned to combat but became an instructor and trained hundreds of Soviet snipers until the war's end. In 1943 she received the Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union. After the war, she finished her education at Kiev University and began a career as an historian. From 1945 to 1953, she was a research assistant of the Chief HQ of the Soviet Navy (being also involved in numerous international conferences and congresses). Later, she was active in the Soviet Committee of the Veterans of War. Generally, rank is a system of hierarchy used to classify like things. ... Major is the name most commonly given to the military rank equivalent to NATO rank code OF-3. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... Hero of the Soviet Union (Russian: Ð“ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¡Ð¾ÑŽÐ·Ð°) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the former USSR. It included the Order of Lenin (the highest Soviet award) and, as the sign of excellence, the Gold Star medal with the certificate of the heroic deed (gramota) from... Shevchenko Kyiv University in Kyiv is the largest and most important university of Ukraine. ... A historian is a person who studies history. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Soviet Naval ensign The Soviet Naval jack The Soviet Navy (Russian: Ð’Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ñ„Ð»Ð¾Ñ‚ Ð¡Ð¡Ð¡Ð , Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR, literally Naval military forces of the USSR) was the naval arm of the Soviet armed forces. ...

Lyudmyla Pavlichenko is buried at the Novodevichye Cemetery in Moscow. Jump to: navigation, search Novodevichy Cemetery (ÐÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡ÑŒÐµ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÌÐ´Ð±Ð¸Ñ‰Ðµ, Novodevichye kladbishche) is the most famous cemetery in Moscow, Russia, situated next to the World Heritage Site, the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the citys third most popular tourist site. ... Moscow (Russian: ÐœÐ¾ÑÐºÐ²Ð°Ì, Moskva, IPA: listen?) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ...

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