Measurement While Drilling - a procedure used on drilling rigs to transmit information about downhole conditions and orientation in real time, without interrupting the drilling operation. The data is most commonly used for directional drilling applications. Measurement While Drilling is commonly shortened to the acronym, MWD in drilling operations. MWD tools are typically used to survey the path of a drilled well, as well as orient a downhole bent mud motor (or bent orienting sub) to drill in a desired direction. Another use of MWD is real timeacquisition of natural gamma values. Generally, MWD tools use accelerometers and magnetometers to measure the tool orientation with respect to the earth's gravitational and magnetic fields. Natural gas drilling rig A drilling rig or oil rig is a structure housing equipment used to drill for water, oil or natural gas from underground reservoirs. ... ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Data acquisition is the sampling of the real world to generate data that can be manipulated by a computer. ... This article is about electromagnetic radiation. ... A depiction of an accelerometer designed at Sandia National Laboratories. ... A magnetometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the strength of magnetic fields. ... Gravity is a force of attraction that acts between bodies that have mass. ... It has been suggested that Magnetic field density be merged into this article or section. ...
Wellbore Surveying
When surveying the wellbore, the MWD tool sends information via Mud pulse telemetry to a surface system which converts the accelerometer and magnetometer information into a wellbore inclination and direction. By taking multiple surveys through the course of the well profile, a well path can be constructed showing the three-dimensional placement of the well in the subsurface. Survey information is commonly used to determine if a well path will intersect a subsurface target, or to determine the well's proximity to another well or boundary.gorkem Mud Pulse Telemetry - The transmition of encoded data through a drilling rigs drilling mud system using rapid fluctuations in the pressure of a closed loop circulating system. ...
Downhole Orientation
When orienting a downhole tool for directional drilling, the MWD tool sends either accelerometer or magnetometer information via Mud Pulse Telemetry to a surface system which converts the information into an orientation of the downhole tool relative to the top of the hole (high-side) or relative to magnetic north (magnetic). Magnetic orientation is used when the wellbore is near vertical, while high-side orientation is used when there is some angle in the hole. This orientation information is commonly referred to as 'toolface'.
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