FACTOID # 175: Canadians drink more fruit juice than the citizens of any other nation - more than one litre each, every week.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

FACTS & STATISTICS    Simple view

  1. Select countries to view: (hold down Control key and click to select several)

     

     

    Compare:

     

     
  1. Select fact or statistic: (* = graphable)

     

     

     

  2. (OPTIONAL) Compare to statistic: (both need to be graphable)

     

     

     

  3. View result as:

     

       
(OR) SEARCH ALL encyclopedia, stats & forums:   

Encyclopedia > Ma clique
Flag of Xibei San Ma
Enlarge
Flag of Xibei San Ma

The Ma clique (Traditional Chinese: 馬家軍; Simplified Chinese: 马家军; pinyin: Mǎ Jiājūn; literally "Ma family army") was a family of warlords who ruled the Chinese provinces of Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia from the 1910's until 1949. The three most prominent warlords were Ma Bufang, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Hongbin, collectively known as the Xibei San Ma (lit. Three Mas of the Northwest); other prominent Ma's included Ma Qi, Ma Lin, and Ma Zhongying. The Three Mas took control of the region during the Warlord Era, siding first with the Guominjun and then the Kuomintang; they fought against the Red Army during the Long March and the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the final stages of the Chinese Civil War they fought for the Kuomintang side until the communists emerged victorious and established a unified Chinese state (the People's Republic of China) in 1949. Upon the arrival of communist forces, Ma Hongbin defected to the communists while Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui fled with the Kuomintang. Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also Simplified Chinese: 简化字; Traditional Chinese: 簡化字; pinyin: jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin, where pin means spell(ing) and yin means sound(s)). This article describes the most common variant called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; pinyin: HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n), also known as scheme... Warlord is a term that refers to one who has de facto military control of a subnational area, due to armed forces which are personally obedient to — somewhat circularly — that warlord. ... For other province-level divisions, see Political divisions of China. ... Qinghai (Chinese: 青海; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ching-hai; Postal System Pinyin: Tsinghai; Tibetan: མཚོ་སྔོན་ mtsho-sngon; Mongolian: Köke Naγur; Manchu: Huhu Noor) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, named after the enormous Qinghai Lake. ... Gansu (Simplified Chinese: 甘肃; Traditional Chinese: 甘肅; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kan-su, Kansu, or Kan-suh) is a province located in the northwest of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Ningxia (Simplified Chinese: 宁夏; Traditional Chinese: 寧夏; Pinyin: Níngxià; Wade-Giles: Ning-hsia; Postal Pinyin: Ningsia), full name Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Simplified Chinese: 宁夏回族自治区; Traditional Chinese: 寧夏回族自治區; Pinyin: Níngxià Huízú ZìzhìqÅ«), is a Hui autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China, located on the northwest Loess... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... Nicknamed the Flutist, Ma Lin was one of the 108 Liangshan bandits in the epic Chinese tale the Water Margin. ... The warlord era represents the period in the history of the Republic of China from 1916 to 1928 when the country was divided by various military cliques. ... The Guominjun (Traditional Chinese: 國民軍; Simplified Chinese: 国民军; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Kuominchun), or Nationalist Army, refers to the military faction founded by Feng Yuxiang during Chinas Warlord Era. ... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang; Tongyong Pinyin: Jhōngguó GuómíndÇŽng), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a conservative political party currently active in the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. ... Overview map of the course of the Long March The Long March (Chinese: 長征; Pinyin: ChángzhÄ“ng) was a massive military retreat undertaken by the armies of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the Peoples Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army. ... Combatants Republic of China Empire of Japan Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Zedong, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Zhu De, He Yingqin Tojo Hideki, Matsui Iwane, Minami Jiro, Kesago Nakajima, Toshizo Nishio, Neiji Okamura. ... Combatants Chinese Nationalist Party Chinese Communist Party Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 3,600,000 circa June 1948 2,800,000 circa June 1948 The Chinese Civil War (Traditional Chinese: 國共内戰; Simplified Chinese: 国共内战; Pinyin: guógòng neìzhàn; literally Nationalist-Communist Civil War) was a conflict in... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ...


The Ma's were all ethnic Hui, an ethnic group in China noted for its adherence to Islam. Hui can refer to: Hui people, a Chinese ethnic group. ... For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ...


External links

  • Xibei San Ma at FOTW
Warlord era in early Republic of China (1916-1930)
Main events (1916–1930) Northern Factions Southern Factions Other figures

Yuan Shikai The warlord era represents the period in the history of the Republic of China from 1916 to 1928 when the country was divided by various military cliques. ... The Republic of China (Traditional Chinese: 中華民國; Pinyin: Zhōng huá mín guó) succeeded the Qing Dynasty in 1912, ending 2,000 years of imperial rule. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Twenty-One Demands were a set of demands which the Japanese government of Okuma Shigenobu sent to the Chinese government on January 18th, 1915, which China gave into and signed two treaties with Japan on May 25th. ... Flag of the Empire of China that was in actual use[1] Flag of the Empire of China that was official[1] The Empire of China (Traditional Chinese: 中華帝國; Simplified Chinese: 中华帝国; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Dìguó) was a short-lived attempt by statesman and general Yuan Shikai from late 1915 to... The National Protection War (Chinese: ), also known as the anti-Monarchy War, was a civil war that took place in China between 1915 and 1916. ... Yuan Shikai in military uniform Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rongan 容庵 Traditional Chinese: 袁世凱; Simplified Chinese: 袁世凯; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Yüan Shih-kai) (September 16, 1859 – June 5, 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ... The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 was a conference, organized by the victors of World War I to negotiate the peace treaties between the Allied and Associated Powers and the defeated Central Powers. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang; Tongyong Pinyin: Jhōngguó Guómíndǎng), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a conservative political party currently active in the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. ... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (official name) also known as Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; Pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng) is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Nationalist Party of China Army Officer Academy (Chinese: 中國國民黨陸軍軍官學校; pinyin: ), commonly known as the Whampoa Military Academy (Chinese: 黃埔軍校; pinyin: ), was a military academy in China that produced many prestigious commanders who fought in the Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War. ... The First Zhili-Fengtian War (Chinese: ; pinyin: Dìyīcì Zhífèng Zhànzhēng) was a 1922 conflict in the Republic of Chinas Warlord Era between the Zhili and Fengtian cliques for control of Beijing. ... The First United Front of the Kuomintang, Nationalist Party of China was formed in 1926 to enable the implementation of the Northern Expedition. ... The Northern Expedition (北伐) was a military campaign led by the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) and the Communist Party of China from 1926 to 1927. ... 412 Incident was a large-scale purge to Communists in the Chinese Nationalist Party in Shanghai, which was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek, occured on 12 April 1927 during the Northern Expedition. ... The Nanchang Uprising (Chinese: ; pinyin: Nánchāng Qǐyì) (August 1, 1927) was the first major Kuomintang-Communist engagement of the Chinese Civil War. ... The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan province in China in 1927, led by Mao Zedong (later known as Chairman Mao). ... The Guangzhou Uprising of 1927 is a failed communist uprising in the city of Guangzhou. ... Huanggutun railroad shortly after the explosion Huanggutun Incident (Chinese: 皇姑屯事件; Japanese: 張作霖爆殺事件) was an assassination plotted by Japanese Kantogun that targeted Fengtian warlord Zhang Zuolin. ... Beiyang Governments Five Color flag. ... Combatants Forces of Chiang Kai-shek Forces of the coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren Commanders Han Fuju, Liu Zhi Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren Strength 600,000 800,000 Casualties ~95,000+ ~150,000+ Central Plains War (Traditional Chinese: 中原大戰; Simplified Chinese: 中原大战; pinyin: Zhōngyúan... Yuan Shikai in military uniform Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rongan 容庵 Traditional Chinese: 袁世凱; Simplified Chinese: 袁世凯; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Yüan Shih-kai) (September 16, 1859 – June 5, 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ...



 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your comments
Please enter the 5-letter protection code

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:
 


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.