This article or section contains information about scheduled or expected future software. The content may change dramatically as the software release approaches and more information becomes available.

Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard"

A screenshot of Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard.
Company/ developer:	Apple Computer
OS family:	BSD
Kernel type:	Hybrid kernel (XNU)
Working state:	in development, previewed during the 2006 WWDC (August 7)

Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard" is the name of the upcoming sixth major release of the Mac OS X operating system for Apple Computer's Macintosh line of computers. Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard" was shown to developers for the first time at the 2006 Worldwide Developers Conference; Apple CEO Steve Jobs announced that Leopard would be released in the end of the second quarter of 2007.^[1] Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_kpager. ... Image File history File links MacOSX10-5. ... The term software company could be applied to; a) a company that produces software or b) a company that distributes software from a third party or c) a company that provides services for software. ... A software developer is a programmer who is concerned with one or more facets of the software development process, a somewhat broader scope of computer programming. ... Apple Computer, Inc. ... BSD redirects here; for other uses see BSD (disambiguation). ... A kernel connects the software and hardware of a computer. ... Graphical overview of a hybrid kernel Hybrid kernels are essentially microkernels that have some non-essential machine code in the kernel address space in order for that code to run more quickly than it would were it to be in user space. ... XNU is the name of the kernel that Apple acquired and developed for use in the Mac OS X operating system and released as open source as part of the Darwin operating system. ... WWDC 2005, at Moscone Center The Worldwide Developers Conference, commonly abbreviated WWDC, is an annual trade show for Apple developers. ... Mac OS X (IPA pronunciation: ) is a line of proprietary, graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Computer, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently shipping Macintosh computers. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Apple Computer, Inc. ... The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ... WWDC 2005, at Moscone Center The Worldwide Developers Conference, commonly abbreviated WWDC, is an annual trade show for Apple developers. ... Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is the co-founder and CEO of Apple Computer and was the CEO of Pixar until its acquisition by Disney. ... 2007 (MMVII) will be a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

New features

Time Machine screenshot

Leopard will include a software assistant called Boot Camp^[2] that assists in the installation of Windows XP Home or Professional Edition (SP2 only) to a separate partition (or separate internal drive) on Intel-based Macs. Image File history File links TimeMachinePreview. ... Image File history File links TimeMachinePreview. ... Boot Camp is a software assistant made available by Apple Computer that assists users in installing Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 2 (both Home and Professional Editions) on Intel-based Macintosh computers. ... Windows XP is a line of operating systems developed by Microsoft Corporation for use on general-purpose computer systems, including home and business desktops, notebook computers, and media centers. ...

Boot Camp was first revealed as a public beta on Apple's web site on April 5, 2006. Although intended for the installation of Windows XP, preview versions of Boot Camp have been used to assist in the installation of other operating systems such as Windows Vista^[3], Linux^[4] and Solaris^[5]. April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Windows Vista is the name of the upcoming release of Microsoft Windows, a line of graphical operating systems used on personal computers, including home and business desktops, notebook computers, and media centers. ... Linux (also known as GNU/Linux) is a Unix-like computer operating system. ... Solaris is a computer operating system developed by Sun Microsystems. ...

Features announced at the 2006 Worldwide Developers Conference include:

1. Native support by all libraries and frameworks for 64-bit applications, allowing 64-bit Carbon and Cocoa applications. Existing 32-bit applications using those libraries and frameworks will continue to run without the need for emulation or translation.
2. Time Machine: an automated backup utility which allows the user to restore any file that has been deleted, misplaced or replaced by another version of a file.^[6]
3. "The Complete Package": Front Row and Photo Booth, currently only available with the purchase of a new Mac, will be included with Leopard.
4. Spaces: an implementation of "virtual desktops" (individually called "spaces") for Mac OS X, allowing users to have multiple desktops per computer and be able to place certain applications and windows in a desktop. Users can organize certain Spaces for certain applications (i.e., one for work-related tasks and one for entertainment) and switch between them. Exposé will work inside Spaces, allowing the user to see all at a glance all desktops fitted onto one screen. ^[7])
5. Upgrades to Spotlight, including advanced search options such as Boolean operators and the ability to search other computers (with permissions).
6. Core Animation: a technology that allows a developer to create complex animations while specifying only a "start" and a "goal" space. The main benefit of Core Animation is to enable developers to create complex animations with small amounts of program code.
7. Universal access: significant improvements to applications including VoiceOver, along with increased support for Braille and closed captioning.
8. Enhancements to Mail including the additions of RSS feeds, Stationery, Notes, and to-dos. To-dos use a system-wide service that is available to all applications.
9. Dashboard enhancements, including Webclip, a feature that allows users to turn a part of any web page into a live Dashboard widget, and Dashcode to help developers code widgets.
10. iChat enhancements, including multiple logins, animated icons, and tabbed chats, similar to features present in Gaim, Adium and the iChat plugin Chax; iChat Theater, allowing users to incorporate images from iPhoto, presentations from Keynote, and videos from QuickTime into chats; and Backdrops, which are similar to chroma keys, but use a real-time difference matte technique which does not require a green or blue screen. iChat will also implement desktop sharing, a feature previously available with Apple Remote Desktop.^[8][9]

Enhancements to Parental Controls include the ability to place restrictions on use of the Internet and to set parental controls from anywhere using remote setup.^[10] Jobs did not provide details on the enhancements to iCal. Time Machine is an automatic backup utility announced on August 7, 2006 at Apple Computers Worldwide Developers Conference, scheduled to be included with the Mac OS X v10. ... Front Row Main menu screenshot Front Row Music menu screenshot Front Row is a software application for Apples Macintosh computers that acts as a front-end for QuickTime, DVD Player and the iTunes and iPhoto libraries and allows for users to browse media on their computers using the Apple... Photo Booth is a small software application for taking photos with an iSight camera by Apple Computer for Mac OS X. It features 17 built-in effects that can be applied to photos. ... Virtual desktop is a term used, usually within the WIMP paradigm, to describe any of several possible ways in which a computers metaphorical desktop environment is modified, through the use of software. ... Spotlight is an as-you-type, system-wide desktop search feature found in Mac OS X v10. ... In mathematics and computer science, Boolean algebras, or Boolean lattices, are algebraic structures which capture the essence of the logical operations AND, OR and NOT as well as the corresponding set theoretic operations intersection, union and complement. ... Most modern file systems have methods of administering permissions or access rights to specific users and groups of users. ... Core Animation is an Apple Computer technology to create animations, to be released as part of Mac OS X v10. ... A voice-over is a narration that is played on top of a video segment, usually with the audio for that segment muted or lowered. ... PREMIER - first The information about the historic site of Safdarjung’s tomb in Delhi, India. ... A commonly-used symbol indicating that a program or movie is closed-captioned. ... Mail (aka Mail. ... Dashboard is an application for Apple Computers Mac OS X operating system, used for hosting mini-applications known as widgets. It is a semi-transparent layer that is invisible to the user unless activated by a hotkey (which can be set to the users preference), and is only... Dashboard is an application for Apple Computers Mac OS X 10. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... Widget is a general-purpose term for any unspecified device, including those that have not yet been invented. ... iChat is an AOL Instant Messenger (AIM), ICQ and Jabber client for Mac OS X. Using a Jabber-like protocol and Bonjour for user discovery, it also allows for LAN communication. ... Buddylist of Gaim 1. ... Adium is an instant messaging client for Mac OS X that supports multiple protocols through the libgaim library. ... Chax may refer to: A Great Marquis of Hell, also spelled Shax A line of Japanese products designed by Mori Chack A Rock-band from Germany, founded in 2000, formerly known as Charing Cross, founded in 1996 named after the London train and tube station. ... iChat is an AOL Instant Messenger (AIM), ICQ and Jabber client for Mac OS X. Using a Jabber-like protocol and Bonjour for user discovery, it also allows for LAN communication. ... iPhoto is a software application made by Apple Computer exclusively for their Mac OS X operating system. ... For the text editor called Keynote, see Keynote (Tranglos). ... QuickTime is a multimedia framework developed by Apple Computer, capable of handling various formats of digital video, media clips, sound, text, animation, music, and several types of interactive panoramic images. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion, because: it is patent nonsense. ... Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Computer, first released on March 14, 2002, that replaced a similar product called Apple Network Assistant. ...

A technology overview posted to Apple's Developer web site^[11] confirms many more improvements that will appear in Mac OS X 10.5, including the following:

• Leopard will offer the Objective-C 2.0 runtime, which includes new features such as garbage collection. Xcode 3.0 will support the updated language and was itself rewritten with it.^[12]
• Apple has integrated DTrace from Sun's OpenSolaris and added a graphical interface called Xray. DTrace provides tools that users, administrators and developers can use to tune the performance of the operating system and the applications that run on it.^[13]
• Leopard will include the Ruby On Rails web application development framework.^[14]
• Leopard supports Resolution independence, the ability to size system graphics in physical units such as centimeters or inches instead of pixels. This feature results in standard size graphics independent of the device on which they are viewed. Preliminary support was added in Mac OS X 10.4 to prepare developers for a "future release of Mac OS X."^[15]
• Leopard's OpenGL stack has been updated to version 2.1, and will use LLVM to increase its vertex processing speed.^[16] Apple has been working to get LLVM integrated into GCC;^[17] Usage of LLVM in other parts of the OS has not been announced.
• Leopard's security frameworks support Mandatory Access Control, sandboxes and code signing.

Objective-C, often referred to as ObjC or more seldomly as Objective C or Obj-C, is an object oriented programming language implemented as an extension to C. It is used primarily on Mac OS X and GNUstep, two environments based on the OpenStep standard, and is the primary language... In computer science, garbage collection (also known as GC) is a form of automatic memory management. ... Xcode is Apple Computers IDE for developing applications and other software for Mac OS X. It is shipped free with Mac OS X. First introduced on October 24, 2003 along with the release of Mac OS X v10. ... DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework released under the Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) in January 2005 and included in Suns Solaris 10 for troubleshooting system problems in real time. ... Sun Microsystems (Sun Microsystems, Inc. ... OpenSolaris is an open source project created by Sun Microsystems to build a developer community around the Solaris Operating System technology. ... Ruby on Rails, often called RoR, or just Rails, is an open source web application framework written in Ruby that closely follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. ... Resolution independence in Mac OS X Tiger in iWeb. ... OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a standard specification defining a cross-language cross-platform API for writing applications that produce 3D computer graphics (and 2D computer graphics as well). ... Low Level Virtual Machine (LLVM) is a compiler infrastructure designed for compile-time, link-time, run-time, and idle-time optimization of programs from arbitrary programming languages. ... The GNU Compiler Collection (usually shortened to GCC) is a set of programming language compilers produced by the GNU Project. ... In computing, a mandatory access control (MAC) technique protects and contains computer processes, data, and system devices from misuse. ... In computer security, a sandbox is a security mechanism for safely running programs. ... Digitally signing executables proves the identity of the software vendor and guarantees that the code has not been altered or corrupted since it was created and signed External Links Code signing systems ...

Compatibility

Like Mac OS X 10.4, Leopard will be available for both PowerPC and Intel Macs.^[18] While it is known that Leopard will support PowerPC G4 and PowerPC G5 processors, it is unknown whether Leopard will support the PowerPC G3 processor. When Apple's Leopard website first appeared online, the 64-bit section stated, "From G3 to Xeon, from MacBook to Xserve, there is just one Leopard." The sentence was removed from the page the following day, leaving open the question of whether Leopard will support Macs with G3 processors.^[19] In the past, each new major release of Mac OS X has dropped support for at least some older Macs; 10.3 dropped support for Macs without built-in USB ports, and 10.4 dropped support for computers without FireWire ports. IBM PowerPC 601 Microprocessor PowerPC is a RISC microprocessor architecture created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–Motorola alliance, known as AIM. Originally intended for personal computers, PowerPC CPUs have since become popular embedded and high-performance processors as well. ... x86 or 80x86 is the generic name of a microprocessor architecture first developed and manufactured by Intel. ... PowerPC G4 is a designation used by Apple Computer to describe a fourth generation of PowerPC microprocessors. ... In computing, the PowerPC 970 and the PowerPC 970FX, also known as PowerPC G5, are 64-bit processors in the PowerPC family from IBM, which was introduced in 2002. ... 300 MHz Motorola PowerPC 750 processor with off-die L2 cache on the CPU module of a PowerMac G3. ... Xeon logo The Xeon is Intels name for its server-class PC microprocessors intended for multiple-processor machines. ... The MacBook is a line of Macintosh notebook computers developed and marketed by Apple Computer. ... A small Xserve cluster with an Xserve RAID. Xserve is the name of Apple Computers Macintosh 1U rackmount line of server computers. ...

Documentation contained with the Developer Preview DVD states that a PowerPC G4, G5, or Intel processor is a minimum requirement. Despite this, some users have managed to install the developer preview version of Leopard on Macs with G3 processors by editing a particular file and then creating a new installation DVD with this edited file. However, even though these installations of Leopard can be installed on G3 Macs, some applications (for example Safari and iChat) will not run.^[20] It is not known whether this will be possible with the final shipping version of Leopard.

Leopard is set to be fully UNIX compliant as Apple intends to submit Leopard and Leopard Server to the Open Group for certification. This means that Leopard will be fully compatible with all UNIX software without the need for any code modification.^[21] The Open Group is an industry consortium sponsored by IBM, Sun, HP, Hitachi, and Fujitsu for forming de facto-standards in the field of software engineering, in particular APIs. ...

Speculation

It is rumored that a future release of the OS will feature a redesigned Finder that would rely heavily on Spotlight search technology. It is speculated that a new Finder might display files and their metadata in much the same way as iTunes displays songs, with the ability to quickly sort on and modify those data. ^{[22] [23]} The Finder shown in the developer's build demonstrated at WWDC 2006 did not appear to be updated. Finder in column view Finder in icon view Finder in list view The Finder is the default application program used on the Mac OS and Mac OS X operating systems that is responsible for the overall user-management of files, disks, network volumes and the launching of other applications. ... Spotlight is an as-you-type, system-wide desktop search feature found in Mac OS X v10. ... Metadata (Greek meta after and Latin data information) are data that describe other data. ... WWDC 2005, at Moscone Center The Apple Worldwide Developers Conference, commonly abbreviated WWDC, is a conference held annually in California by Apple Computer. ...

Related to rumors of an updated Finder based on Spotlight are rumors that Apple plans to gather secondary metadata through a number of analysis techniques; for example, determining the genre of a song by analyzing its tone and pitch, using OCR to index and search images, or analyzing a photograph to determine attributes such as time of day it was taken.^{[24] [25]} Apple has not made any formal announcements as to this rumored technology. Optical character recognition, usually abbreviated to OCR, is computer software designed to translate images of handwritten or typewritten text (usually captured by a scanner) into machine-editable text, or to translate pictures of characters into a standard encoding scheme representing them (e. ...

The release of iTunes 7 and its move away from traditional Aqua interface motifs (e.g., "Brushed Metal" and blue gel highlights) in favor of an updated source list and non-Aqua scrollbars has fueled speculation that the final version of Leopard will see an update or replacement of the Aqua interface first introduced in Mac OS X 10.0.^[26] Mac OS X 10. ...

Version history

• Mac OS X v10.5 Developer Preview (build 9A241), released August 7, 2006.
  • Leopard Preview Update version 1.0 (build 9A241e), released August 31, 2006^[27]
• Mac OS X v10.5 Developer Preview (build 9A283), released October 12, 2006^[28]

See also

• Rosetta – software included in Intel versions of Mac OS X 10.4 that enables Mac OS X software designed for PowerPC Macs to run on Intel Macs.
• Apple Intel transition – more information on Apple's move from PowerPC Macs to Intel Macs.

Rosetta is a lightweight dynamic translation emulator for Mac OS X distributed by Apple. ... In computing, binary translation is the emulation of one instruction set by another through translation of code. ... The Apple Intel transition is an announced change in the architecture of the Macintosh platform. ...

References

2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 28 is the 240th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (241st in leap years), with 125 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 154 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 72 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ...

External links

• Mac OS X 10.5 preview page
• Mac OS X Server 10.5 preview page
• 2006 World Wide Developer's Conference keynote session
• Macworld 2006 session