Operas by Giuseppe Verdi

Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio (1839) Un giorno di regno (1840) Nabucco (1842) I Lombardi alla prima crociata (1843) Ernani (1844) I due Foscari (1844) Giovanna d'Arco (1845) Alzira (1845) Attila (1846) Macbeth (1847) I masnadieri (1847) Jérusalem (1847) Il corsaro (1848) La battaglia di Legnano (1849) Luisa Miller (1849) Stiffelio (1850) Rigoletto (1851) Il trovatore (1853) La traviata (1853) Les vêpres siciliennes (1855) Simon Boccanegra (1857) Aroldo (1857) Un ballo in maschera (1859) La forza del destino (1862) Don Carlos (1867) Aida (1871) Otello (1887) Falstaff (1893) Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (either October 9 or 10, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio is an opera in two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on a libretto by Antonio Piazza. ... Un giorno di regno, ossia il finto Stanislao (A One-Day Reign, or the false Stanislas) is an opera in two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Felice Romani, based on the play Le faux Stanislas by Alexandre Vincent Pineu-Duval. ... Nabucco is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the biblical story and the play by Anicet-Bourgeois and Francis Cornu. ... I Lombardi alla prima crociata (The Lombards on the First Crusade) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based epic poem by Tommaso Grossi. ... Ernani is an operatic dramma lirico in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Hernani by Victor Hugo. ... I due Foscari (The Two Foscaris) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on a historical play The Two Foscari by Lord Byron. ... Giovanna dArco (Joan of Arc) is an opera with a prelude and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the play Die Jungfrau von Orleans by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Alzira is an opera in a prologue and two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play Alzire, ou les Américains by Voltaire. ... Attila is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the play Attila, König der Hunnen by Zacharias Werner. ... I masnadieri (The Bandits) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Andrei Maffei, based on Die Räuber by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Jérusalem is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to a French libretto by Alphonse Royer and Gustave Vaëz. ... Il corsaro (The Corsair) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, from a libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on Lord Byrons poem The Corsair. ... La battaglia di Legnano (The battle of Legnano) is an Opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi from Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on play La Battaille de Toulouse by Joseph Méry. ... Luisa Miller is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play Kabale und Liebe by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Stiffelio is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, from an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Le Pasteur, ou lÉvangile et le Foyer by Émile Souvestre and Eugène Bourgeois. ... Giuseppe Verdi, by Giovanni Boldini, 1886 (National Gallery of Modern Art, Rome) Rigoletto is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi. ... Il trovatore (The Troubadour) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Leone Emanuele Bardare and Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play El Trobador by Antonio García Gutiérrez. ... La traviata, an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, takes as its basis the novel La dame aux Camélias by Alexandre Dumas, fils, published in 1848. ... Les vêpres siciliennes (The Sicilian Vespers) is an opera in five acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to a French libretto by Charles Duveyrier and Eugène Scribe from their work Le duc dAlbe. ... Simon Boccanegra is an opera with a prologue and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Simón Bocanegra by Antonio García Gutiérrez. ... Aroldo is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on their earlier colaboration, Stiffelio. ... Un ballo in maschera, or A Masked Ball, is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi with text by Antonio Somma. ... Cover of first bilingual edition of the libretto of La forza del destino, St. ... This article refers to the opera Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi (and its revised Italian version, known as Don Carlo). ... // Introduction This article is about the marketing term, AIDA. For other uses of the term, see Aida (disambiguation). ... For the Rossini opera, see Otello (Rossini) or for the eurobeat artist see Gianni Coraini. ... For other uses, see Falstaff (disambiguation). ...

Macbeth is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave with additions by Andrea Maffei, based on Shakespeare's play of the same name. Macbeth can refer to:- Macbeth, the play by William Shakespeare, Macbeth of Scotland, the historical monarch, Macbeth (Gargoyles), a fictional character based on the Shakespearean one Macbeth (opera), the opera by Verdi, Macbeth (band), a heavy metal band, Macbeth Footwear, a footwear company, Jesse Macbeth, an American soldier. ... Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (either October 9 or 10, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. ... A libretto is the complete body of words used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, sacred or secular oratorio and cantata, musical, and ballet. ... Francesco Maria Piave Francesco Maria Piave (18 May 1810 – 5 March 1876) was an Italian librettist who was Verdis life-long friend and collaborator. ... Shakespeare redirects here. ... Scene from Macbeth, depicting the witches conjuring of an apparition in Act IV, Scene I. Painting by William Rimmer Macbeth is among the most famous of William Shakespeares plays, as well as his shortest tragedy. ...

Giuseppe Verdi started writing music for Macbeth in 1846-47. Piave's text was based on a prose translation by Carlo Rusconi that had been published in Turin in 1838. Verdi did not encounter Shakespeare's original work until after the first performance at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on March 14, 1847. The Teatro della Pergola in Florence, Italy is located in the centre of the city on the Via della Pergola. ... For the Lebanese political coalition, see March 14 Alliance. ... 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

Nearly 20 years later, Verdi was asked to provide additional music for a production at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris, and this gave him an opportunity to revise the whole opera. This new version was first performed on April 21, 1865 and remains the preferred one for modern performances. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ...

His version follows the Shakespeare play quite closely, but he makes some interesting changes. Instead of using three witches as in the play, he creates a large female chorus of witches, singing in three part harmony. The last act begins with an assembly of refugees on the English border, and ends with a chorus of bards celebrating victory over the tyrant, no doubt as a compliment to Shakespeare himself.

There are several recordings of Macbeth, although the opera is not considered as important as Verdi's two other works based on Shakespeare - Otello and Falstaff. For the Rossini opera, see Otello (Rossini) or for the eurobeat artist see Gianni Coraini. ... For other uses, see Falstaff (disambiguation). ...

Synopsis

A summary of the plot of Macbeth is detailed below. ^[1]

Act 1

Scotland in the 11th century. Groups of witches gather in a wood beside a battlefield. The victorious generals Macbeth and Banquo enter. The witches hail Macbeth as Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor, and king "hereafter." Banquo is greeted as the founder of a great line of future kings. The witches vanish, and messengers from the king appear naming Macbeth Thane of Cawdor.

At their castle, Lady Macbeth reads a letter from her husband telling of the encounter with the witches. She is determined to propel Macbeth to the throne ('Vieni! t'affretta!'). It is announced that King Duncan will stay in the castle that night and when Macbeth enters she urges him to take the opportunity to kill him. The King and the nobles arrive. Macbeth is emboldened to carry out the murder ('Mi si affaccia un pugnal?'), but afterwards is filled with horror. Lady Macbeth, disgusted at his cowardice, completes the crime, incriminating the sleeping guards by smearing them with Duncan's blood and planting on them Macbeth's dagger. The murder is discovered by Macduff. A chorus calls on God to avenge the killing ('Schiudi, inferno, . .').

Act 2

Macbeth is now king, but disturbed by the prophecy that Banquo, not him, will found a great royal line. To prevent this he tells his wife that he will have both Banquo and his son murdered as they come to a banquet. Lady Macbeth exults in the powers of darkness ('La luce langue'). Outside the castle a gang of murderers lie in wait. Banquo is apprehensive ('Come dal ciel precipita'). He is caught but enables his son Fleanzio to escape. In a hall in the castle, Macbeth receives the guests and Lady Macbeth sings a brindisi ('Si colmi il calice'). The assassination is reported to Macbeth, but when he returns to the table the ghost of Banco is sitting in his place. Macbeth raves at the ghost and the horrified guests believe he has gone mad. The banquet ends abruptly with their hurried, frightened departure.

Act 3

The witches gather around a cauldron in a dark cave. Macbeth enters and they conjure up three apparitions for him. The first advises him to beware of Macduff. The second tells him that he cannot be harmed by a man 'born of woman'. The third that he cannot be conquered till Birnam Wood marches against him. Macbeth is then shown the ghost of Banquo and his descendants, eight future Kings of Scotland, verifying the original prophecy. He collapses and regains consciousness in the castle. Macbeth and his wife resolve to extirpate the families of Macduff and Banquo ('Ora di morte e di vendetta').

Act 4

A chorus of Scottish refugees ('Patria oppressa') stand near the English border. In the distance lies Birnam Wood. Macduff is determined to avenge the deaths of his wife and children at the hands of the tyrant ('Ah la paterna mano'). He is joined by Malcolm, the son of King Duncan, and the English army. Malcolm orders each soldier to cut a branch from a tree in Birnam Wood and carry it as they attack Macbeth's army. They are determined to liberate Scotland from tyranny ('La patria tradita').

In Macbeth's castle a doctor and a servant observe the Queen as she walks in her sleep, wringing her hands and attempting to clean them of blood ('Una macchia'). Macbeth has learned that an army is advancing against him but is reassured by remembering the words of the apparitions. ('Pietà, rispetto amore') He receives the news of the Queen's death with indifference. Rallying his troops he learns that Birnam Wood has indeed come to his castle. Battle is joined. Macduff pursues and kills Macbeth, telling him that he was not 'born' of woman but 'cut' from his mother's womb. The opera ends with a hymn to victory sung by bards, soldiers, and Scottish women.

[This synopsis by Simon Holledge was first published on Opera japonica http://www.operajaponica.org and appears here by permission.]

Characters

• Principal roles
  • Macbeth - baritone
  • Lady Macbeth - soprano
  • Banquo - bass
• Minor roles
  • Macduff - tenor
  • Lady-in-waiting - mezzo-soprano
  • Malcolm - tenor
  • Doctor - bass
• Other
  • Servant to Macbeth - bass
  • Herald - bass
  • Assassin - bass
  • Three apparitions - 2 sopranos and 1 bass
  • Duncano (Duncan), King of Scotland - silent
  • Fleanzio (Fleance) - silent
  • Witches, messengers, nobles, attendants, refugees - chorus

Baritone (French: baryton; Deutsch: Bariton; Italian: baritono) is most commonly the type of male voice that lies between bass and tenor. ... Look up soprano in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A bass (or basso in Italian) is a male singer who sings in the deepest vocal range of the human voice. ... In music, a tenor is a male singer with a high voice. ... A mezzo-soprano (meaning medium soprano in Italian) is a female singer with a range usually extending from the A below middle C to the F an eleventh above middle C. Mezzo-sopranos generally have a darker (or lower) vocal tone than sopranos, and their vocal range is between that...

Principal arias

• 'Vieni! t'affretta!' = 'Come! Hurry!'
• 'Mi si affaccia un pugnal?' = 'Is this a dagger I see before me?'
• 'Schiudi, inferno...' = 'Open, hell...'
• 'La luce langue' = 'The light fades away'
• 'Tre volte miagola la gatta...' = 'Three times meows the cat...'
• 'Ora di morte e di vendetta' = 'Hour of death and revenge'
• 'Patria oppressa' = 'Oppressed fatherland'
• 'Ah la paterna mano' = 'Ah, the paternal hand'
• 'La patria tradita' = 'Betrayed fatherland'
• 'Una macchia' = 'A stain'

Notes

1. ^ The plot description is taken from The Opera Goer's Complete Guide by Leo Melitz, 1921 version.

References

• The Opera Goer's Complete Guide by Leo Melitz, 1921 version.

External links

• Recordings of Macbeth
• Libretto