Magadan (English) Магада́н (Russian)
Magadan vicinity from the US Defense Mapping Agency (1978)
Coordinates UNIQ3ea91f3e6eb645-ref-00,000,008-QINU) 59°33′N 150°48′E / 59.55, 150.8Coordinates: UNIQ3ea91f3e6eb645-ref-00,000,008-QINU) 59°33′N 150°48′E / 59.55, 150.8
Coat of Arms	Flag
City Day: Second Sunday of September
Administrative status
Federal subject In jurisdiction of Capital of	Magadan Oblast Magadan Oblast Magadan Oblast
Local self-government
Charter	Charter of Magadan
Municipal status	n/a
Mayor	Vladimir Pečënyj
Legislative body	City Duma
Area
Area	n/a
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population - Rank - Density	107.500 UNIQ3ea91f3e6eb645-ref-00,000,008-QINU inhabitants 148th [2] n/a
Events
Founded	1933
Other information
Postal code	n/a
Dialing code	+7 4132
Official website
http://www.magadangorod.ru/

Magadan (Russian: Магада́н), a port city on the Sea of Okhotsk and gateway to the Kolyma region, is the administrative center of Magadan Oblast (since 1953), in the Russian Far East. Founded in 1933 on the site of an earlier settlement from the 1920s, it was granted the status of a city in 1939. It lies in Nagaevo Bay in the Gulf of Tauisk. Geographical location: 59°33′N, 150°48′E. Population: 107.500 at 2006 Census; 99,3999 (2002 Census); 152,000 (1989 Census). Ship building and fishing are the major industries. The city has a seaport (fully navigable from May to December) and a small international airport, Sokol Airport. There is also a small airport close to town, Magadan 13. The unpaved Kolyma Highway leads from Magadan to the rich gold-mining region of the upper Kolyma River and then on to Yakutsk. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (746x871, 184 KB)Subject: Magadan area of far east Russia Source: Portion of Magadan sheet. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ... For other uses, see Flag (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Magadan-Russia-flag. ... Russia is a federation which consists of 86 subjects[1]. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Russian parliament). ... Magadan Oblast (Russian: , Magadanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), in the Far Eastern Federal District. ... Magadan Oblast (Russian: , Magadanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), in the Far Eastern Federal District. ... Magadan Oblast (Russian: , Magadanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), in the Far Eastern Federal District. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Federal subjects of the Russian Federation Being the largest country in the world, and one of the most populated, Russia incorporates several types and levels of subdivisions. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... A legislatureis a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to ratify laws. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: ) was the first census of Russian Federation carried out on October 9, 2002. ... This is a list of cities and towns in Russia with population over 50,000, grouped by federal subject and sorted by population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Postcodes are generally clearly visible outside Australia Post offices. ... // Proposed Country Code: 3 In 1996, the European Commission proposed the introduction of a single telephone numbering plan, in which all European Union member states would use the code 3. Calls between member states would no longer require the use of the international access code 00. This proposal would have... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Map of the Sea of Okhotsk. ... The Kolyma (pronounced kah-lee-MAH) region is located in the far northeastern area of the Russian Federation. ... Magadan Oblast (Russian: , Magadanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), in the Far Eastern Federal District. ... Far Eastern Federal District (highlighted in red) Russian Far East (Russian: ; IPA: ) is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i. ... Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: ) was the first census of Russian Federation carried out on October 9, 2002. ... Sokol Airport or Magadan Sokol Airport (IATA: GDX, ICAO: UHMM) is an airport at Sokol in the Magadan Oblast, Russia, The airport is located 70 km (43 mi) north of the Magadan city center. ... Magadan 13 (also Magadan East) (ICAO: UHMT) is a small airport in Russia located 10 km northeast of Magadan. ... The Highway Kolyma and other trunk roads of Russia. ... The Kolyma River (Колыма́) is a river in northeastern Siberia, whose basin covers parts of the Republic of Sakha, Chukotka, and Magadan oblast. ... Yakutsk (Russian: ; Yakut: ) is a city in the Russian Far East, located about 4° (450 kilometres) below the Arctic Circle. ...

History

Magadan was created in 1933 by Eduard Berzin, the first head of Dalstroy, to serve as a port for exporting gold and other metals mined in the Kolyma region. Its size and population grew quickly as facilities were rapidly developed for the expanding mining activities in the area. Eduard Berzin Eduard Petrovich Berzin (1894-1938), born in Latvia, was first a soldier, then a Chekist, but is remembered primarily for setting up Dalstroy, which incuded a system of Kolyma forced-labour camps in North-Eastern Siberia where hundreds of thousands prisoners died. ... Dalstroy (or Dalstroi) was an organisation set up in 1931 by the Soviet NKVD (the predecessor of the KGB) in order to manage road construction and the mining of gold in the Chukotka region of Siberia, now known as Kolyma. ...

During the Stalin era, Magadan was a major transit center for prisoners sent to labor camps. The operations of Dalstroy, a vast and brutal forced-labor gold-mining concern, were the main economic driver of the city for many decades during Soviet times. Josef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Georgian: , Ioseb Besarionis Dze Jughashvili; Russian: , Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili) (December 18 [O.S. December 6] 1878[1] – March 5, 1953), better known by his adopted name, Joseph Stalin (alternatively transliterated Josef Stalin), was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unions Central Committee from... Dalstroy (or Dalstroi) was an organisation set up in 1931 by the Soviet NKVD (the predecessor of the KGB) in order to manage road construction and the mining of gold in the Chukotka region of Siberia, now known as Kolyma. ... Unfree labour is a generic or collective term for forms of work, especially in modern or early modern history, in which adults and/or children are employed without wages, or for a minimal wage. ... CCCP redirects here. ...

Of the 12,000 Poles sent to Magadan and environs between 1940 and 1941, most POWs, only 583 men returned [1], released in 1942 to join the Polish free force of Polish II Corps under General Wladyslaw Anders. WWII survivors became residents of U.S., Britain, and other countries. The Insignia of the Polish II Corps. ... Władysław Anders Lt. ...

In May, 1944, U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace's official visit [2] failed to understand the true nature of Magadan. He took an instant liking to his secret policeman host, admired handiwork done by prisoners, and later glowingly pronounced the city "a combination TVA and Hudson's Bay Company". [3] Henry Agard Wallace (October 7, 1888 – November 18, 1965) was the 33rd Vice President of the United States (1941–45), the 11th Secretary of Agriculture (1933–40), and the 10th Secretary of Commerce (1945–46). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Hudsons Bay Company (HBC; Compagnie de la Baie dHudson in French) is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and is one of the oldest in the world. ...

Further details of this period are given in the article on Kolyma. The Kolyma (pronounced kah-lee-MAH) region is located in the far northeastern area of the Russian Federation. ...

Economy

Magadan is very isolated. The nearest major city is Yakutsk, 2000 km away via an unpaved road which is best used in the winter, especially since there is no bridge over the Lena River at Yakutsk (the choices are: ferry from Nizhny Bestyakh in the summer, when rest of the road may not be passable due to standing water, or over the ice in the dead of winter). The principal sources of income for the local economy are gold mining and fisheries. Recently, gold production has declined^[3] although future prospects look good. Fishing production, although improving from year to year, is still well below the allocated quotas, apparently as a result of an ageing fleet.^[4] Other local industries include pasta and sausage plants and a distillery.^[5] Although farming is difficult owing to the harsh climate, there are many public and private farming enterprises. Yakutsk (Russian: ; Yakut: ) is a city in the Russian Far East, located about 4° (450 kilometres) below the Arctic Circle. ... The Lena (Russian: Ле́на) in Siberia is the 10th longest river in the world and has the 9th largest watershed. ...

Conditions in Magadan have deteriorated since the 1970s when gold mining provided high levels of investment and employment. In recent years, many factories and mining interests have closed resulting in high levels of unemployment and alcoholism and huge declines in the local population. Furthermore, foreign investment has suffered from disputes of ownership despite very attractive prospects for mining gold, tin, silver and coal, not to mention petroleum and natural gas resources in the region.

The severe climate and poorly developed infrastructure are partly to blame but the difficult transition from Soviet times has led to the collapse of a number of companies with the result that many inhabitants have left the region. Recently, there do seem to have been renewed efforts to encourage foreign investment which could lead to improvements in the economy. Indeed, on a visit to Magadan in November 2005, President Putin supported the extension of special tax advantages for the region in order to encourage gold exploitation. The President of Russia (Russian: ) is the Head of State and highest office within the Government of Russia. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the current President of the Russian Federation. ...

Culture

Church of the Nativity

The city has a number of cultural institutions including the Regional Museum of Anthropology, a geological museum a regional library, and a university. The city has the enormous new Orthodox Cathedral Church of the Trinity, a recently completed Roman Catholic Church of the Nativity and the Mask of Sorrow memorial, a huge sculpture in memory of Stalin's victims, designed by Ernst Neizvestny. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,000 × 750 pixels, file size: 715 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,000 × 750 pixels, file size: 715 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... The Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (Russian: ), also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... Church of the Nativity, Magadan The Church of the Nativity at Magadan in the Russian Far East serves local Roman Catholics, many of whom survived Stalins forced labor camps set up in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s to exploit gold in Kolymas harsh subarctic climate. ... The Mask of Sorrow monument is perched on a hill above Magadan, Russia. ... Khrushchevs tomb at the Novodevichy Cemetery was sculpted by Neizvestny. ...

Climate

The climate of Magadan is subarctic. Winters are prolonged and very cold, with up to six months of sub-zero temperatures, so that the soil remains permanently frozen. Permafrost and tundra cover most of the region. The growing season is only one-hundred days long. Average temperatures on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk range from -8 °F (-22 °C) in January to 54 °F (12 °C) in July. Average temperatures in the interior range from -36 °F (-38 °C) in January to 60 °F (16 °C) in July. Regions having a subarctic climate (also called boreal climate) are characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and brief, warm summers. ... Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of hot and cold; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter. ... Loess field in Germany Surface-water-gley developed in glacial till, Northern Ireland For the American hard rock band, see SOiL. For the System of a Down song, see Soil (song). ... While these two men dig in Alaska to study soil, the hard permafrost requires the use of a jackhammer In geology, permafrost or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0 °C or 32 °F) for two or more years. ... For other uses, see Tundra (disambiguation). ... Map of the Sea of Okhotsk. ...

Long Way Round

Magadan was the focal point of the Long Way Round motorcycle journey made by Ewan McGregor, Charley Boorman and their team. Although their ultimate destination was New York, they frequently noted how reaching the Russian city was the ultimate measure of success or failure for their adventure. Despite encountering swollen rivers, broken bridges and virtually impassable roads as they travelled through Siberia, they were ultimately able to ride the Kolyma Highway into Magadan, and flew from there to Anchorage, Alaska from where they continued to New York. Recalling his final day in Magadan before leaving for America, McGregor wrote: Long Way Round (LWR) is a documentary television series, DVD set and book documenting the 19,000 mile (31,000 km) journey of Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman from London to New York on motorcycles. ... Ewan Gordon McGregor (born March 31, 1971; pronounced [1]) is a Scottish actor who has had significant success in mainstream, indie and art house films. ... Charley Boorman (born on August 23, 1966 in Wimbledon, London, UK), is an English actor and the son of movie director John Boorman and his wife, the former Christel Kruse. ... This article is about the state. ... The Highway Kolyma and other trunk roads of Russia. ... This article is about the city in the U.S. state of Alaska. ...

"Magadan, Siberia. The place that had been in my thoughts and dreams for two years, like a mythical city forever beyond my reach. I wanted to capture it, somehow hold on to it and take a part of it with me when we began the long journey home."

Famous people

• Natalia Dolgova, born 1968 in Ust-Omchug, Magadan Region, artist whose work is based on the ancient art of the peoples of Northeast Asia, in particular the Chukchee and Eskimos
• Vadim Kozin, 1903–1994, a popular Russian tenor in the 1930s. Sentenced to the Kolyma camps in 1944, he became a resident of Magadan where he died.
• Nikolai Getman, 1917-2004, Ukrainian artist, remembered for his paintings depicting the horrors of the Kolyma gulag. He organised the Magadan Artists' Union and was director of the Magadan section of the Arts Foundation of the RSFSR from 1963 to 1966.
• Valentin Tsvetkov, 1948-2002, former governor (from 1996) of Magadan Oblast, gunned down in Moscow in October 2002, apparently for issues involving fish quotas^[6].

Ust-Omchug (Russian: ) is an urban-type settlement in Magadan Oblast, Russia, located in Magadan Oblast at the 271 km mark of the motorway to the northwest of Magadan. ... Chukchi, or Chukchee (Russian: чукчи (plural), chukcha, чукча (singular)) are an indigenous people inhabiting the Russian Far East on the shores of the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea. ... Inuit (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ, singular Inuk or Inuq / ᐃᓄᒃ) is a general term for a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples of the Arctic who descended from the Thule. ... Vadim Kozin (Вадим Козин) (March 21, 1903 – December 19, 1994) was a Russian tenor singer. ... Getmans painting of Nagaevo, Magadans port Nikolai Getman (Russian: , Ukrainian: ), an artist, was born in 1917 in Kharkiv, Ukraine, and died in Orel, Russia, in 2004. ...

Twinning

• Anchorage - Alaska, United States

Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This article is about the city in the U.S. state of Alaska. ... For other uses, see Alaska (disambiguation). ...

Bibliography

• McGregor, E & Boorman, C: Long Way Round. Time Warner Books, 2004. ISBN 0-7515-3680-6
• David J. Nordlander: Origins of a Gulag Capital: Magadan and Stalinist Control in the Early 1930s, Slavic Review, Vol. 57, No. 4 (Winter, 1998), pp. 791-812

Footnotes

External links

• Media related to Category:Magadan from the Wikimedia Commons.
• Magadan (official site)
• Map of Magadan in Russian

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

	Cities and towns in Magadan Oblast
	Administrative center: Magadan Susuman Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Magadan Oblast (Russian: , Magadanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), in the Far Eastern Federal District. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Magadan_Oblast. ... Coat of arms of Susuman Susuman (Russian: ) is a town in Magadan Oblast, Russia, located on the Berelyokh River some 650 km northwest of Magadan. ...