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Magisterium (from the Latin magister, "teacher") is a technical ecclesiastical term in Catholicism referring to the teaching ability and authority of the Pope and those Bishops who are in union with him. According to Catholic doctrine, the Magisterium is able to teach or interpret the truths of the Faith, and it does so infallibly within the Sacred Magisterium. Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...
The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see Terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins and sees itself as the same Church founded by Jesus of Nazareth and maintained through Apostolic Succession from the Twelve...
The current Pope is Benedict XVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger), who was elected at the age of 78 on 19 April 2005. ...
A mitre is used as a symbol of the bishops ministry. ...
Doctrine, from Latin doctrina, (compare doctor), means a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the body of teachings in a branch of knowledge or belief system. ...
Infallibility of the Church is the belief that the Holy Spirit will not allow the Church to err in its belief or teaching under certain circumstances. ...
"The task of interpreting the Word of God authentically has been entrusted solely to the Magisterium of the Church, that is, to the Pope and to the bishops in communion with him." (Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2nd ed. [1997], pt. 1, sect. 1, ch. 2, art. 2, III [#100]). This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ...
The term Communion is derived from Latin communio (sharing in common). ...
Roman Catholic theologians divide the functions of the magisterium into the sacred magisterium and the ordinary magisterium. The sacred magisterium includes the teachings of a pope when he is speaking ex cathedra, and the solemn dogmatic or moral definitions and doctrinal condemnations of an ecumenical council (traditionally expressed in conciliar canons and decrees), and the teachings of the ordinary and universal magisterium. The ordinary magisterium includes non-infallible papal teachings, the teachings of individual bishops and groups of local bishops, and even concilar teachings which are not ratified by a solemn definition, even if these teachings take place within the context of an ecumenical council. (Catholic theologians and ecclesiastics generally agree that some councils made no such solemn judgments.) It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Papal infallibility. ...
In Christianity, an Ecumenical Council or general council is a meeting of the bishops of the whole church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice. ...
Sacred Magisterium
The teachings of the sacred magisterium are always infallible: "Wherefore, by divine and Catholic faith all those things are to be believed which are contained in the word of God as found in Scripture and tradition, and which are proposed by the Church as matters to be believed as divinely revealed, whether by her solemn judgment or in her ordinary and universal Magisterium." (First Vatican Council, Dei Filius 8.) However, the criteria for the infallibility of these two functions of the sacred magisterium are different. See Infallibility of the Church and papal infallibility for more details. Infallibility of the Church is the belief that the Holy Spirit will not allow the Church to err in its belief or teaching under certain circumstances. ...
It has been suggested that Ex cathedra be merged into this article or section. ...
A teaching of ordinary and universal magisterium is a teaching of which all Bishops of the Church (including the Pope) universally agree on, and is also considered infallible.
Ordinary Magisterium The teachings of the ordinary magisterium are non-infallible. Such teachings are generally correct, as they are based on infallible Sacred Tradition, infallible Sacred Scripture, and the infallible teachings of the Sacred Magisterium. But some errors can be found within the ordinary teachings of the magisterium, and therefore, such teachings are reformable and revocable.
All magisterial teaching is derived from Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture (i.e., the Bible). The belief that God reveals his teachings to humanity via infallible Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture is one basis for infallibility; another basis is that the Holy Spirit guides the Magisterium. Catholics are obliged to believe all that is taught infallibly by the Magisterium with the assent of faith (fides divina), i.e. with the fullness of their faith. Catholics are, in general, also obliged to believe the non-infallible teachings of the Magisterium, but with a different type or degree of assent, called religious assent (obsequium religiosum). The Catholic Church bases all of its teachings on Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture (The Bible). ...
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The word Bible refers to the canonical collections of sacred writings of Judaism and Christianity. ...
This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ...
The Catholic Church bases all of its teachings on Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture (The Bible). ...
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Obsequium religiosum is a Latin phrase meaning religious submission or religious assent, particularly in the theology of the Catholic Church. ...
When the bishops teach on matters of faith and morals in their capacity as bishops, they
“speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent (obsequium religiosum) of soul. This religious submission of will and mind must be shown in a special way to the authentic teaching authority of the Roman Pontiff, even when he is not speaking ex cathedra. That is, it must be shown in such a way that his supreme teaching authority is acknowledged with reverence, the judgments made by him are sincerely adhered to, according to his manifest mind and will.” (from Lumen Gentium, paragrph 25) Obsequium religiosum is a Latin phrase meaning religious submission or religious assent, particularly in the theology of the Catholic Church. ...
Lumen Gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council. ...
See also The Catholic Church bases all of its teachings on Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture (The Bible). ...
The Catechism of the Catholic Church, or CCC, is an official exposition of the teachings of the Catholic Church, first published in French in 1992 by the authority of Pope John Paul II.[1] Subsequently, in 1997, a Latin text was issued which is now the official text of reference...
The Roman Curia - usually (but simplistically) called the Vatican - is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See, coordinating and providing the necessary organisation for the correct functioning of the Catholic Church and the achievement of its goals. ...
Further reading - Boyle, John P. Church Teaching Authority: Historical and Theological Studies, University of Notre Dame Press, 1995, ISBN 0-268-00805-1.
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