The name magnoliids (plural, not capitalized) or magnoliid complex is used by the APG II system for a clade within the angiosperms. This clade is the most important of the basal groups and informally it can be said to belong to the paraphyletic group of the palaeodicots. The clade belongs to neither of the advanced clades, the monocots nor the eudicots, but rather is a third big clade. A modern system of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). ... A clade is group of organisms which share a common ancestor and which includes all decendents of that ancestor. ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Paraphyletic - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In the APG system of flowering plant classification, Palaeodicots is a name of convenience. ... Orders Base Monocots: Acorus Alismatales Asparagales Dioscoreales Liliales Pandanales Family Petrosaviaceae Commelinids: Arecales Commelinales Poales Zingiberales Family Dasypogonaceae Monocotyledons or monocots are a group of flowering plants usually ranked as a class and once called the Monocotyledoneae. ... In the APG-system, the names eudicots or tricolpates are applied to a monophyletic group that includes most of the (former) dicotyledons. ...
The plants belonging to this clade of magnoliids are roughly those which in the Cronquist system were assigned to the Magnoliidae, which is the basal group of the Magnoliopsida (the Cronquist name for the dicotyledons). The Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants (or angiosperms). ... Orders Magnoliales Laurales Piperales Aristolochiales Illiciales Nymphaeales Ranunculales Papaverales Magnoliidae is a sub-class of the Dicotyledon flowering plants in the Cronquist system. ...
Finally, a third possible resolution of relationships among magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots was recovered in two other studies based on phytochrome genes [3] and 17 plastid genes [6].
These studies suggested that magnoliids were sister to a clade that included monocots and eudicots, however, support for this relationship had only weak or moderate bootstrap support (< 50% in Mathews and Donoghue [3] and 76 or 83% in Graham and Olmstead [6]).
Expansion and contraction of the IR is a common phenomenon in land plant plastid genomes [34] with the IR ranging in size from 9,589 bp in the moss Physcomitrella [35] to 75,741 bp in the highly rearranged angiosperm genome of Pelargonium [36,37].
The Paleoherb Hypothesis suggests that the basal lineages were herbs with rapid lifecycles, while the Magnoliid Hypothesis suggests that the basal lineages were small trees with slower lifecycles.
The Woody Magnoliid Hypothesis -- Cladistic analyses by Doyle and Donoghue favor an early angiosperm with morphology similar to living members of the Magnoliales and Laurales.
While the phylogeny for angiosperms presented on our server follows that favored by the Woody Magnoliid Hypothesis, it should be noted that this issue is far from settled.
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