Mainz Cathedral sits to the right in this sketch (c.1890)

Mainz Cathedral, also formally known in English as St. Martin Cathedral or Mainzer Dom as it is called in German, is located near the historical center of Mainz, Germany. Mainz, towards the Rhine in Germany. ... Mainz, towards the Rhine in Germany. ... Mainz (French: Mayence) is a city in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. ...

Mainz Cathedral is the site of the episcopal see of the Bishop of Mainz. A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... Between 780/82 AD and 1802 AD the Archbishop of Mainz, was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince of the middle ages. ...

The cathedral looms over the largely pedestrianized center market square. It's red-sandstone, six-towered body shelters the half-timbered houses of the old city and commands a prominent place in the skyline of Mainz.

The cathedral's spacious interior houses the tombs and funerary monuments of former powerful prince-archbishops of the diocese. There are many statues on the cathedral grounds, like those of St. Boniface and the Madonna. For the Roman general of this name, see Bonifacius. ... Virgin and Child Surrounded by Angels (c. ...

Mainz Cathedral, along with the cathedrals of Worms and Speyer, represents the highpoint of Romanesque cathedral architecture in the Rhine Region of Germany. These particular cathedrals are often called Kaiser-Domes, a reference to their consecration during the height of the Holy Roman Empire (the German word Kaiser, a variant of Caesar, means emperor, the word Dome in this instance, is a derivative for the german word Dom, meaning a cathedral or very large church). Romanesque St. ... Montreal (Canada) cathedral Cathedrals are among the most ambitious buildings ever conceived, far exceeding the size and complexity of most other constructions and often requiring many years to complete. ... At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (German Rhein, French Rhin, Dutch Rijn, Romansch: Rein, Italian: Reno) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (German: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation ▶ (help· info), Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium Nationis Germanicae, see names and designations of the empire) was a political conglomeration of lands in Central Europe in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. ...

Though predominantly Romanesque, later exterior additions to the cathedral, coupled with the influence of different artisans over the centuries on the cathedral's interior, have resulted in the appearance of various styles seen today.

History

Mainz had its first christian community as early as 200 and is one of the oldest episcopal sees in Germany. The first cathedral of the time of the emperor Constantine was under the walls of St. John, a present-day protestant church. The construction of the medieval cathedral dates back to Archbishop Willigis (975-1010), who fostered the commerce of Mainz, an important medieval trade center. Building commenced in 975. Tragically, the cathedral burned down on the day of its inauguration in 1009. Archbishop Bardo von Oppertshafen (1031-1051) presided over the completion of the cathedral begun under Willigis. By 1037 the main portions of the body of Mainz Cathedral were complete. Most of the present day cathedral was built before the 14th century. In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... Saint Willigis (died February 23, 1011), Archbishop of Mainz, was a model bishop of the 10th century, a statesman as well as a churchman. ...

It was at Mainz Cathedral on March 27, 1188, that Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, known as Frederick Barbarossa, symbolically took up the Cross and enlisted the military of the Holy Roman Empire in the Third Crusade called by Pope Gregory VIII. Frederick in a 13th century Chronicle Friedrich I. von Hohenstaufen (1122 – June 10, 1190), also known as Friedrich Barbarossa (Frederick Redbeard) was elected king of Germany on March 4, 1152 and crowned Holy Roman Emperor on June 18, 1155. ... Frederick in a 13th century Chronicle Frederick I (German: Friedrich I. von Hohenstaufen)(1122 – June 10, 1190), also known as Friedrich Barbarossa (Frederick Redbeard) was elected king of Germany on March 4, 1152 and crowned Holy Roman Emperor on June 18, 1155. ... The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin. ... Gregory VIII, né Albert de Mora (Benevento, ca. ...

In its prime the cathedral saw the coronation of German kings, who were subsequently crowned emperors by the Pope through the traditional political process of the Holy Roman Empire. The coronation of German kings was a rite afforded to the Archbishop of Mainz during Mainz's status as an archdiocese from 747 until 1802 when the principality was incorporated into the First French Republic and later reorganized politically under Napoleon's Confederation of the Rhine, though most kings had been crowned in Aachen. The Bishop of Mainz held considerable secular power as a Prince-Elector within the Holy Roman Empire. The Pope (from Greek: pappas, father; from Latin: papa, Papa, father) is the successor of St. ... The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (German: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation â–¶ (help· info), Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium Nationis Germanicae, see names and designations of the empire) was a political conglomeration of lands in Central Europe in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. ... Between 780/82 AD and 1802 AD the Archbishop of Mainz, was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince of the middle ages. ... In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... The French people proclaimed Frances First Republic on 21 September 1792 as a result of the French Revolution and of the abolition of the French monarchy. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... The Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation (Rheinbund in German; in French officially États confédérés du Rhin but in practice Confédération du Rhin) lasted from 1806 to 1813 and was formed from sixeteen German states by Napoleon after he defeated Habsburgs Francis II... The prince-electors or electoral princes of the Holy Roman Empire — German: Kurfürst (singular) Kurfürsten (plural) — were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Emperors of Germany. ...

Mainz Cathedral has fallen victim to war damage over its long history. Prussian troops attempting to dislodge French Revolutionary forces from Mainz destroyed the east portion of the cathedral as they besieged the city in 1793. The Allies bombing of Mainz during World War II destroyed 80% of the inner city; fortunately the cathedral emerged with relatively little damage. The reconstruction of the cloister and the Chapel of St. Godhard, that had been damaged was completed in 1960. The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia (German: Preußen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: Prūsai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of Russia and... The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a period in the history of France. ... In general, allies are people or groups that have joined an alliance and are working together to achieve some common purpose. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the...

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Mainz

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...