Makassar, (Macassar, Mangkasar) is the provincial capital of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. From 1971 to 1999, the city was formally named Ujung Pandang, after a precolonial fort in the city, and the two names are often used interchangeably. The port city is located at 5°8′ S 119°25′ E (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=5_8_S_119_25_E_), on the southwest coast of the island of Sulawesi, facing the Makassar Strait. The number of provinces of Indonesia has tended to increase as new provinces have been split from existing territories. ... Categories: Indonesia geography stubs | Provinces of Indonesia ... 1971 is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). ... 1999 is a common year starting on Friday of the Common Era, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Flag of same Map of Sulawesi pictures by Julianto Halim Sulawesi (or Celebes) is a large Indonesian island. ... Makassar Strait is a strait between the islands of Borneo and Sulawesi in Indonesia. ...

History

Beginning in the sixteenth century, Makassar was the dominant trading center of eastern Indonesia, and soon became one of the largest cities in island Southeast Asia. The Makassarese kings maintained a strict policy of free trade, insisting on the right of any visitor to do business in the city, and rejecting the attempts of the Dutch to establish a monopoly over the city. Further, tolerant religious attitudes meant that even as Islam became the dominant faith in the region, Christians and others were still able to trade in the city. With these attractions, Makassar was a key center for Malays working in the Spice Islands trade, as well as a valuable base for European and Arab traders from much further afield. (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Islam (Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... The term Christian means belonging to Christ and is derived from the Greek noun Χριστός Khristós which means anointed one, which is itself a translation of the Hebrew word Moshiach (Hebrew: משיח, also written Messiah), (and in Arabic it is pronounced Maseeh مسيح). ... Malay can mean: The Malay language The Malay people From or related to Malaysia See also Cape Malays Malay nationalism Communes that begin with Malay in Yonne, France: Malay-le-Grand Malay-le-Petit This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share... This article covers the history of the idea of the Maluku Islands in other cultures, that is, as The Spice Islands. ... World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... The definition of who an Arab is has three main aspects: Political: whether they live in a country which is a member of the Arab League (or, more vaguely, the Arab world); this definition covers more than 300 million people. ...

The importance of Makassar declined as the Dutch became more powerful in the region, and were better able to enforce the monopoly over the spice trade that they desired. In 1667 the Dutch, allied with the Bugis prince Arung Palakka, invaded and captured Makassar, eliminating its role as an independent trading center. Events January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power. ... The Bugis are a people from the island of Sulawesi or Celebes in Indonesia. ...

Trade products

Makassar oil was used by some men in the 19th century for a glossy hairdressing. It was so called because it was said to be obtained from the Makassar district. Cheaper imitations were made with perfumed castor oil mixed with olive oil and the like. At the same time, decorum had relaxed so much that men now lounged in the deeply upholstered furniture, lolling their heads back. Thus the washable antimacassar was invented. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... An antimacassar is a small cloth placed over the backs or arms of chairs to protect them from macassar oil worn in Edwardian and Victorian gentlemans hair. ...

Makassar ebony is a warm black, streaked with deep red, and highly prized for fine cabinetry and veneers. Species Indian and Ceylon Ebony Coromandel Ebony Black Ebony Ebony is a fine grained timber of several species of the persimmon genus Diospyros. ... A veneer is a thin covering over something. ...

See also

• Makassar language

References

• Reid, Anthony. 1999. Charting the shape of early modern Southeast Asia. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. ISBN 974-7551-06-3. pp. 100-154. (early history of Makassar)