'Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. It is one of the 22 official languages of India, spoken by around 36 million people. A native speaker of Malayalam is called a "Malayalee" (or sometimes a "Keraleeyan" or "Keralite"). Malayalam is also spoken in Union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry. Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Lakshadweep (Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് []) is the smallest Union Territory of India. ... Map of Pondicherry Region, Union Territory of Pondicherry, India Pondicherry is a Union Territory of India. ... This is a list of languages ordered by number of native-language speakers, with some data for second-language use. ... Current distribution of Human Language Families Most languages are known to belong to language families. ... The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 26 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka, as well as certain areas in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and eastern and central India, as well as in parts of Afghanistan and Iran. ... This is a sub-classification of the Dravidian family of languages. ... Tamil and Kannada are two dravidian langauages. ... The Tamil-Malayalam languages are a subcategory of the Dravidian language family, and include Tamil, Malayalam, and related dialects. ... Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... India is subdivided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories States and territories of India States: Union Territories: Andaman and Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu Lakshadweep Pondicherry National Capital Territory of Delhi // History Pre-independence British India, which included all of modern-day India... A Union Territory is an administrative division of India. ... Lakshadweep (Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് []) is the smallest Union Territory of India. ... Map of Pondicherry Region, Union Territory of Pondicherry, India Pondicherry is a Union Territory of India. ... ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family. ... ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 2: Alpha-3 code Twenty-two of the languages have two three-letter codes: a code for bibliographic use (ISO 639-2/B) a code for terminological use (ISO 639-2/T). ... ISO 639-3 is in process of development as an international standard for language codes. ... Image File history File links Created by me. ... The Brahmic family is a family of abugidas used in South Asia, Tibet and Southeast Asia. ... India is subdivided into twenty-eight states and seven union territories States and territories of India States: Union Territories: Andaman and Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu Lakshadweep Pondicherry National Capital Territory of Delhi // History Pre-independence British India, which included all of modern-day India... Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... South India is a region of India that includes the entire Indian Peninsula, south of the Vindhya ranges. ... India has a diverse list of spoken languages among different groups of people. ... A union territory is an administrative division of India. ... Lakshadweep (Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് []) is the smallest Union Territory of India. ... Map of Pondicherry Region, Union Territory of Pondicherry, India Pondicherry is a Union Territory of India. ...

The language belongs to the family of Dravidian languages. Both the language and its writing system are closely related to Tamil. Malayalam has a script of its own. The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 26 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka, as well as certain areas in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and eastern and central India, as well as in parts of Afghanistan and Iran. ... Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... The Malayalam script is an abugida of the Brahmic family, used to write the Malayalam language. ...

Evolution

With Tamil, Toda, Kota, Kodava Thakk and Kannada, Malayalam belongs to the southern group of Dravidian languages. Its affinity to Tamil is most striking. Proto-Tamil Malayalam, the common stock of Tamil and Malayalam apparently diverged over a period of four of five centuries from the ninth century on, resulting in the emergence of Malayalam as a language distinct from Tamil. As the language of scholarship and administration Tamil greatly influenced the early development of Malayalam. Later the irresistible inroads the Namboothiris and Nambiars made into the cultural life of Kerala and the trade relationships with Arabs and the conquest of Kerala by Portuguese, establishing vassal states accelerated the assimilation of many Romance, Semitic and Indo-Aryan features into Malayalam at different levels spoken by different castes and religious communities like Muslims, Christians and Hindus. Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... Toda is a Dravidian language well known for its many fricatives and trills. ... Kodava Thakk, often called Coorgi or Coorg language in English, is the original language of the south Karnataka district of Kodagu. ... Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ ; also, less commonly, Kanarese) is one of the major Dravidian languages of southern India and one of the oldest languages in India. ... The Namboothiris (Malayalam :നമ്പൂതിരി)are the Brahmins of Kerala. ... Marthanda Varma, who was of Kshatriya origin Nambiar (Nambiyar,Nambier) is a title of a Kshatriya caste from the Malabar in North Kerala and also of a much smaller group of members of the Ambalavasi Brahmin caste, Nambiars are second highest Kshatriya sub-caste, second to the Rajah (King) like... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages, are a subfamily of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Vulgar Latin dialects spoken by the common people evolving in different areas after the break-up of the Roman Empire. ... Semitic is a linguistic term referring to a subdivision of largely Middle Eastern Afro-Asiatic languages, the Semitic languages, as well as their speakers corresponding cultures, and ethnicities. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ...

Kerala and Lakshadweep Islands are the only places in the world where Malayalam is the main spoken language. Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Lakshadweep (Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് []) is the smallest Union Territory of India. ...

Malayalam colloquial grammar is available at [1]

Development of literature

The earliest written record of Malayalam is the Vazhappalli inscription (ca. 830 AD). The early literature of Malayalam comprised three types of composition:

• Classical songs known as /Pattu/ of the Tamil tradition
• Manipravalam/ of the Sanskrit tradition, which permitted a generous interspersing of Sanskrit with Malayalam
• The folk song rich in native elements

Malayalam poetry to the late twentieth century betrays varying degrees of the fusion of the three different strands. The oldest examples of /Pattu/ and Manipravalam respectively are /ramacharitam/ and /vaishikatantram/, both of the twelfth century.

The earliest extant prose work in the language is a commentary in simple Malayalam, Bhashakautaliyam (12th century) on Chanakya's Arthasastra.Adhyathmaramayanamby Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan is one of the most important works in Malyalam Literature. Malayalam prose of different periods exhibit various levels of influence from different languages such as Tamil, Sanskrit, Prakrit, Pali, Hebrew, Hindi, Urdu, Arabic, Persian, Syriac, Portuguese, Dutch, French and English^{[citation needed]}. Modern literature is rich in poetry, fiction, drama, biography, and literary criticism. Adhyathmaramayanam is the Malayalam version of Ramayana written by Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan in the early 17th Century. ... Thunjath Ezhuthachan is known as the Father of the Malayalam language. ... Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... Sanskrit ( संस्कृतम् ; pronunciation: ) is an Indo-European classical language of India and a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. ... Prakrit (Sanskrit prāká¹›ta प्राकृत (from pra-ká¹›ti प्रकृति), original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual, i. ... Pāli is a Middle Indo-Aryan dialect or prakrit. ... Hebrew (עִבְרִית, ‘Ivrit) is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Jewish communities around the world. ... Hindi (हिन्दी or हिंदी in DevanāgarÄ«), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in Northern and Central India is the official language of the central government of India. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian influence in Central Asia and South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... The Arabic language (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Persian is a language spoken in Iran, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Syriac is an Eastern Aramaic language that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

Phonology

For the consonants and vowels, the IPA is given, followed by the Malayalam character and the ISO 15919 transliteration. A romanization or latinization is a system for representing a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, where the original word or language used a different writing system. ...

Vowels

• [ä] and [ə] are both represented as basic or "default" vowels in the abugida script (although [ə] never occurs word-initially and therefore does not make use of the letter അ), but they are distinct vowels.
• [ɔː] is an allophone of /oː/ that occurs in Sanskrit-derived words such as Aum [ɔːm].

Malayalam has also borrowed the Sanskrit diphthongs of /äu/ (represented in Malayalam as ഔ, au) and /äi/ (represented in Malayalam as ഐ, ai), although these mostly occur only in Sanskrit loanwords. Traditionally (as in Sanskrit), four vocalic consonants have been classified as vowels : vocalic r (ഋ) , long vocalic r (ൠ), vocalic l (ഌ) and long vocalic l (ൡ) (the vowel is the same for each of these, except for the length - two have short vowels and two have long vowels). These are classified as vowels because the sounds occur in Sanskrit loanwords but the vowel that follows the consonant in each case is not officially recognised as being such. In linguistics, vowel length is the perceived duration of a vowel sound. ... Vowels Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel. ... A central vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... A back vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... Vowels Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel. ... A central vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... A back vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... A close vowel is a type of vowel sound used in many spoken languages. ... A mid vowel is a vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... An open vowel is a vowel sound of a type used in most spoken languages. ...

Consonants

*The unaspirated alveolar plosive used to have a separate character but it has become obsolete because it only occurs in geminate form (when geminated it is written with a റ below another റ) or immediately following other consonants (in these cases, റ or ററ is usually written in small size underneath the first consonant). To see how the archaic letter looked, find the Malayalam letter in the the row for t here.
* The dental nasal used to have a separate character but this is now obsolete (to see how it looked, find the Malayalam letter in the row for n here) and the sound is almost always represented by the symbol for the alveolar nasal.
* The letter ഫ represents both /pʰ/, a native phoneme, and /f/, which only occurs in borrowed words. Labials are consonants articulated either with both lips (bilabial articulation) or with the lower lip and the upper teeth (labiodental articulation). ... In phonetics, labiodentals are consonants articulated with the lower lips and the upper teeth, or viceversa. ... Dentals are consonants such as t, d, n, and l articulated with either the lower or the upper teeth, or both, rather than with the gum ridge as in English. ... Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth. ... Sub-apical retroflex plosive In phonetics, retroflex consonants are consonant sounds used in some languages. ... Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). ... Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum). ... Glottal consonants are consonants articulated with the glottis. ... A stop or plosive or occlusive is a consonant sound produced by stopping the airflow in the vocal tract. ... In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of air that accompanies the release of some obstruents. ... In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of air that accompanies the release of some obstruents. ... A nasal consonant is produced when the velum—that fleshy part of the palate near the back—is lowered, allowing air to escape freely through the nose. ... Approximants are speech sounds that could be regarded as intermediate between vowels and typical consonants. ... Liquid consonants, or liquids, are approximant consonants that are not classified as semivowels (glides) because they do not correspond phonetically to specific vowels (in the way that, for example, the initial in English yes corresponds to ). The class of liquids can be divided into lateral liquids and rhotics. ... Fricatives (or spirants) are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together. ... In phonetics, a flap or tap is a type of consonantal sound, which is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator is thrown against another. ... Laterals are L-like consonants pronounced with an occlusion made somewhere along the axis of the tongue, while air from the lungs escapes at one side or both sides of the tongue. ...

The script

Main article: Malayalam script

Basic Grantha script

In the early ninth century /vattezhuthu/ (round writing) traceable through the Grantha script, to the pan-Indian Brahmi script, gave rise to the Malayalam writing system. It is syllabic in the sense that the sequence of graphic elements means that syllables have to be read as units, though in this system the elements representing individual vowels and consonants are for the most part readily identifiable. In the 1960s Malayalam dispensed with many special letters representing less frequent conjunct consonants and combinations of the vowel /u/ with different consonants. The Malayalam script is an abugida of the Brahmic family, used to write the Malayalam language. ... Image File history File links Grantha. ... Image File history File links Grantha. ... Grantha (from Sanskrit ग्रन्थ grantha meaning book or manuscript) is an ancient script that was prevalent in South India. ... Brāhmī refers to the pre-modern members of the Brahmic family of scripts, attested from the 3rd century BC. The best known and earliest dated inscriptions in Brahmi are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka. ...

Malayalam now consists of 56 letters including 20 long and short vowels and the rest consonants. The earlier style of writing is now substituted with a new style from 1981. This new script reduces the different letters for typeset from 900 to less than 90. This was mainly done to include Malayalam in the keyboards of typewriters and computers.

In 1999 a group called Rachana Akshara Vedi, led by Chitrajakumar and K.H. Hussein, produced a set of free fonts containing the entire character repertoire of more than 900 glyphs. This was announced and released along with an editor in the same year at Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala. In 2004, the fonts were released under the GNU GPL license by Richard Stallman of the Free Software Foundation at the Cochin University of Science and Technology in Kochi, Kerala. A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... These are the astrological glyphs as most commonly used in Western Astrology A glyph is a specific symbol representing a semantic or phonetic unit of definitive value in a writing system. ... An editor is a software tool. ... Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം), formerly known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of Thiruvananthapuram District. ... Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... GPL redirects here. ...

Language variation and external influence

Variations in intonation patterns, vocabulary, and distribution of grammatical and phonological elements are observable along the parameters of region, religion, community, occupation, social stratum, style and register. Influence of Sanskrit is most prominent in the Hindu high caste dialects and least in the lower caste dialects like most other Indian languages. Loan words from English, Syriac, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, and Portuguese abound in the Christian dialects and those from Arabic and Urdu in the Muslim dialects. Malayalam has borrowed from Sanskrit thousands of nouns, hundreds of verbs and some indeclinables. Some items of basic vocabulary also have found their way into Malayalam from Sanskrit. Like in other parts of India, Sanskrit was considered an aristocratic and scholastic language, similar to Latin in European history. Sanskrit ( संस्कृतम् ; pronunciation: ) is an Indo-European classical language of India and a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A Christian is a follower of Jesus, whom they regard as a/the Christ. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian influence in Central Asia and South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian: مسلمان) is an adherent of Islam. ... Sanskrit ( संस्कृतम् ; pronunciation: ) is an Indo-European classical language of India and a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ...

But a greater degree of Sanskrit influence is confined to the Namboothiri dialect of Malayalam which is spoken by people constituting less than 2% of the total Malayali population. The Namboothiris (Malayalam :നമ്പൂതിരി)are the Brahmins of Kerala. ...

Borrowing words from Sanskrit

When words are borrowed from Sanskrit, they are usually changed to conform to Malayalam norms:

1. Masculine Sanskrit words ending in a short "a" in the nominative singular change their ending to "an". For example, Kṛṣṇa -> Kṛṣṇan. However, there are exceptions - for example, if someone's first name were a Sanskrit derived name like Kṛṣṇan, a person talking about him might drop the "n" if it were immediately followed by his surname (this only applies for certain surnames).
2. Feminine words ending in a long "ā" or "ī" are changed so that they now end in a short "a" or "i", for example Sītā -> Sīta and Lakṣmī -> Lakṣmi. However, the long vowel still appears in compound words like Sītādēvi or Lakṣmīdēvi. Some vocative case forms of both Sanskrit and native Malayalam words end in ā or ī, and there are also a small number of nominative ī endings that have not been shortened - a prominent example being the word Śrī,
3. Masculine words ending in a long "ā" in the nominative singular have a "v" added to them, for example Brahmā -> Brahmāv. This rule is sometimes applied inconsistently, for example Sanskrit rāja becomes rājāv (although the regularly derived rājan is also found, especially in personal names and poetic language). The "v" at the end is followed by a vowel known as a samvṛtōkāram.
4. Words which end in "n" in the Sanskrit nominative singular but have a different root - for example, the Sanskrit root of "Bhagavān" is actually "Bhagavat"- are also changed. The original root is ignored and "Bhagavān" (for example) is taken as the basic form of the noun when declining.
5. Sanskrit words describing things or animals rather than people which end in a short "a" have an "m" added to the end in Malayalam. For example, Rāmāyaṇa -> Rāmāyaṇam. "Things and animals" and "people" are not differentiated based on whether or not they are sentient beings - for example Narasimha becomes Narasimham and not Narasimhan whilst Ananta becomes Anantan even though both are sentient - but on purely arbitrary criteria.
6. A very few people whose Sanskrit names end in "a" are given the plural suffix "-r" rather than normal "n" because they are revered, but this is extremely inconsistent - for example, Śankarācārya becomes Śankarācāryar but Agastya becomes Agastyan.
7. All other nouns like "Viṣṇu", "Prajāpati" etc stay the same.

The nominative case is a grammatical case for a noun, which generally marks the subject of a verb, as opposed to its object or other verb arguments. ... Krishna (कृष्ण in Devanagari, IAST ) is according to various Hindu traditions the eighth or the ninth avatar of Vishnu. ... Sita Devi SITA ... Image of Goddess Lakshmi Sculpture of Lakshmi In Hinduism, Lakshmi or Laxmi (Sanskrit: लक्ष्मी ) is the goddess of wealth, light, wisdom and fortune, as well as (secondarily) luck, beauty and fertility. ... The vocative case is the case used for a noun identifying the person (animal, object, etc. ... Brahma, the Creator, is depicted with four heads, each reciting one of the four Vedas. ... Bhagavan - (also Bhagawan or Bhagwan) is a religio/theological title associated with particular Hindu deities and/or saints, by their devotees. ... The Rāmāyaņa (Sanskrit: रामायण) is a Hindu epic attributed to the poet Valmiki and is an important part of the Hindu canon (smriti). ... A monolithic statue of Narasimha at Vijayanagara. ... Ananta is a Sanskrit word meaning without end, or the the infinite one. Ananta is a commonly used name for Shesha (or Ananta Shesha), an incarnation of Vishnu from Hindu tradition, in the form of a large, divine serpent with many thousands of heads. ... Sri Adi Sankara Shri Shankaracharya, Adhi Shankaracharya, or Adi Shankara (the first Shankara in his lineage), reverentially called Bhagavatpada Acharya (the teacher at the feet of Lord), Shankara (approximately 509- 477 BC) [1] was the most famous Advaita philosopher who had a profound influence on the growth of Hinduism through... In Hinduism, Agastya (अगस्त्य in devanagari, pronounced as /ə gəs tyə/; also transliterated as Agathiar, Agasthiar, Agastyar and in other ways) is a legendary Vedic sage or rishi. ... For other uses of the name Vishnu, see Vishnu (disambiguation). ... In Hinduism, Prajapati is Lord of Creatures, thought to be depicted on ancient Harappan seals, sitting in yogic posture, with an erection and what appear to be bison horns. ...

Trivia

• Malayalam is the longest language name in English which is a palindrome.
• The first Malayalam dictionary was compiled by a German missionary, Hermann Gundert (Grandfather of Nobel Laureate German writer Hermann Hesse).

A palindrome is a word, phrase, number or other sequence of units (such as a strand of DNA) that has the property of reading the same in either direction (the adjustment of punctuation and spaces between words is generally permitted). ... Dr. Herman Gundert Rev. ... Hermann Hesse in 1927 Hermann Hesse (pronounced ) (2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a German-Swiss poet, novelist, and painter. ...

See also

• The lists of Malayalam words and words of Malayalam origin at Wiktionary, the free dictionary and Wikipedia's sibling project
• Judeo-Malayalam
• Kerala
• Malayalam calendar
• Malayalam literature
• Malayalam cinema
• Malayalam journalism
• List of places in Kerala
• Demographics of India for a list of the official languages of India.
• Languages of India
• List of national languages of India
• List of Indian languages by total speakers

Wiktionary is a Wikimedia Foundation project intended to be a free wiki dictionary (hence: Wiktionary) (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ... Judeo-Malayalam is the traditional language spoken by the Cochin Jews (also called Malabar Jews), from Kerala, in southern India, spoken today by about 8,000 people in Israel and by probably fewer than 100 in India. ... Kerala ((?); Malayalam: കേരളം, — ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... The Malayalam calendar is a sidereal solar calendar used in the South Indian state of Kerala. ... Literature written in Malayalam language. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Malayalam journalism refers to the practice of journalism in the Malayalam language. ... This a list of places in Kerala state, southern India. ... Map showing the population density of each state in India India houses a population of 1. ... // The languages of India Hindi, in Devanagari script, is the primary official language used by the Central Government of the Union of India. ... India has a diverse list of spoken languages among different groups of people. ... Indian languages spoken by more than ten million people are given below. ...

External links

Malayalam language edition of Wikipedia

• Malayalam E-learning website by NORKA,Govt. of Kerala
• Free malayalam Applications and resources for LINUX and Windows
• A good website for learning Malayalam
• The first Malayalam literature based online web forum
• Information on Malayalam language at Department of Public Relations, Government of Kerala
• Grammar of colloquial Malayalam
• Useful Malayalam phrases in English and other Indian languages.
• Unicode Code Chart for Malayalam (PDF Format)
• writeKA English-to-Malayalam Online Transliterator
• Ethnologue report for Malayalam
• Malayalam Online Dictionary
• Malayalam Internet Radio(Needed player download to listen).
• Indian Language Converter A means to transliterate romanised to Unicode Malayalam
• Malayalam Text Editor, Input Method Editor and Unicode Font for Windows, Linux and Mac.
• Chowara Editor - Malayalam Editor Ver. 2.0 Download Editor and Malayalam font