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National service

The Malaysian National Service, or Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN) was first proposed in late 2001, brought to committee the next year, and finally brought to action in 2003. Initially it was thought that all youth of a certain age would be drafted but later the numbers were restricted due to lack of resources. The issue of conscription has always been a sensitive political issue in Malaysia because of the ethnic divisions of the country. The rationale for National Service was to bond the youth of Malaysia together and create a Malaysian nation, as the problem of racial polarisation was found to pervade educational institutions in Malaysia. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Military of Malaysia is known officially as the Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF, Malay: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia). ... Image File history File links Malaysian_Armed_Forces_Insignia. ... Malaysian Army ensign Crest of Malaysian Army The Malaysian Army (Malay: Tentera Darat Malaysia) is the land component of the Malaysian Armed Forces. ... Image File history File links Malaysian_Army_Flag. ... Royal Malaysian Navy ensign Image:Royal Malaysian Navy crest. ... Image File history File links Naval_Ensign_of_Malaysia. ... The Royal Malaysian Air Force (Malay: Tentera Udara DiRaja Malaysia) was formed in 1958 as the Royal Malayan Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Persekutuan). ... Image File history File links Royal_Malaysian_Air_Force_Flag. ... Malaysias armed forces, which encompasses three major branches, originate from the formation of local military forces in the first half of the 20th century, during British colonial rule of Malaya and Singapore prior to Malayas independence in 1957. ... Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa Categories: Military stubs ... The Armed Forces Council is established by Article 137 of the Constitution of Malaysia and is the constitutional body rensponsible ( under the general authority of the King ) for the command, discipline and administration of malaysias armed forces. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

Background to the ethnic problem of Malaya

Under British colonial rule the ethnic Malay population was encouraged to concentrate on subsistence agriculture, serving in the military, or working as civil servants. Ethnic Chinese were already present in what is now Malaysia and usually worked in the commercial sector. More Chinese were brought in to work on the rubber plantations and in the tin mines. When Chinese were found to be unsuitable for this sort of indentured labor, and unwilling to work under close supervision, they were replaced by Indians. Malaysia still retains a degree of separation in the economy. Malays still dominate the government and the security forces such as the army and police force. The Chinese are mainly focused in the private sector. Non-Muslim Indians remain the poorest section of Malaysian society. This has had an impact on the issue of National Service. Some ethnic Malays have not felt they can trust the other communities. Many people from the other communities are reluctant to serve in a Malay-dominated institution like the government bureaucracy, defence force and the police force.

Objectives of the NSP

• Develop a young generation who are patriotic and with love for their country
• Enhance unity among the multi-racial communities in the country
• Instill a spirit of caring and volunteerism among society
• Produce an active, intelligent and confident generation
• Develop positive characteristics among the younger generation through good values

The National Service program

In late December 2003, the names of 85,000 conscripts for the first National Service program was made public. The government announced that these youths were randomly selected out of the roughly 450,000 youths born in 1986, through a computerised process. National service is a common name for compulsory or voluntary military service programs. ...

The program has its own theme song and logo. Conscripts are issued two pairs each of three different types of uniforms: a class uniform, a sports uniform, and a combat uniform. The combat uniform's design is of blue camouflage stripes, made out of light blue, dark blue, white, and black. The general color scheme for the class and sports uniforms is blue, and black. Countershaded Ibex are almost invisible in the Israeli desert. ...

The program is split into 4 modules:

• Physical Module - Marching (Kawat), hand to hand combat (Tempur Tanpa Senjata), obstacle courses (Kembara Halangan), abseilling (Tali Tinggi), "Flying Fox", canoeing (Kayak), camping(Wirajaya), Navigation (Navigasi), survival training and first aid training.

• Nation Building Module (Kenegaraan) - Classroom based. Nation's history, sovereignty and dignity, Malaysia and international affairs, Defence and National Security and Citizen's responsibility to the nation. The class are based on group based training (Latihan Dalam Kumpulan).

• Character Building Module (Pembinaan Karakter) - Classroom based. It comprise 2 modules. The first one, Module A speaks about Bringing Out The Best In Me while the second module, Module B, relates to Bringing Out The Best In Others. This component is experential based and relies on games and activities as the means of teaching. It is about instilling good values and Self-confidence, leadership and self-evaluation.

• Community Service Module (Khidmat Komuniti)- Trainees are sent in groups to places in surrounding areas to give the trainees a chance to serve society. This is about building and restoring public amenities. It also teaches them environmental restoration and protection as well.

In the 2004 program, conscripts (referred to as "trainees" or "Wira" for boys and "Wirawati" for girls) spent 3 month in physical training camp. The program consisted of three separate, overlapping batches. The first batch of 24,000 began in February and ended in March, while the second and third batches began in March and ended in June. Trainees were divided among 79 training camps scattered all over the country. Each camp was supposed to contain a good mix of youth from different ethnic groups and locations. Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful skills. ...

List of National Service Training Camps

There are many National Service training camps in every state in Malaysia except the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya Wikinews has news related to this article: Australia Wikitravel guide to Australia Australian Government Entry Portal Australia Photos Commonwealth Government Online Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA) DFAT: Country Information Satellite images of Australia (Google Maps) National Library of Australia National Museum of Australia Categories: Oceanic countries... Nickname: Motto: Maju dan makmur (Malay: Progress and Prosper) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: , Country Malaysia State Federal Territory Establishment 1857 Granted city status 1974 Government  - Mayor (Datuk Bandar) Datuk Abdul Hakim Borhan From 14 December 2006 Area  - City 243. ... Motto: Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Wilayah Persekutuan Made into Federal Territory 16 April 1984 Government  - Administered by Perbadanan Labuan Labuan Corporation  - Chairman Datuk Suhaili Abdul Rahman Area  - City 92 km²  (35. ... Motto: Bandar raya Taman, Bandar raya Bestari (English : The Garden City, The Smart City ) Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Wilayah Persekutuan Establishment 1995, October 19th Made into Federal Territory 2001, February 1st Government  - Administered by Perbadanan Putrajaya Putrajaya Corporation  - Chairman Samsudin Osman Area  - City 46 km²  (17. ...

Perlis

• Tasik Meranti Camp, Wang Kelian
• Tasoh Camp, Beseri
• Guar Chenderai Camp, Padang Besar

Wang Kelian is a Perlis town border of Malaysia-Thailand Border. ... Padang Besar is a town in the state of Perlis in Malaysia. ...

Kedah

• Beringin Beach Resort Camp, Langkawi
• Rimba Taqwa Camp, Sik
• Dusun Resort Camp, Kuala Nerang
• PLKN Bukit Besar Camp, Kulim
• Damai Park Resort Camp, Merbok
• PLKN Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Camp, Sintok
• Kem Rekreasi Belia, Baling,
• Kem Lagenda Seri Negeri, Langkawi
• Sri Kandi Camp, Kubang Pasu
• Gardenia Camp, Kubang Pasu
• D' Jelapang Camp, Kubang Pasu

Langkawi is an archipelago of 99 islands in the Andaman Sea, some 30 km off the mainland coast of northwestern Malaysia. ... Kuala Nerang is the town and district capital of Pendang district, Kedah, Malaysia. ... Kulim is a major town and district in Kedah, Malaysia. ... Merbok is a small town in Kedah, Malaysia. ... Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), is a public university located in the northern Malaysian state of Kedah. ... Sintok is a small town in Kedah, Malaysia. ... Also see bale. ... Langkawi is an archipelago of 99 islands in the Andaman Sea, some 30 km off the mainland coast of northwestern Malaysia. ... Kubang Pasu is a district in Kedah, Malaysia. ... Kubang Pasu is a district in Kedah, Malaysia. ... Kubang Pasu is a district in Kedah, Malaysia. ...

Penang

• Sri Impian Camp, Sungai Bakap
• Syruz Camp, Bukit Mertajam

Sungai Bakap is a town in Penang, Malaysia. ... St. ...

Perak

• Kem Akademi Kepimpinan Segari, Manjung
• PLKN Kampung Baharu (Men's) Camp, Air Tawar
• Terkekok Camp, Sungai Siput
• Teluk Rubiah Camp, Lumut
• Kem Taman Kepimpinan Gemilang, Gopeng
• Tegas Mesra Camp, Selama
• Sentosa Camp, Chenderiang
• Jiwa Murni Camp, Gunung Semanggol

Manjung also known previously as Dinding, is located in south-west of state of Perak. ... Sungai Siput is a town in Kinta district, Perak, Malaysia. ... Lumut is a small town (population 31,880) in Perak, Malaysia, situated about 84 km south of Ipoh, 2 km from the town of Sitiawan and it is the gateway to Pangkor Island. ... Gopeng is a small town about 20 km south of Ipoh, which is the state capital of Perak in Malaysia. ... Selama is an administrative district in Perak, Malaysia. ...

Selangor

• Kem Bina Semangat, Kuala Kubu Bharu
• Temasya Rimba Templer, Templer Park, Rawang -- Closed
• PLKN Princess Haliza Camp, Sepang
• Millennium Camp, Beranang
• Paya Indah Camp, Kuala Langat
• Geo Cosmo Camp, Behrang (Selangor side)
• PLKN Setia Ikhlas Camp, Semenyih

This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Nung-Rawang people are an ethnic group who inhabit far northern Kachin State of Myanmar (Burma). ... Sepang is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. ... Beranang is a town of Selangor in Malaysia. ... Kuala Langat is a district of Selangor, Malaysia. ... Behrang is a small town near Bernam River, Perak-Selangor border, Malaysia. ... Semenyih (2. ...

Negeri Sembilan

• De Bana Camp, Jempol
• Ulu Pari Camp, Rembau
• PDS Resort Camp, Port Dickson
• Karisma Camp, Kuala Pilah
• Seri Perkasa Camp, Mantin
• Titian Bintagor, Rembau
• Rachado Bay Camp, Tanjung Tuan (Negeri Sembilan side)

Jempol is the largest district in the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan. ... Rembau is a town within a district that shares the same name in the state of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. ... Map of Port Dickson Port Dickson or PD to locals is a beach and holiday destination situated about 32 km from Seremban and 60 km from Kuala Lumpur. ... Kuala Pilah is a main town in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia ... Mantin is a town in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. ... Rembau is a town within a district that shares the same name in the state of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. ... Tanjung Tuan or Cape Rachado is a town in Malacca, Malaysia. ...

Melaka

• Warisan Camp, Masjid Tanah
• Ayer Keroh Recreational Park Camp, Ayer Keroh
• Kem Lagenda Gunung Ledang, Asahan, Jasin
• Kem PLKN Putra-Putri, Alor Gajah

Masjid Tanah is a major town in Melaka, Malaysia. ... Ayer Keroh is town in the Malaysian state of Malacca. ... Jasin is one of the three districts in the State of Melaka in Malaysia. ... Alor Gajah is a town and a district in Melaka, Malaysia. ...

Johor

• Pusat Bina Semangat YPJ, Mersing
• Kem Rekreasi Pertanian Teluk Sari, Mersing
• Nasuha Camp, Pagoh
• Kem Desaru Gerak Khas, Desaru
• Semberong Camp, Batu Pahat
• Kem PLKN Pth Padang Hijau, Kluang
• PLKN Kem Sri Ledang, Tangkak

Mersing is the name of a town and district in the northeast corner in the state of Johor, Malaysia. ... Mersing is the name of a town and district in the northeast corner in the state of Johor, Malaysia. ... Pagoh is a main town in the Muar district of Johor, Malaysia. ... Desaru is a beach and resort area in Johor, Malaysia. ... This article does not adequately cite its references. ... Kluang is a town and district located roughly in the middle of the state of Johor in Malaysia. ... Tangkak is a town situated in the district of Muar in the state of Johor, Malaysia. ...

Pahang

• Benum Hill Resort Camp, Raub
• Pinggiran Pelangi Camp, Bandar Muadzam Shah
• Summerset Resort Camp, Kuala Rompin
• Lake Chini Resort Camp, Lake Chini
• Gambang Camp (Agro Resort Sungai Semuji), Gambang
• Kem Cahaya Gemilang, Cherating
• Semarak Camp, Pekan
• Chamang Camp, Bentong

Raub is both a town and a district in Pahang, Malaysia. ... Bandar Muadzam Shah is a town in Pekan, southeast Pahang, Malaysia. ... Kuala Rompin is a main town in Pahang, Malaysia. ... Tasik Chini is a series of 12 lakes near the Pahang River in central Pahang, Malaysia. ... A gambang is a metallophone-like percussive instrument of Indonesian origin, with wooden bars as opposed to the metallic ones in a Western metallophone; it forms part of a gamelan ensemble. ... Cherating is a beach town in Pahang, Malaysia. ... Country Malaysia State Pahang Establishment 17th Century Government  - Mayor Tuan Hj Abdul Basik Bin Mohd Sah, AAP.,AMP.,AMN Website: http://www. ... Bentong is both a town and a district in Pahang, Malaysia. ...

Kelantan

• Kisana Beach Resort Camp, Pasir Puteh
• Etnobotani Training Camp, Gua Musang
• Cancun Park Camp, Pasir Mas
• Batu Jong Training Camp, Kuala Krai

Pasir Puteh is a district and town in Kelantan, Malaysia. ... Gua Musang is a town and territory (jajahan) in Kelantan, Malaysia. ... Pasir Mas is a district and town in Kelantan, Malaysia. ... Kuala Krai is a district and town in Kelantan, Malaysia. ...

Terengganu

• Merang Suria Holiday Camp, Setiu
• Kem Peladang Setiu Agro Resort, Setiu
• Cheneh Cemerlang Training Camp, Kemaman
• Bakau Resort Camp, Kerteh

Setiu is a main district in Terengganu, Malaysia. ... Setiu is a main district in Terengganu, Malaysia. ... Kemaman is a district in Terengganu, Malaysia. ... Kerteh is a main town in Terengganu, Malaysia. ...

Sabah

• Ovai Wawasan Camp, Papar
• Tanaki Camp, Tambunan
• San Shui Camp, Tawau
• Sinar Jaya Camp, Kota Belud
• Bagai Budi Resort Camp, Sandakan
• Kubena Camp, Sipitang
• Kem KK Dibawah Bayu, Tuaran

Papar is a town located in West Coast Division, in the center of Sabah, east Malaysia on the island of Borneo. ... Tambunan is a town located in Interior Division of Sabah, east Malaysia on the island of Borneo. ... Location of Tawau in Malaysia and Sabah Coordinates: , Country Malaysia State Sabah Establishment Government  - Council President Salsidu Ibrahim Area  - City 6,125 km²  (2,365 sq mi) Population (2006)  - City 370,800  - Density 60. ... Kota Belud is a town located in West Coast Division, in the center of Sabah, east Malaysia on the island of Borneo. ... Nickname: Location in Sabah and Malaysia Country Malaysia State Sandakan Establishment Government  - Council President Dr Yeo Boon Hai Area  - City 2,266 km²  (875 sq mi) Population (2006)  - City 427,200  - Density 184/km² (488/sq mi) Time zone MST (UTC+8)  - Summer (DST) Not observed (UTC) Website: http://www. ... Sipitang is a town located in Interior Division of Sabah, east Malaysia on the island of Borneo. ... Tuaran town Tuaran is a town located in West Coast Division, in the northwest of Sabah, east Malaysia on the island of Borneo. ...

Sarawak

• Bukit Saban Resort Camp, Betong
• Miri Camp, Batang Rait, Miri
• Junaco Park Camp, Sibu
• Similajau Camp, Bintulu
• Juara Camp, Serian
• Putra Sentosa Camp, Sematan
• Bumimas Camp, Sibu
• Puncak Permai Camp, Bau

In 2007 program, 100,000 people will be selected out of the country's youths born in 1989. They will be placed in 79 training camps, in three different batches. Each batch will undergo three months of training. However, the 2007 batches will not overlap, as with the previous year's. Instead, the three batches will span a total of nine months. Training of the first batch started on 1 January 2007 and will end at 11 March 2007. There were delays for trainees from the East Coast due to severe flooding in the region. Betong MDB Building Betong is a town and administrative district of the Betong Division in Sarawak, Malaysia, lying in the Saribas area. ... Location in Malaysia Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Sarawak Establishment Local Authority (Granted city status in 2005) Government  - Mayor Dato Wee Han Wen Area  - City 4,707. ... Sibu is a town, and the capital of Sibu District (2,229. ... Bintulu is a coastal town, and the capital of the Bintulu District (7,220. ... Serian is a town, and the capital of the Serian District (2,039. ... Sibu is a town, and the capital of Sibu District (2,229. ... In Sumerian and Akkadian mythology Bau was a goddess, daughter of An and Ninurtas wife. ...

A well-known insider account of daily life in Malaysian National Service is the livejournal entries Operating Instructions by an anonymous "Kim".

The program is run by Jabatan Latihan Khidmat Negara (JLKN) or National Service Department, a department under the Malaysian Ministry of Defence.

Problems with the Scheme

Despite progress towards ethnic harmony made in Malaysia in recent times it is clear that there are still problems. After the 2004 pilot batch completed their National Service, the youth wing of the MCA (Malaysian Chinese Association, Malaysia's largest ethnic Chinese party), on behalf of themselves and 8 other Chinese-based youth organizations, issued a memorandum to the National Service Training Council calling for more non-Malay trainers. They also criticised the lack of counsellors, imbalanced diet for the participants, poor communications among the various secretariats and no code of conduct for camp commandants or directors, trainers, facilitators and supervisors. Despite this somewhat diplomatic language it is clear that there is a problem with bullying by Malay NCOs and Officers, a lack of cultural sensitivity by the organizers, and a reluctance to provide a proper diet for the mainly Buddhist Chinese Malaysians and Hindu Indian Malaysians. MCA Flag The Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan Cina Malaysia, MCA) (Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Mǎ Huá Gōng Huì; Cantonese: Ma Wah Koong Wui) is a political party in Malaysia, made up of Chinese Malaysian and one of the three major parties that make up the ruling Barisan Nasional, or National... A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... A Hindu ( , Devanagari: हिन्दु), as per modern definition, is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, and the religious, philosophical and cultural system that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ...

Other main controversy issues of Malaysian National Service include the selection system where the government computer database system picks up the trainees randomly without even knowing about their social status. Some cases include poor teenagers who need to work for their living and young mothers with newborn babies who were selected for the program, which are considered as inhumane. However, selected trainees for more recent sessions with special cases can send a letter of appeal to be exempted from the training and will usually be approved

In 2005, concerns were raised in Parliament that youth were being taught to use firearms, namely M-16 rifles, in National Service. Deputy Prime Minister, Najib Razak, stated that this was merely a pilot project. However, Democratic Action Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Batu Gajah, Perak, claimed that the Parliamentary Select Committee on Unity and National Service had not been informed of the project. Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Malaysian Houses of Parliament in Kuala Lumpur. ... A Glock 22 hand-held firearm with internal laser sight and mounted flashlight, surrounded by hollowpoint ammunition. ... M16 is also the Eagle Nebula in astronomy. ... Dato Sri Najib Bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak (born July 23, 1953 in Kuala Lipis, Pahang) is the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia since January 7, 2004. ... Democratic Action Party (DAP) logo The Democratic Action Party (DAP, Parti Tindakan Demokratik in Malay) is Malaysias largest secular and Socialist opposition party. ... Batu Gajah (population 34,000) is a town located in the state of Perak in Malaysia, about 24 km from Ipoh, the Perak state capital. ... State anthem: Allah Lanjutkan Usia Sultan Capital Ipoh Royal capital Kuala Kangsar Ruling party Barisan Nasional  - Sultan Sultan Azlan Shah  - Menteri Besar Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali History    - Pangkor treaty 1874   - Federated into FMS 1895   - Japanese occupation 1942   - Accession into Federation of Malaya 1948  Area  - Total 21,006 km² Population  - 2005...

Trainees are required to submit a health status declaration form but are not required to seek qualified medical opinion in completing this declaration (unlike, for example, space camp which requires qualified medical certification of health status).

Despite of the numbers of fatalities and casualties among trainees, the government is still insisting to continue the program. Recently, Najib Razak had hinted that the program could be extended to 2 years, but he doubted that the parents would accept his proposal.

Trainee Fatalities while serving Khidmat Negara

2007

• Ili Ameera Azlan, 17, died on 18th January was attached to the Ayer Keroh, Melaka camp after suffering breathing difficulties [1]. The parents were paid RM 35,000.

• 1 March 2007 P. Prema from Kajang, Selangor, attached to the Kisana Beach Resort Camp, Kelantan was found unconscious in a toilet at Jeram Linang (0230 hours). She was taken to the Tengku Anis Hospital where she was pronounced dead.

2005

• Nurul Ashikin Karino, 17, died on 14th May at the Han Sui, Tawau, Sabah camp. Karino Jalani (father of the deceased) claimed that he was not allowed to meet his daughter who fell and was injured as part of a training accident [2]

• S. Theresa Pauline, 17, died on June 11th was attached to the Karisma Camp, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. She was admitted to the hospital on May 23rd after having fits. Her death was attributed to viral meningoencephaliti. Her father, S. Sarimuthu was paid RM 32,000 [3]

2004

• Awang Mohd Fazil Awang Borhan, 17, Died on April 23 was attached to the Simalajau Camp, Bintulu, Sarawak. He was swimming with 36 other trainees at Sungai Cina, Matang, Kuching, Sarawak.

• T. Saravana, 18, attached to the Ethnobotany Camp, Gua Musang, Kelantan. The trainee from 1614A Hospital Quarters, Taiping, Perak drowned while picknicking at Sungai Taman Wangi, Gua Musang, about 3 kilometres from his camp, with 250 trainees and 10 trainers.

References

• "'Views will be sought'". (Oct. 18, 2005). New Straits Times, p. 16.
• "Malaysia's 3-month national service a flop?". (May 4, 2004). Asia Times Online.

The New Straits Times is a Malaysian English-language newspaper. ...

External links

• Khidmat Negara - Official website for Malaysian National Service
• Malaysian Ministry of Defence - Website for the Ministry of Defence