Maleic anhydride
General
Systematic name	Maleic anhydride
Molecular formula	C4H2O3
Molar mass	98.06 g/mol
Appearance	white crystals
CAS number	[108-31-6]
Properties
Solubility in water	40 g/100 ml at ? °C
Melting point	53 °C (226K)
Boiling point	202 °C (475K)
Dipole moment	? D
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Corrosive (C)
NFPA 704
R-phrases	R22, R34, R42/43
S-phrases	S2, S22, S26, S36/37/39, S45
Flash point	102 °C
RTECS number	UE5950000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related acid anhydrides	Succinic anhydride
Related compounds	Maleic acid
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Maleic anhydride (cis-butenedioic anhydride, toxilic anhydride, dihydro-2,5-dioxofuran) is an organic compound with the formula C₄H₂O₃. In its pure state it is a colourless or white solid with an acrid odour. Image File history File links Maleic_anhydride. ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... Water has the chemical formula H2O, meaning that one molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid. ... The Earths magnetic field, which is approximately a dipole. ... The debye (symbol: D) is a non-SI and non-CGS unit of electrical dipole moment. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main source of European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The flash point of a fuel is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mix with air. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... The refractive index of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed relative to vacuum. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique to measure the mass-to-charge ratio (m/q) of ions. ... Acid anhydrides have the general formula (RCO)2O, and appear to be the dehydration product of two carboxylic acid molecules. ... Maleic acid or (Z)-Butenedioic acid or cis-butenedioic acid or malenic acid or maleinic acid or toxilic acid is an organic compound which is a dicarboxylic acid (molecule with two carboxyl groups). ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon, with the exception of carbides, carbonates, carbon oxides and gases containing carbon. ...

Maleic anhydride is industrially made by the oxidation of benzene or other suitable aromatic compounds. It reacts quickly with water, producing maleic acid. It is used for instance as a dienophile in Diels-Alder reactions. Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds. ... Benzene, also known as C6H6, PhH, and benzol, is an organic chemical compound which is a colorless and flammable liquid with a pleasant, sweet smell. ... The term aromatic compound may also refer to: any organic compound possessing a strong olfactory aroma aromatic hydrocarbons (originally named as a subset of the above; however, aromatic hydrocarbons do not necessarily possess any smell whatsoever) ... Maleic acid or (Z)-Butenedioic acid or cis-butenedioic acid or malenic acid or maleinic acid or toxilic acid is an organic compound which is a dicarboxylic acid (molecule with two carboxyl groups). ... A dienophile can only properly be explained by being familar with a Diels-Alder reaction. ... The Diels-Alder reaction is an organic chemical reaction (specifically, a cycloaddition) between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene, commonly termed the dienophile to form a substituted cyclohexene system. ...

Due to rising benzene prices, most of Maleic Anhydride plants now use N-Butane as a feedstock. As of 2006, only few smaller plants continue to use benzene.

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 0799
• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
• European Chemicals Bureau