Malononitrile, also propanedinitrile, is a nitrile, with formula CH2(CN)2. In science, a common name is any name by which a species or other concept is known that is not the official scientific name. ... There are millions of possible objects that can be described in science, too many to create common names for every one. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... A nitrile is an organic compound which has a -CN functional group. ...
The amount of malononitrile used in the reaction is usually in a ratio of 1 to 10 moles relative to 1 mole of compound (e).
First, 10.0 g of 4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzaldehyde and 3.50 g of malononitrile were dissolved in 60 ml of 70% (w/w) aqueous ethanol, to which a catalytic amount of benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.
First, 10.0 g of 4-(trifluoromethylthio)benzaldehyde and 2.92 g of malononitrile were dissolved in 50 ml of 70% (w/w) aqueous ethanol, to which a catalytic amount of benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.
Malononitrile is extensively used as a building block for the synthesis of vitamins, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and dyes.
The two most important outlets for malononitrile are thiamine (vitamin B1) [59-43-8] and the sulfonylurea herbicides based on 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine [36315-01-2], such as benzsulfuron-methyl, azimsulfuron [120162-55-2], pyrazosulfuron-ethyl [93697-74-6]and halosulfuron-methyl [100784-20-1].
Other outlets for malononitrile are the diuretic triamterene [396-01-0], the folic acid antagonist methotrexate [59-05-2], both prepared from 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine [1004-38-2](34), adenine [73-24-5], the antihypertensive minoxidil [38304-91-5], and the pesticide dicyclanil.
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