Maltese cuisine is the result of a long relationship between the Islanders and the many foreigners who made Malta their home over the centuries. This marriage of tastes has given Malta an eclectic mix of Mediterranean cooking. Many popular Maltese specialities are Italian/Sicilian or Moorish in origin. The Maltese people or Maltese are a nation and ethnic group native to Malta, an island nation consisting of an archipelago of seven islands in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea. ... External links Mediterranean cuisine guide and recipes Categories: Stub | Mediterranean cuisine ... Sicilian cuisine shows the markers of the cultures which established themselves on the island. ... Arab cuisine is the cuisine of the Arab countries. ...

Maltese cuisine is, nowadays, still popular in households and restaurants in Malta, but is by no means the main gastronomical form present on the island. Rather, it is a traditional form of cuisine, which was prepared more exclusively in the past centuries, and which has now become a part of a much more varied diet followed by the Maltese people. Indeed, the Maltese enjoy a Mediterranean diet, with heavy Italian influences. However, for the purpose of this article, Maltese cuisine is seen to be the more traditional form of Maltese cooking, which is still present on the island, but which has now been joined by other different types of cuisine and influences, which are also an integral part of the Maltese diet. Gastronomy is the study of relationship between culture and food. ... For cuisine, see Cuisine of the Mediterranean. ...

Dishes

This section describes some of the typical dishes of Maltese cuisine.

Soup

Aljotta (Maltese fish soup)

A rich fish soup, similar to broth in consistency, with plenty of garlic, herbs and tomatoes. Often served with rice. For other uses, see Soup (disambiguation). ... Broth is a liquid in which bones, meat, fish, cereal grains, or vegetables have been simmered and strained out. ... Binomial name L. Allium sativum L., commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. ... For other uses, see Tomato (disambiguation). ...

Kusksu (Maltese Broad Bean & Pasta Soup)

A thick, rustic soup made with fresh broad beans, a form of pasta beads called kusksu (not to be confused with couscous, which in Tunisia is called Kusksi or sometimes Kusksu), and onions and tomato paste.Traditionally a spring favorite, since it is the time when one of its main ingredients, broad beans, are in season. The use of kusksu pasta beads give it a particular texture. ^[1] Binomial name Vicia faba The fava bean, Vicia faba, is also known as the broad bean in the United Kingdom, horse bean or field bean. ... Couscous with vegetables and chickpeas Couscous or kuskus (pronounced in the US, in the UK; Berber Seksu - Arabic: ‎, called maftoul in Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine) is a food from the Maghreb of Berber origin. ...

Minestra (Maltese vegetable soup)

The start of many Maltese meals is soup. Traditionally minestra is a healthy, thick soup combining numerous fresh and dried vegetables and accompanied by a hearty, slice of crusty Maltese bread, ħobża. This dish is eaten all year round, but usually preferable in Winter as a hearty, warming dinner.

Soppa ta' l-armla (widow's soup)

Supposedly got its name from the tradition of neighbours donating products to poor widows living in their neighbourhood. This dish is vaguely similar to minestra, a thick vegetable soup, but it is slightly thinner, and rounded off with fresh ġbejniet which melt into the hot soup. Usually raw eggs are added at the end and when they coagulate, the soup is ready.

Brodu (Maltese broth)

A soup, similar to broths cooked in other countries. Contains a variety of vegetables. Also contains meat, with beef or chicken being the most commonly used. Served with different types of pasta. A dish which contains all the major food groups.

Pasta and rice

Mqarrun il-Forn (Maltese baked macaroni)

A baked dish made with macaroni, bolognese sauce, egg, and various other ingredients varying according to family tradition including peas and bacon. The macaroni is usually topped with a layer of grated cheese or besciamella (béchamel) that will melt during the baking process and aid in binding. Penne, a very common kind of maccheroni in Italy. ...

Ravjul (Maltese ravioli)

The ravjul (sing. ravjula) is typically filled with ricotta and fresh parsley and covered with a simple garlic and tomato sauce garnished with celery and basil. This is served with freshly-grated Parmesan or Romano cheese. Alternatively spinach or minced meat is used as filling. In Gozo, Ravjul are filled with local Sheep's Cheese (Ġbejniet). Traditionally ravjul portions are sized by the number of individual ravioli, and always counted in dozens and half dozens. Ravjul can also be caramelized and served as a dessert. Lemon dill shrimp ravioli Ravioli is a popular type of pasta, comprised of a filling, commonly (though not always) meat-based, sealed between two layers of pasta dough. ... Ricotta cheese is an Italian cheese made from the whey which results when making cheeses such as mozzarella or provolone. ... Parmesan cheese. ... Romano cheese is a type of cheese that is known for being very hard, salty and sharp. ... Forcemeat is a mixture of ground, raw or cooked meat, poultry, fish, vegetables or fruit mixed with bread crumbs and seasoning. ... Gozo (Maltese: Għawdex) is an island of the Maltese archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea, the island is part of the Southern European country Malta and is the second largest after the island of Malta itself within the archipelago. ... Dozen is another word for the number twelve. ... Vegetables being caramelized Caramelization or caramelisation (see spelling differences) is the oxidation of sugar, a process used extensively in cooking for the resulting nutty flavor and brown color. ...

Ross il-Forn (Maltese baked rice)

Ross il-forn (or Baked Rice) is quite similar to Mqarrun il-Forn (Baked Macaroni), however, it includes curry as an additional ingredient and is placed in the oven uncooked with 2 cups (200ml) of water for every cup of rice.

Tumpana (Maltese pastry-covered baked macaroni)

Baked macaroni filled with a small amount of minced beef and sometimes with hard-boiled eggs. The macaroni is encased in pastry crust. It can be thought of as a sort of macaroni meat pie. Similar to the Italian Timpano. The basic difference between Tumpana and Mqarrun il-Forn is the addition of the pastry cover. Penne, a very common kind of maccheroni in Italy. ... The word Timpano is Italian for eardrum, and is also used to refer in general to the word drum, such as the Timpani. ...

Meat

Braġjoli (beef olives)

A thin slice of beef surrounding breadcrumbs, bacon, eggs and herbs. Particularly tasty when braised in red wine. Also known as beef olives in English.

Fenek (rabbit)

Rabbit is very popular and one of the most well known Maltese dishes. It is served as a traditional dish in restaurants. The rabbit is usually lightly fried, then simmered as a casserole of red wine for several hours. It is usually served with chips or potatoes and salad. It is mostly served in tomato sauce or rich gravy.

Laħam taż-żiemel (stallion meat)

Stallion meat, a common product which is used in various dishes, is usually fried or baked with white wine sauce. Musculature of horse Horse meat is the culinary name for meat cut from a horse. ...

Zalzett tal-Malti (Maltese sausage)

The Maltese sausage is typically made of pork, sea salt, black peppercorns, coriander seeds and parsley. Another version includes garlic. The plain one can usually be dried whereas the one containing garlic is to be consumed fresh. It is short and thick in shape and can be eaten grilled, fried, stewed or even raw. More recently a 'tal-barbikju' (lit. for the barbecuqe) variety has become popular. This variety is essentially the same as the original but with a much reduced salt content, and making use of a thinner sausage skin. As it's name implies, this variety is primarily targeted for cooking over a barbecue.

Fish

Lampuka (Dolphin Fish)

Lampuki are perhaps Malta's favourite fish. Better known outside of Malta as Mahi-mahi, dorado, or dolphin fish, it has fine, white meat with only a few large bones, and is found in abundance in the seas between Malta and Tunisia. It can be lightly pan-fried in olive oil, oven-baked with a tomato, onion, caper and wine sauce, or, made into a fish pie with spinach, cauliflower, capers, sultanas, hard-boiled eggs, herbs, and a shortcrust pastry topping. Lampuki is the Maltese name for the dorado or mahi-mahi, a kind of fish that migrates past the islands of Malta in the Fall. ... Binomial name Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 The Mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus), also known as dolphin fish or dorado, are a species of surface-dwelling fish found in tropical and subtropical waters. ...

Vegetables

Bigilla (Maltese bean dip)

Bigilla is a traditional bean dip. It is made with a type of dried broad beans called ful tal-Ġirba, which are soaked for 24 hours, rinsed, then boiled until they are very soft. The beans are subsequently mashed and mixed with salt, pepper, olive oil, crushed garlic and chopped parsley. Chili is optional. Usually served with galletti (Maltese crackers) or Ħobża tal-Malti drizzled with olive oil. Traditional Maltese snack, made out of beans. ... Binomial name Vicia faba The fava bean, Vicia faba, is also known as the broad bean in the United Kingdom, horse bean or field bean. ... Johann Georg August Galletti (* August 19, 1750 in Altenburg; † March 16, 1828 in Gotha) was an German historian and geographer. ... Maltese cuisine is the result of a long relationship between the Islanders and the many foreigners who made Malta their home over the centuries. ...

Kapunata (Maltese ratatouille)

A Maltese version of Ratatouille made from tomatoes, capers, aubergines and green peppers which goes well with grilled fish, or can be served cold, on its own as a savoury light lunch. Used also on pizza. Can be home-made but can also be found in supermarkets preserved in cans. For the animated film, see Ratatouille (film). ...

Similar to Italian (Sicilian) caponata. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Qargħa Bagħli Mimli (Maltese stuffed marrows)

These are particular delicious stuffed with minced beef, parsley and baked, or made into a creamy soup. It can also be fried. Image:Minced beef USDA.jpg Minced beef in industrial grinder Ground beef, beef mince or hamburger meat, is a meat product, made of beef finely chopped by a meat grinder. ...

Pastry

Imqaret (Date slices)

Date-filled, deep-fried pastries which are served piping hot from take-away stands. Look out for them at City Gate, Valletta. Some restaurants also offer them as desserts on their menu. Take-out, carry-out ( in American English ) or take-away ( in British English ) is food purchased at a restaurant but eaten elsewhere. ... City Gate - Bieb il-Belt as it is known in Maltese is the main entrance to city of Valletta. ...

There also exist date-filled North African sweets with a similar name (makroudh, which is the singular form of the name meaning "rhombus").

The Imqaret was chosen as the Maltese representative for Café Europe during the Austrian Presidency of the European Union in 2006. Café Europe or Café dEurope was a cultural initiative of the Austrian presidency of the European Union, held on Europe Day (9 May 2006) in 27 cafés of the capitals of the 25 EU member states and the two countries scheduled to join the EU in 2007. ...

Kannoli (Cheese or cream filled pastry)

Very similar if not virtually identical to the Italian cannoli. A tube-shaped confectionery of deep-fried crisp pastry stuffed with fresh ricotta and sweetened with pieces of chocolate and candied fruit. Eaten as a treat any time of day, and also offered after dinner. The candied fruit included in this snack, is also often used in a delicious type of colourful nougat. Cannoli are Sicilian pastry desserts. ... Ricotta cheese is an Italian cheese made from the whey which results when making cheeses such as mozzarella or provolone. ... Nougat is a term used to describe a variety of similar confectioneries made with sugar or honey, roasted nuts (almonds, walnuts, pistachios or hazelnuts are common, but not peanuts) and sometimes chopped candied fruit. ...

Also found as "Kannoli tal-Krema" where fresh whipped cream replaces the ricotta. This has also given rise to the expression "Kannol bla Krema" (a Kannol without cream, therefore and a hollow shell). This is used pejoratively of a person to indicate they are worthless, most specifically in politics with reference to campaign activists below the age of 18, therefore not eligible to vote under Maltese electoral law.

Pastizzi (ricotta or pea filled pasties)

A popular snack for all Islanders, found at pastizzerias and most bars, pizzerias, and some restaurants and bakeries. Pastizzi are small, diamond-shaped packets of flaky pastry stuffed with either fresh ricotta or a mushy pea mixture. Sometimes they are slightly spicy and made from shortcrust pastry. They have been likened to the Indian Samosas, just with a more neutral filling. Puff pastry variants are served at most restaurants, though tasting totally different. Wikibooks Cookbook has an article on Puff pastry Apple turnover, made with puff pastry In baking, a puff pastry (French: pâte feuilletée; Spanish: hojaldre) is a light, flaky pastry made from dough of the same name. ...

Qassatat (ricotta or pea filled pasties)

Considered a "cleaner" alternative to pastizzi, these are made of light pastry traditionally filled with ricotta, peas, or spinach. Alternative fillings are increasingly becoming popular. Usually spanning the palm of a hand, smaller servings are used as finger food at functions. Ricotta cheese is an Italian cheese made from the whey which results when making cheeses such as mozzarella or provolone. ... Finger food is food eaten with the hands, in contrast to food eaten with a knife and fork, chopsticks, or other utensils. ...

Cheese

Ġbejniet (gozo cheeselets)

These are small, round cheeses, made from sheep's milk, often served as part of a light lunch, or as part of a hearty dinner. These cheeselets come in three varieties, fresh, sun dried (moxxi) or peppered (tal-bzar). The Fresh variety have a smooth texture and a subtle, often creamy flavour. There are usually kept in water in a similar manner to fresh Mozzarella. The sundried variant sports a more definite, almost musky, taste, and are hard, but can keep for a long time without refrigeration. The peppered variety are dried in crushed black pepper, sometimes with the addition of dark vinegar. They can vary from a spiky taste to hot depending on the kind of pepper and amount used and the time for which they are left to 'cure'. The dried varieties are traditionally served with Galletti (a local type of cracker biscuit) and a glass of robust red wine. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A Cheez-It cracker. ...

Ġbejniet are often referred to as a goat cheese, although these are actually made up from sheep milk. Sometimes the sheep's milk is mixed, or even entirely substituted, with goat milk to reduce cost. In the 19th Century this practice led to an Undulant Fever (also referred to as the Maltese Fever) epidemic in the Maltese islands. By the 1990s, thanks to a strict regime of certification of milk animals and widespread use of pasturisation the illness had been completely eliminated from the islands. Ġbejniet are not only completely safe to eat, but a rightful delicacy. A glass of cows milk A goat kid feeding on its mothers milk Milk is the nutrient fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammals (including monotremes). ... Brucellosis (Undulant fever or Malta fever) is an infectious disease caused by the Brucella bacteria, which induces inconstant fevers, sweating, weakness, anorexia, headaches, depression and muscular and bodily pain. ...

The widespread belief that Ġbejniet made from pasturised milk are less tasty than those made from unpasturised milk has never been corroborated by scientific evidence. Still, mass produced Ġbejniet, made exclusively from pasturised milk, tend to be less tasty than those produced by the cottage industry that makes use of certified but unpasturised milk.^[2]

Bread

Ħobża tal-Malti (Maltese bread)

A very crusty sourdough bread loaf with a deliciously soft inside which is the mainstay of a meal. It is a snack in itself served with simple local produce like fresh tomatoes or kunserva (tomato paste), and ġbejniet. This type of bread proves extremely popular: most households have a loaf delivered daily including Sundays, while tourists specifically request it wherever they eat. A less crusty and more compact variant is used for bruschetta. It is best eaten fresh but cooled off, as it loses most of its taste and crunchiness within a day. Some prefer it straight from the oven. Sourdough starter made with flour and water refreshed for 3 or more days Sourdough (or, more formally, natural leaven or levain) refers to the process of leavening bread by capturing wild yeasts in a dough or batter, as opposed to using a domestic, purpose-cultured yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ... Tomato paste is a thick paste made from ripened tomatos with skin and seeds removed. ... Bruschetta made with tomatoes Bruschetta with olive oil and ham   is a food originating in central Italy. ...

Ħobz biz-Zejt (Maltese bruschetta)

This variation on the Italian bruschetta consists of a slice of crusty Maltese bread dipped in olive oil, rubbed with tomatoes and filled with a mix of tuna, tomatoes, onion, olives, capers and garlic. It is eaten as a starter or side dish, or on its own as a healthy snack. Bruschetta made with tomatoes Bruschetta with olive oil and ham   is a food originating in central Italy. ...

Sweets

Figolla (Maltese Easter sweet)

A typical heart-shaped figolla.

This dish is an Easter-time favourite. It is a book-sized golden, icing-coated biscuit stuffed with a mixture of sweet ground almonds (called intrita). Found in various shapes. The most traditional shapes are that of a lamb and that of a fish (due to its connotations with religion). Other common shapes are Hearts, Ducks and Sirenes, and more recently Cars, Rabbits (Easter Bunny) and many more shapes that might appeal to children. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about the Christian festival. ... This article is about the holiday figure. ...

Here is a good traditional figolli recipe

Ħelwa tat-Tork (Turk's sweet)

This is a local variation of Halva most similar to the Greek or Turkish varieties (hence the name) Usually containing ground almonds and often also containing chocolate. The word halva (alternatively halwa, halvah, halava, helva, halawa etc. ...

Kwarezimal (Maltese Lent sweets)

Kwarezimal is a biscuit that is consumed during the Lenten period. This is often home made or purchased from a caterer during Lent. For other uses, see Lent (disambiguation). ...

Here is a good Kwarezimal Recipe

Pudina ta' l-Ħobż (Bread pudding)

Sweet made from stale bread which is soaked in water overnight to re-moisten it, ad then mixed together with milk, cocoa, sugar, dried fruit and nuts. Sometimes liqueurs such as anisette or sherry are added. Commonly eaten all year round as a great way of using up leftover bread which has gone stale. Dried fruit is fruit that has been dried, either naturally or through use of a machine, such as a dehydrator. ...

Qagħaq ta' l-Għasel (Maltese honey ring)

Qagħaq ta' l-Għasel from Toronto's Malta Village

Honey or treacle rings made from a light pastry. They are often served in small pieces as an after-dinner accompaniment to coffee. Originally a Christmas delicacy but you’ll find them in most confectioneries all year round.

Snacks

Twistees

Twistees are a popular Maltese baked crisp savoury snack. They are produced in Malta and are made from rice and maize grits. ^[3] For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... This article is about the maize plant. ...

Although the most popular flavour is by far "Cheesy" flavour, they are also available in chicken flavour and bacon flavour (under the name of "Tastees").

In September 2007 the manufacturers launched Twistees Lite, the new "Low Fat - Low Salt" version of Twistees.^[4] September 2007 is the ninth month of that year. ...

Due to their popularity among British tourists who travel to Malta, Twistees were launched into the UK market in January 2008 (under the name of "Tastees [1]'", possibly due to the exact similarity with the Australian product [Twisties]]).^[5] The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the G8, the European Union, and NATO. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, the UK, or (inaccurately) as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent... January 2008 was the first month of the current year. ...

Beverages

Soft Drinks

Kinnie

A can and glass of Kinnie.

Kinnie is a non-alcoholic, bitter-tasting drink that is made from bitter oranges and aromatic herbs, and is caramel in colour. The citrus flavour is similar to other chinotto flavoured drinks common in Italy. Since 1984, a diet version (Diet Kinnie) has been available. In 1975, Kinnie was selected beverage of the year by the French organization Comité International d'Action Gastronomique et Touristique. Kinnie was developed in 1952 by Simonds Farsons Cisk PLC on the island of Malta. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Binomial name Citrus aurantium L. The bitter orange, refers to a citrus tree (Citrus aurantium) and its fruit. ... Caramel coloring is caramel used as a food coloring; like caramel candy, it is made by controlled heating of sugar, generally in the presence of acids or alkalis and possibly other compounds, a process called caramelization. ... For other uses, see Citrus (disambiguation). ... A Chinotto tree Chinotto fruit The   (pronounced [], roughly key-NAWT-toe) is a small bitter citrus fruit from the chinotto, or myrtle-leaved orange tree (). The tree grows to a height of 3m and can be found in Liguria, Tuscany, Sicily and Calabria regions of Italy. ... This article is about the year. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Krest

Krest is a similar soft drink to Kinnie manufactured by the Coca Cola Company. It was introduced in 1997 in regular and diet versions. Krest is a soft drink manufactured by the Coca Cola Company, local to the island of Malta. ... The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE: KO) is the largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world. ...

External links

• Maltese recipes

References

Wikibooks' Cookbook has more about this subject:

Cuisine_of_Malta