Mammillaria
A cactus of genus Mammillaria in flower
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Cactaceae Subfamily: Cactoideae Tribe: Cacteae Genus: Mammillaria Haw.
Species
171 known species: see Species list. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 1293 KB) from the series: our house pic taken by me april 17, 2004. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta—liverworts Anthocerotophyta—hornworts Bryophyta—mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta—rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta—zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta—clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta—trimerophytes Pteridophyta—ferns and horsetails Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta—seed ferns Pinophyta—conifers Cycadophyta—cycads Ginkgophyta—ginkgo Gnetophyta—gnetae Magnoliophyta—flowering plants... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are the dominant and most familiar group of land plants. ... Orders See text. ... Families Achatocarpaceae Aizoaceae (Fig-marigold family) Amaranthaceae (amaranth family) Ancistrocladaceae Asteropeiaceae Barbeuiaceae Basellaceae (basella family) Cactaceae (cactus family) Caryophyllaceae (carnation family) Dioncophyllaceae Droseraceae (sundew family) Drosophyllaceae Frankeniaceae Molluginaceae (carpetweed family) Nepenthaceae Nyctaginaceae (four-oclock family) Physenaceae Phytolaccaceae (pokeweed family) Plumbaginaceae (plumbago family) Polygonaceae (buckwheat family) Portulacaceae (purslane family) Rhabdodendraceae... Genera See Taxonomy of the Cactaceae A cactus (plural cacti, cactuses or cactus) is any member of the succulent plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas. ... Genera See Taxonomy of the Cactaceae A cactus (plural, cacti or cactuses) is a type of (usually) succulent plant belonging to the dicotyledonous flowering plant family, Cactaceae. ... Cacteae is a tribe of plants belonging to the family Cactaceae. ... Adrian Hardy Haworth (1767 _ 1833) was an English entomologist and botanist. ... In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... Species 171 known species: see Species list. ...

The genus Mammillaria is one of the largest in the cactus family Cactaceae, with currently 171 known species and varieties recognized^{[citation needed]}. The first was described by Carolus Linnaeus as Cactus mammillaris in 1753, deriving name from Latin mammilla = nipple, referring to the tubercules that are one of the plant's specific features. In 1812, the cactus specialist Adrian Haworth described the genus Mammillaria to contain this and related species. For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Genera See Taxonomy of the Cactaceae A cactus (plural cacti, cactuses or cactus) is any member of the succulent plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas. ... In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... In botanical nomenclature, variety is a rank below that of species: As such, it gets a ternary name (a name in three parts). ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Typical human female nipple and areola. ... Adrian Hardy Haworth (1767 _ 1833) was an English entomologist and botanist. ...

The distinctive feature of the genus is the specific development of an areole, that is split into two clearly separated parts, one occurring at the tubercule's apex, the other at its base. The apex part is spine bearing, and the base part is always spineless, but usually bearing some bristles or wool. The base part of the areole bears the flowers and fruits, and is a branching point. The apex part of the areole does not carry flowers, but in certain conditions can function as a branching point as well. Areoles are the distinctive feature of cacti, and identify them as a separate family from other succulent plants. ... A Phalaenopsis flower Rudbeckia fulgida A flower, (<Old French flo(u)r<Latin florem<flos), also known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms). ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ...

The plants are usually small, globose to elongated, the stems from 1 cm to 20 cm in diameter and from 1 cm to 40 cm tall, clearly tuberculate, solitary to clumping forming mounds of up to 100 heads and posses radial symmetry. Tubercules can be conical, cylindrical, pyramidal or round. The roots are fibrous, fleshy or tuberous. The flowers are funnel-shaped and range from 7 mm to 40 mm and more in length and in diameter, from white and greenish to yellow, pink and red in color, often with a darker mid-stripe. The fruit is berry-like, club-shaped or elongated, usually red but sometimes white, yellow or green. Some species have the fruit embedded into the plant body. The seeds are black or brown, from 1 to 3 mm in size. In biology, radial symmetry is a property of some multicellular organisms. ... Primary and secondary roots in a cotton plant In vascular plants, the root is that organ of a plant body that typically lies below the surface of the soil (compare with stem). ... A Phalaenopsis flower Rudbeckia fulgida A flower, (<Old French flo(u)r<Latin florem<flos), also known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms). ... A typical kitchen funnel. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... This writeup is about biological seeds; for other meanings see Seed (disambiguation). ...

Mammillarias have extremely variable spination from species to species, and attractive flowers, making them specifically attractive for cactus hobbyists. Mammillaria plants are considered easy in cultivation, though some species are among the hardest cacti to grow.

Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, but some come from the southwest USA, the Caribbean, Colombia, Venezuela, Guatemala and Honduras. “West Indian” redirects here. ...

Classification

The large and diverse genus Mammillaria has seen multiple attempts to subdivide the species in it into smaller groups within the genus or attempts to split it to multiple genera for better understanding of the plants relationship. Early classifications were performed by Pfeiffer (1837), Salm-Dick (1845) and Engelmann (1856). The genus Mammillaria included members of some modern genera like Coryphanta and Ariocarpus at that time. Classifications by Schumann (1898), Britton and Rose (1923), Berger (1929), Buxbaum (1951-56) and Moran (1953) followed, splitting the genus in parts and combining it back together again. For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Species Ariocarpus agavoides Ariocarpus bravoanus Ariocarpus fissuratus Ariocarpus retusus etc. ...

Later classification was performed by the cactus specialists Hunt, Reppenhagen and Luthy^{[citation needed]}, with a lot of work focusing on searching the meanings and value of the original plant descriptions, synchronizing them with modern taxonomic requirements and studying the morphology of plants and seeds, as well as ecological aspects of the genus. These works helped to expand the understanding of Mammillaria taxa. Look up taxonomy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Currently the classification of Mammillaria is in a state where few newly discovered species are likely, though some new species may yet be found when the chaos of names created earlier by commercial plant collectors is sorted out. Many names that were introduced for plants barely differentiated by a shade of flower color or variation in spination were eliminated in attempt to make the use of names consistent with the rest of the botanical world. The number of taxa, at one time way over 500, is now is below 200. Some genera (Dolichothele, Mammillopsis, Krainzia and others) have been merged back into Mammillaria, and others like Coryphantha and Escobaria were confirmed as separate. Species about 23, see text Escobaria is a genus of low-growing cacti that range from the southernmost parts of central and western Canada through northern Mexico, with one species in Cuba. ...

Intense DNA studies of the genus are being conducted, with preliminary results published for over a hundred taxa, and this promising approach might soon end the arguments. Based on DNA results, the genus does not seem to be monophylic and is likely to be split into two large genera, one of them possibly including certain species of other closely related genera like Coryphantha, Ortegocactus and Neolloydia. Species Coryphantha compacta Coryphantha difficilis Coryphantha nickelsiae Coryphantha radians Coryphantha robustispina Coryphantha salinensis Coryphantha vivipara Coryphantha (from Greek, flowering on the top) is a genus of small to middle-sized, globous to short-columnar cacti. ... Synonyms Binomial name Obregonia denegrii Alexander Ortegocactus macdougallii is a species of cactus and the sole species of the genus Ortegocactus . ... Species Neolloydia conoidea Neolloydia conoidea var. ...

Synonymy

Mammillaria magnimamma in flower.

Mammillariae. Mammillaria celsiana in the middle.

Mammillaria tetrancisra with fruit.

Mammillaria luethyi detail.

The following genera have been brought to synonymy with Mammillaria: Image File history File links Download high resolution version (864x684, 90 KB) Mammilaria gigantea - flowering Description Photograph of a flowering . ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (864x684, 90 KB) Mammilaria gigantea - flowering Description Photograph of a flowering . ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 385 KB) Name Mammillaria celsiana Family Cactaceae Mammillaria celsiana Source: Metju12 - 04/2005 - FujiFinePix 2600Z File links The following pages link to this file: Mammillaria ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 385 KB) Name Mammillaria celsiana Family Cactaceae Mammillaria celsiana Source: Metju12 - 04/2005 - FujiFinePix 2600Z File links The following pages link to this file: Mammillaria ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1116x1452, 372 KB)Cactus Mammillaria tetrancistra with fruits, growing close to Arizona - Nevada border. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1116x1452, 372 KB)Cactus Mammillaria tetrancistra with fruits, growing close to Arizona - Nevada border. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... In scientific classification, synonymy is the existence of multiple systematic names to label the same organism. ...

• Bartschella Britton & Rose
• Cactus L.
• Chilita Orcutt
• Cochemiea (K.Brandegee) Walton
• Dolichothele (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose
• Ebnerella Buxb.
• Haagea Fric
• Krainzia Backeb.
• Lactomammillaria Fric (nom. inval.)
• Leptocladia Buxb.
• Leptocladodia Buxb.
• Mamillaria F.Rchb. (orth. var.)
• Mamillopsis (E.Morren) F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose
• Mammariella Shafer (nom. inval.)
• Mammilaria Torr. & A.Gray (orth. var.)
• Neomammillaria Britton & Rose
• Oehmea Buxb.
• Phellosperma Britton & Rose
• Porfiria Boed.
• Pseudomammillaria Buxb.
• Solisia Britton & Rose

Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Orcutt is an unincorporated suburb of Santa Maria, California, and a census-designated place; it is in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. ... There are many people and places named Walton: Places In New Zealand: Walton, North Island In the United Kingdom: Walton, Buckinghamshire Walton, Cheshire Walton, Cumbria Walton, Derbyshire Walton-upon-Trent, Derbyshire Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex Walton, Leicestershire Walton, Merseyside Walton, Milton Keynes Walton, Peterborough Walton, Powys Walton, Somerset Walton... Karl Moritz Schumann (1851–1904) was a German botanist. ... Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ... Franz Buxbaum (1900–1979) was an Austrian botanist, specialising in cacti. ... Alberto Vojtech Frič was a botanist who discovered and catalogued many synonymy of the genus Opuntia Credited Airampoa Chaffeyopuntia Pseudotephrocactus Salmiopuntia Subulatopuntia Weberiopuntia Category: ... Curt Backeberg (1894-1966) was a German horticulturist especially known for the collection and classification of cacti. ... Alberto Vojtech Frič was a botanist who discovered and catalogued many synonymy of the genus Opuntia Credited Airampoa Chaffeyopuntia Pseudotephrocactus Salmiopuntia Subulatopuntia Weberiopuntia Category: ... Franz Buxbaum (1900–1979) was an Austrian botanist, specialising in cacti. ... Franz Buxbaum (1900–1979) was an Austrian botanist, specialising in cacti. ... Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ... Schäfer is German language for [[shepherd]. It is also a common name, alternatively spelled Schaefer (or anglicised to Shafer). ... John Torrey (August 15, 1796 - March 10, 1873) was an American botanist. ... Asa Gray, Botanist Asa Gray (November 18, 1810 - January 30, 1888) is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century. ... Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ... Franz Buxbaum (1900–1979) was an Austrian botanist, specialising in cacti. ... Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ... Franz Buxbaum (1900–1979) was an Austrian botanist, specialising in cacti. ... Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859 - 1934) was a US botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in Bronx, New York. ... Joseph Nelson Rose ( January 11, 1862 - May 4, 1928 ) was a American botanist. ...

Species List

171 species known, including:

• Mammillaria albicoma
• Mammillaria albilanata
• Mammillaria angelensis
• Mammillaria backegergiana
• Mammillaria barbata (Green Fishhook Cactus)
• Mammillaria blossfeldiana
• Mammillaria bocasana (Snowball Cactus)
• Mammillaria bocasana f. multilanata (Powder-puff Pincushion)
• Mammillaria bocasana subsp. eschauzieri (Eschauzier's Pincushion)
• Mammillaria bombycina (Silken Pincushion)
• Mammillaria boolii
• Mammillaria carmenae
• Mammillaria candida
• Mammillaria celsiana
• Mammillaria columbiana
• Mammillaria compressa (Mother of Hundreds)
• Mammillaria crinita (Rose Pincushion Cactus)
• Mammillaria crucigera
• Mammillaria decipiens
• Mammillaria dioica (Strawberry Cactus)
• Mammillaria discolor
• Mammillaria dixanthocentron
• Mammillaria elongata (Ladyfinger Cactus)
• Mammillaria fraileana
• Mammillaria geminispina (Twin-Spined Cactus)
• Mammillaria geminispina f. cristate (Crested Twin-Spined Cactus)
• Mammillaria glassii
• Mammillaria glochidiata
• Mammillaria grahamii (Arizona Fishhook Cactus)
• Mammillaria grahamii var. oliviae Pitahayita
• Mammillaria grusonii
• Mammillaria guelzowiana
• Mammillaria guerreronis
• Mammillaria haageana
• Mammillaria hahniana (Old Lady Cactus)
• Mammillaria hernandezii
• Mammillaria herrerae
• Mammillaria heyderi (Ball Cactus)
• Mammillaria huitzilopochtli
• Mammillaria humboldtii
• Mammillaria johnstonii
• Mammillaria karwinskiana (Royal Cross Mammillaria)
• Mammillaria klissingiana
• Mammillaria krameri
• Mammillaria lasiacantha (Golf-ball Pincushion Cactus)
• Mammillaria lauii
• Mammillaria lenta
• Mammillaria longiflora
• Mammillaria longimamma (Finger Cactus)
• Mammillaria longimamma var. sphaerica (Longmamma Nipple Cactus)
• Mammillaria magnifica
• Mammillaria magnihahha
• Mammillaria mainiae (Counterclockwise Pincushion)
• Mammillaria magnimamma (Mexican Pincushion)
• Mammillaria marksiana (Cabeza de Viejo)
• Mammillaria matudae
• Mammillaria melaleuca
• Mammillaria melanocentra
• Mammillaria mercadensis
• Mammillaria microhelia
• Mammillaria muehlenpfordtii
• Mammillaria multidigitata
• Mammillaria mystax
• Mammillaria nivosa (Woolly Nipple Cactus)
• Mammillaria nunezii
• Mammillaria parkinsonii (Owl's Eyes)
• Mammillaria pectinifera (Conchilinque)
• Mammillaria perbella
• Mammillaria perezdelarosae
• Mammillaria petrophila
• Mammillaria petterssonii
• Mammillaria plumosa (Feather Cactus)
• Mammillaria polythele
• Mammillaria pottsii (Rattail Cactus)
• Mammillaria prolifera (Texas Nipple Cactus)
• Mammillaria rekoi
• Mammillaria rhodantha (Rainbow Cushion)
• Mammillaria saboae
• Mammillaria sanchez-mejoradae
• Mammillaria sartorii
• Mammillaria schiedeana
• Mammillaria schumannii
• Mammillaria sempervivi
• Mammillaria sheldonii (Sheldon's Pincushion)
• Mammillaria sonorensis
• Mammillaria spinosissima (Red Headed Irishman)
• Mammillaria spinosissima subsp. pilcayensis Bristle Brush Cactus
• Mammillaria standleyi
• Mammillaria supertexta
• Mammillaria surculosa
• Mammillaria tetrancistra (California Pincushion)
• Mammillaria theresae
• Mammillaria thornberi (Clustered Fish-Hook Pincushion)
• Mammillaria uncinata
• Mammillaria vetula
• Mammillaria voburnensis
• Mammillaria winterae
• Mammillaria wrightii (Brown Pincushion)
• Mammillaria wrightii subsp. wilcoxii (Wilcox's Nipple Cactus)

Binomial name (Scheidw. ... Binomial name Mammillaria dioica, the strawberry cactus, California fishhook cactus or fishhook cactus, is a cactus species of the genus Mammillaria found in California and northwestern Mexico, including Baja California and the state of Sonora. ...

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Mammillaria

The species list is reproduced from cactiguide.com, which is sourced in turn from several books which are listed on that site. The principal book listed there is The Cactus Family by Edward F. Anderson. Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

External links

The important up-to-date internet resource is mammillarias.net, with complete species and varieties description, distribution maps and a large selection of photographs of all Mammillaria.. species both in nature and cultivated.

• Butterworth, Charles A. and Robert S. Wallace. 2004. Phylogenetic studies of Mammillaria (Cactaceae)—insights from chloroplast sequence variation and hypothesis testing using the parametric bootstrap. American Journal of Botany 91: 1086-1098.