In Microsoft Windows terminology, managed code is computer instructions — that is, "code" — executed by a CLI-compliant virtual machine, such as Microsoft's .NET Framework Common Language Runtime, or other CLI implementations from The Mono Project or the DotGNU Project. Microsoft Windows is a family of operating systems by Microsoft. ... A system of codes directly understandable by a computers CPU is termed this CPUs native or machine language. ... Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification developed by Microsoft that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft . ... In general terms, a virtual machine in computer science is software that creates a virtualized environment between the computer platform and the end user in which the end user can operate software. ... Visual overview of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) is an open specification developed by Microsoft that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft . ... Mono is a project led by Novell (formerly by Ximian) to create an ECMA standard compliant . ... The current version of the article or section reads like an advertisement. ...

Execution of managed code

Programs for a managed code environment are normally written in a human-oriented programming language, typically C# or Visual Basic .NET. A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Visual Basic . ...

Before the code is run, the Intermediate Language is compiled into native machine code. Since this compilation happens by the managed execution environment's own runtime-aware compiler, the managed execution environment can guarantee what the code is going to do. It can insert garbage collection hooks, exception handling, type safety, array bounds, index checking, etc. Machine code or machine language is a system of instructions and data directly understandable by a computers central processing unit. ... A diagram of the operation of a typical multi-language, multi-target compiler. ... In computer science, garbage collection (also known as GC) is a form of automatic memory management. ... Exception handling is a programming language construct or computer hardware mechanism designed to handle the occurrence of some condition that changes the normal flow of execution. ... In computer science, a programming language is type safe when the language does not permit the programmer to treat a value as a type to which it does not belong. ... In computer programming, a group of homogeneous elements of a specific data type is known as an array, one of the simplest data structures. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Bounds checking. ...

This is traditionally referred to as Just-in-time compilation. However, unlike most traditional just-in-time compilers, the file that holds the pseudo machine code that the virtual machine compiles into native machine code can also contain pre-compiled binaries for different native machines (such as x86 and PowerPC). This is similar in concept to the Apple Universal binary format. In computing, just-in-time compilation (JIT), also known as dynamic translation, is a technique for improving the performance of bytecode-compiled programming systems, by translating bytecode into native machine code at runtime. ... Machine code or machine language is a system of instructions and data directly understandable by a computers central processing unit. ... x86 or 80x86 is the generic name of a microprocessor architecture first developed and manufactured by Intel. ... IBM PowerPC 601 Microprocessor PowerPC is a RISC microprocessor architecture created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–Motorola alliance, known as AIM. Originally intended for personal computers, PowerPC CPUs have since become popular embedded and high-performance processors as well. ... Apple Computer, Inc. ... Universal Binary Logo A Universal binary is — in Apple Computers parlance — an application bundle that runs natively on both PowerPC- and x86 (Intel)-based Macintosh computers. ...

Managed and unmanaged

In a Microsoft Windows environment, all other code has come to be known as unmanaged code. In non-Windows and mixed environments, managed code is sometimes used more generally to refer to any interpreted programming language. Microsoft Windows is a family of operating systems by Microsoft. ... Microsoft Windows is a family of operating systems by Microsoft. ... An interpreter is a computer program that executes other programs. ... A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer. ...

Managed refers to a method of exchanging information between the program and the runtime environment. It is specified that at any point of execution, the runtime may stop an executing CPU and retrieve information specific to the current CPU instruction address. Information that must be accessible generally pertains to runtime state, such as processor register or stack memory contents. In computer science, run time (with a space, though often its spelled without one) describes the operation of a computer program, the duration of its execution, from beginning to termination (compare compile time). ... CPU redirects here. ... In computer science, an instruction typically refers to a single operation of a processor within a computer architecture. ... In computer architecture, a processor register is a small amount of very fast computer memory used to speed the execution of computer programs by providing quick access to commonly used values—typically, the values being in the midst of a calculation at a given point in time. ... In computer science, a call stack is a special stack which stores information about the active subroutines of a computer program. ...

The necessary information is then encoded in Common Intermediate Language (formerly known as Microsoft Intermediate Language) and associated metadata. It has been suggested that Microsoft Intermediate Language be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Common Intermediate Language. ... Metadata (Greek meta after and Latin data information) are data that describe other data. ...

External links

• Brad Abrams of Microsoft defines managed code