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Encyclopedia > Manager (football)
A coach (right) coaching a fencer (left) on strategy during a timeout
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A coach (right) coaching a fencer (left) on strategy during a timeout

In sports, a coach or manager is an individual involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of an athletic team or of individual athletes. Coaching entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game or contest itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. Most coaches are former participants in the sports in which they are involved, and those who are not have usually had extensive training in the sport in question. In the broadest possible sense, fencing is the art and science of armed combat involving cutting, stabbing, or bludgeoning weapons directly manipulated by hand, rather than shot or thrown (in other words, swords, knives, pikes, bayonets, batons, clubs, and so on). ... In sports having fixed periods of play, a limited number of time-outs may be called by a side to formulate strategy or respond to an players injury. ... // History Main article: History of sport The development of sports throughout history teaches us a great deal about social changes, and about the nature of sport itself. ... Look up Athlete in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... A strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal, as differentiated from tactics or immediate actions with resources at hand. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... A contest is an event involving a competition at least two opposing individuals or teams, to be awarded a prize to the champion. ... A player can be any of the following: A player is a participant in a game. ... Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful skills. ...


The term "coach" is sometimes equivalent in U.S. usage to the term "manager" in other English-speaking countries in reference to the director of a sporting team, particularly with regard to Association Football. Additionally, the director of the operation of a team in baseball, a sport far more popular in the U.S. than in any other English-speaking country, is also properly referred to as a "manager", particularly in the context of a team of adults, as opposed to youths. Management (from Old French ménagement the art of conducting, directing, from Latin manu agere to lead by the hand) characterises the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business, through the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material, intellectual or intangible). ... The striker (wearing red jersey) has run past the defender (in white jersey) and is about to take a shot at the goal, while the goalkeeper positions himself to stop the ball. ... BASEBALL SUCKS!!! A view of the playing field at Busch Stadium II St. ... In baseball, the head coach of a team is called the manager (or more formally, the field manager); this individual controls matters of team strategy on the field and team leadership. ... The term adult describes any mature organism, but normally it refers to a human: one that is no longer a child / minor and is now either a man or a woman. ... Popular use of the word youth refers to a person who is neither an adult nor a child, but somewhere in between, scientifically referred to as an adolescent and, in the United States, commonly referred to as a teen or teenager. ...


A coach, particularly in a major operation, is traditionally aided in his efforts by one or more assistants known as the coaching staff. The coach's leadership is often cited, rightly or wrongly, as one of the prime or even the prime ingredient in successful efforts by the athletes under his or her direction, as indicated by the "Coach of the Year" award traditionally presented by all major U.S. sports. Many times, in major team sports the principal coach (usually referred to as the head coach) has little to do with the development of details such as techniques of play or placement of players on the playing surface, leaving this to assistants while concentrating on larger issues. The head coach in sports coaching is the coach who is in charge of the other coaches. ...

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Responsibilities

In some professional sports operations the head coach also serves as general manager, the team executive responsible for acquiring the rights to players and negotiating their contracts, generally in recent years with their agents, and for trading or dismissing players, but these roles have been increasingly likely to be seen as separate functions fulfilled by separate persons in more recent years, although many coach/general managers still exist. The term general manager is a title used by an executive in a business operation, although the duties of the position vary according to the context. ... A sports agent is a person who procures and negotiates employment and endorsement deals for an athlete. ...


Many coaches, usually those of school-sponsored sports teams, also bear the responsibility of teaching the skills, rules and tactics involved in a particuliar sport to its players. This can be accomplished individually, by team, by division (ex. Defensive Coaching, Offensive Coaching, etc.) or by position (ex. receiver coach, quarterback coach, etc.) where applicable. Under this system in which duties are divided, there is necessarily a head coach who oversees all other coaches as a supervisor. Students in Rome, Italy. ... A sport consists of a normal physical activity or skill carried out under a publicly agreed set of rules, and with a recreational purpose: for competition, for self-enjoyment, to attain excellence, for the development of skill, or some combination of these. ... A skill is an ability, usually learned, to perform actions. ... In sport, defense (AmE) and defence (CwE) is the action of preventing an opponent from scoring. ... In law, an offense is a violation of the penal law. ... The wide receiver (WR) position in American and Canadian football is the pass-catching specialist. ... NFL quarterback Peyton Manning. ... This article is about the Atlas Supervisor computer program. ...


Successful coaches often become as well or even better-known than the athletes they coach, and in recent years have come to command high salaries and have agents of their own to negotiate their contracts with the teams. Often the head coach of a well-known team has his or her own radio and television programs and becomes the primary "face" associated with the team.


Coaching methods

Coaching techniques and philosophies are often taught by prominent coaches to youth and high school coaches at events referred to as "coaching clinics" where literature supports the increase of specific, positive feed back in order to achieve optimal effects of coaching. Coaching philosophies are passed along from one generation of coaches to another through these events, and of course the tendency of assistant coaches serving under a successful head coach being the most likely to be given an opportunity to become head coaches in their own right. All major collegiate sports have associations for their coaches to engage in professional development activities, but professional coaches tend to have less formal associations, and have never developed into a group resembling a union in the way that athletic players in many leagues have. Most coaching contracts allow the termination of the coach with little notice and without specific cause, usually in the case of high-profile coaches with the payment of a financial settlement. U.S. collegiate coaching contracts require termination without the payment of a settlement if the coach is found to be in serious violation of named rules, usually with regard to the recruiting or retention of players in violation of amateur status. Coaching is a very fickle profession, and a reversal of the team's fortune often finds last year's "Coach of the Year" to be seeking employment in the next. A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers... The word amateur has at least two connotations. ...


Many coaches are former players of the sport themselves, and coaches of professional sports teams are sometimes retired players.


Other uses

The term "coach" has been expanded greatly in American English usage, especially in recent years, to include such non-sports-related concepts as "personal coaches", "sales coaches", "life coaches", "investment coaches" and the like; see the article on coaching for more information. English language spread in the United States. ... Life coaching is coaching to improve someones personal or professional life. ... A coach is a person who supports and directs another person via encouragement and asking questions. ...


See also

In the baseball game, the coach is a member of the team at bat stationed near first or third base to signal and direct the runners and batters. ... Coach in ice hockey refers to a head coach or an assistant coach given responsibility of organizing player offence and defence. ...

External links

  • Coaching Certification.
  • National Standards for Athletic Coaches.
  • Managers
  • Varsity Coaches - Directory of Sports Instructors

  Results from FactBites:
 
Football Manager - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1377 words)
Football Manager 3 was poorly received, seen by many as an attempt to cash-in on the previous successes with a sub-standard game, and as a result the series came to an end.
Football Manager 2005 was released in the UK on 4 November 2004 - closely followed by releases in many other countries around the world - and it became the 5th fastest selling PC game of all time (according to Eurogamer).
Football Manager 2006 for PC and Mac was released in the UK on 21 October 2005 (2 weeks earlier than the originally stated November 4th release).
Football Manager 2006 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (607 words)
Football Manager 2006 is the current version of the Football Manager series of football management simulation games.
It is available for PC, Mac platforms, and was released in the UK on October 21, 2005 (2 weeks earlier than the originally stated November 4th release).
As was the case with Football Manager 2005, the developers were again unable to include certain data in the game due to licensing and/or copyright issues.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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