Like the Mongols, the Manchus were simply called by given name but they had their own clan names (hala in Manchu). Hala consisted of several mukūn, the unit of exogamy. Unlike hala, mukūn did not have corresponding names.
The Comprehensive Book of the Eight Manchurian Banners' Surname-Clans (八旗滿洲氏族通譜 Baqi Manzhou Zhizu Tongpu), compiled in the middle 18th century, records many Manchu clan names. Among more than a thousand names, about 600 names are the Manchus'.
Gioro, one of major names, is the only name that has various suffix such as Ayan, Ilgen and Sirin, possibly to distinguish from the imperial family name Aisin-Gioro.
Like the Mongols, the Manchus were simply called by given name but they had their own clannames (hala in Manchu).
Among more than a thousand names, about 600 names are the Manchus'.
Gioro, one of major names, is the only name that has various suffix such as Ayan, Ilgen and Sirin, possibly to distinguish from the imperial familyname Aisin-Gioro.
reign titles (Wade-Giles romanization) T'ien-ts'ung and Ch'ung-te Manchurian tribal leader who, in 1636, became emperor of the Manchus, Mongols, and Chinese in Manchuria and, for his family, adopted the name of Ch'ing.
Manchurian tribal leader who, in 1636, became emperor of the Manchus, Mongols, and Chinese in Manchuria and, for his family, adopted the name of Ch'ing.
The Manchu, who ruled China from 1644 to 1911, were descendants of the Juchen tribes who had ruled North China as the Chin dynasty in the 12th century.
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