Manganese(II) chloride (MnCl₂) is a pink salt derived from the elments manganese and chlorine. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral scacchite. Most commonly, the term "manganese(II) chloride" refers to the tetrahydrate trans-Mn(H₂O)₄Cl₂. Mn(H₂O)₂Cl₂ is also known. All such Mn(II) species are characteristically pink, the paleness of the color being attributed to high spin d⁵ configuration of octahedral Mn(II). Manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate This image has been released into the public domain by its creator and original copyright holder. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... It has been suggested that Solid solubility be merged into this article or section. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... The coordination geometry of an atom is the geometrical pattern formed by its neighbors in a molecule or a crystal. ... An octahedron (plural: octahedra) is a polyhedron with eight faces. ... Enargite crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chlorine, with the formula CdCl2. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main source of European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ... 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An ion is an atom or group of atoms that normally are electrically neutral and achieve their status as an ion by loss (or addition) of (an) electron(s). ... An ion is an atom or group of atoms that normally are electrically neutral and achieve their status as an ion by loss (or addition) of (an) electron(s). ... // Introduction Chromium(II) chloride is the chemical compound CrCl2. ... Iron(II) chloride, or ferrous chloride, is the chemical compound FeCl2. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... General Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 54. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ... Water of crystallization is water that is tightly associated with crystalline metal salts, and remains after drying in a fixed proportion to the salt. ... Trans is a Latin word meaning across, beyond or on the opposite side and is the opposite of cis, which means on the same side. In chemistry, a bond not subject to free rotation in which the greater radical on both ends is on the opposite side of the bond... Ligand field theory was developed during the thirties and fourties of the twentieth century as an expansion of the electrostatic crystal field theory, which offered a good description of the electronic structure of metal ions in coordination complexes but was not able to provide a proper explanation for their bonding. ...

Preparation

Manganese(II) chloride may be prepared by treating manganese metal or manganese(II) carbonate with hydrochloric acid: General Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 54. ... Two pounds of Manganese Carbonate powder and a seventeen pound house cat. ... The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). ...

Mn + 2 HCl → MnCl₂ + H₂

MnCO₃ + 2 HCl → MnCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂

It is also produced when manganese(IV) oxide is heated with concentrated hydrochloric acid; this reaction was formerly used for the manufacture of chlorine. The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ...

MnO₂ + 4 HCl → MnCl₂ + 2 H₂O + Cl₂

This reaction illustrates the oxidizing power of MnO₂ and the fact that oxides tend to exist in higher oxidaton states than chlorides.

Chemical properties

MnCl₂ is ionic, and it dissolves in water to give a solution with a pH of around 4.Such aqueous solutions are used to prepare a variety of manganese compounds, e.g.,

MnCl₂(aq) + K₂CO₃(aq) → MnCO₃(s) + 2 KCl(aq)

It is a weak Lewis acid, reacting chloride ion to produce a series of salts including polymeric [MnCl₃]^-, [MnCl₄]^2- , and [MnCl₆]^4-. It forms complexes with ligands such as triphenylphosphine (see "uses"): Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Carbonate of potash redirects here. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Two pounds of Manganese Carbonate powder and a seventeen pound house cat. ... In jewelry, a solid gold piece is the alternative to gold-filled or gold-plated jewelry. ... The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... In chemistry, a Lewis acid can accept a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond, after the American chemist Gilbert Lewis. ... The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an anion (negatively-charged ion) Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and are also called chlorides. ... Synthesis of copper(II)-tetraphenylporphine, a metal complex, from tetraphenylporphine and copper(II) acetate monohydrate. ... In chemistry, a ligand is an atom, ion, or molecule (see also: functional group) that generally donates one or more of its electrons through a coordinate covalent bond to, or shares its electrons through a covalent bond with, one or more central atoms or ions (these ligands act as a... Triphenylphosphine (in Europe: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 - often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P. It is widely used in the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds. ...

MnCl₂ + 2 Ph₃P → [MnCl₂(Ph₃P)₂]

Anhydrous manganese(II) chloride serves as a starting point for the synthesis of a variety of manganese compounds. For example, manganocene may be prepared by reaction of MnCl₂ with cyclopentadienylsodium in THF. Triphenylphosphine (in Europe: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 - often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P. It is widely used in the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds. ... Tetrahydrofuran, also known as THF, hydrofuran, oxolane, oxacyclopentane, or furanidine, is a heterocyclic organic compound. ...

Precautions

Manganism, or manganese poisoning, may be caused by long-term exposure to manganese dust or fumes. The symptoms resemble Parkinson's disease and are similar to those induced by lead poisoning, but may not appear for months or even years after exposure. There is no cure for manganism. Manganism or manganese poisoning is a toxic condition resulting from chronic exposure to manganese and first identified in 1837 by J. Couper. ...

Suppliers/Manufacturers

• Strem
• Fisher
• VWR
• Alfa
• Aldrich

References

1. N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1997.
2. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
3. A. F. Wells, 'Structural Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed., Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1984.
4. The Merck Index, 7th edition, Merck & Co, Rahway, New Jersey, USA, 1960.
5. Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

External links

• National Pollutant Inventory - Manganese and compounds Fact Sheet

• Link page to external chemical sources.