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RESEARCH Ψ

Abnormal Biological Cognitive Developmental Emotion Experimental Evolutionary Mathematical Neuropsychology Personality Positive Psychonomics Psychophysics Social Transpersonal Psychology (from Greek: ψυχή, psukhē, spirit, soul; λόγος, logos, knowledge) is both an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. ... Image File history File links Psi2. ... The history of psychology as a scholarly study of the mind and behavior dates, in Europe, back to the Late Middle Ages. ... Experimental psychology is an approach to psychology that treats it as one of the natural sciences, and therefore assumes that it is susceptible to the experimental method. ... Abnormal psychology is the scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning. ... Biological psychology, sometimes referred to as psychobiology or biopsychology, is a subfield of psychology. ... Cognitive Psychology is the school of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... For other uses, see Emotion (disambiguation). ... Experimental psychology is an approach to psychology that treats it as one of the natural sciences, and therefore assumes that it is susceptible to the experimental method. ... Evolutionary psychology (abbreviated EP) is a theoretical approach to psychology that attempts to explain mental and psychological traits—such as memory, perception, or language—as adaptations, i. ... Mathematical Psychology is an approach to psychological research that is based on mathematical modeling of perceptual, cognitive and motor processes, and on the establishment of law-like rules that relate quantifiable stimulus characteristics with quantifiable behavior. ... Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology and neurology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relate to specific psychological processes and overt behaviors. ... Personality psychology is a branch of psychology which studies personality and individual differences. ... Positive psychology is a relatively young branch of psychology that studies the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. ... Psychonomics describes an approach to psychology that aims at discovering the laws (Greek: nomos) that govern the workings of the mind (Greek: psyche). The field is directly related to experimental psychology. ... Psychophysics is the branch of cognitive psychology dealing with the relationship between physical stimuli and their perception. ... Social psychology is the scientific study of how peoples thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others (Allport, 1985). ... Transpersonal psychology is a school of psychology that studies the transpersonal, the transcendent or spiritual aspects of the human mind. ...

APPLIED Ψ

Clinical Educational Forensic Health Industrial/Org Sport The basic premise of applied psychology is the use of psychological principles and theories to overcome practical problems in other fields, such as business management, product design, ergonomics, nutrition, law and clinical medicine. ... The Greek letter Psi is often used as a symbol of psychology. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Industrial and organizational psychology (also known as I/O psychology, work psychology, work and organizational psychology, W-O psychology, occupational psychology, personnel psychology or talent assessment) concerns the application of psychological theories, research methods, and intervention strategies to workplace issues. ...

LISTS

Publications Topics Therapies This is a list of important publications in psychology, organized by field. ... This page aims to list all topics related to psychology. ... This is an alphabetical List of Psychotherapies. ... view · talk

 Mania is a severe medical condition characterized by extremely elevated mood, energy, and unusual thought patterns. There are several possible causes for mania, but it is most often associated with bipolar disorder, where episodes of mania may cyclically alternate with episodes of clinical depression. These cycles may relate to diurnal rythyms and environmental stressors. 

For other uses, see Bipolar. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... In Greek mythology, Mania (insanity) was the personification of insanity. ... Manic may refer to: A manic episode of someone with Bipolar disorder Manic the Hedgehog from the TV series Sonic Underground The film Manic that stars Joseph Gordon-Levitt The art installation ManIC built by a San Francisco collective (to be named). ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... Look up mood in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... Clinical depression (also called major depressive disorder, or unipolar depression when compared to bipolar disorder) is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily living. ...

Hypomania and Mania

 Hypomania is a lowered state of mania that does little to impare fuction or decrease quality of life according to (2007). In Hypomania there is less need for sleep, goal motivated behavior and increased metabolism. Though the elevated mood and energy level typical of hypomania could be seen as a benefit, mania generally has many undesirable consequences. Mania happens when thoughts become so fast that the sufferer of mania losses control of what they he or she is thinking about and can't concentrate on external stimuli. This negative expirience creates an inability to function and a absentmindedness where the person with mania's thoughts totally preocupy him or her making him or her unable to keep track of time or be aware of anything besides the neurological pattern of thoughts. Classic symptoms of mania include rapid speech, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, hypersexuality, euphoria, grandiosity, and increased interest in goal-directed activities. Mild forms of mania, known as hypomania, cause little or no impairment, but most people who suffer form prolonged hypomania due to bipolar disorder develop full mania. 

Pressure of speech is a tendency to speak rapidly and frenziedly, as if motivated by an urgency not apparent to the listener. ... Satyriasis redirects here. ... Euphoria (Greek ) is a medically recognized emotional state related to happiness. ... Hypomania is a mood state characterized by persistent and pervasive elated or irritable mood, and thoughts and behaviors that are consistent with such a mood state. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ...

Bipolar Mania

 There are different types of Bipolar Disorder based on the pattern in cycles between depression, mania and the mixed state. Rapid cycling is recognized by the DSM when those who suffer from bipolar illness move back and forth between mania and depression in a matter of hours (2001). 

For other uses, see Bipolar. ... As a three-letter acronym or abbreviation DSM or dsm can mean several things: // DSM (company), an international chemicals company based in the Netherlands Dependency Structure Matrix Deputy Stage Manager Design Structure Matrix The IATA airport code for Des Moines International Airport in Des Moines, Iowa, United States and issometimes...

Schizoaffective Disorder

 Another illlness associated with mania is schizoaffective disorder. (2004) In the DSM Diagnostic and Statistic Manuel for Psychology schizoaffective disorder is characterized by psychotic symptoms, the symptoms of schizophenia. Schizoaffective disorder has two types. 

1. Bipolar type 2. Depressive type

 The depressive type is also charicterized by either periodic depresion in cobination with psychosis. The bipolar type is characterized by a combination of the symptoms of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophenia. Schizoaffective has better prognosis than schizophenia. Mayo Clinic claims that schizoaffectives can hold high level jobs and maintain their illness (2007). If someone with Bipolar Disorder has delusions or hallucinations, the [DSM] suggests that his or her diagnosis be changed to schizoaffective (2004). Manic patients may need to be hospitalized to protect themselves and others. Mania and hypomania have also been associated with theCreativity and mental illness and artistic talent.[1] 

Main campus in downtown Rochester, Minnesota. ... A delusion is commonly defined as a fixed false belief and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false, fanciful or derived from deception. ... A hallucination is a sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulus, as distinct from an illusion, which is a misperception of an external stimulus. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

Symptoms

Although "severely elevated mood" sounds somewhat desirable and enjoyable, the experience of mania is often quite unpleasant and sometimes disturbing, if not frightening, for the person involved (and those close to them), and may lead to impulsive behavior that may later be regretted. It can also often be complicated by the sufferer's lack of judgment and insight regarding periods of exacerbation of symptoms. Manic patients are frequently grandiose, irritable, belligerent, and frequently deny anything is wrong with them. Because mania frequently encourages high energy and decreased perception of need or ability to sleep, within a few days of a manic cycle, sleep-deprived psychosis may appear, further complicating the ability to think clearly. Racing thoughts and misperceptions lead to frustration and decreased ability to communicate with others. Psychosis is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state often described as involving a loss of contact with reality. Stedmans Medical Dictionary defines psychosis as a severe mental disorder, with or without organic damage, characterized by derangement of personality and loss of contact with reality and causing deterioration...

In addition to decreased desire for sleep, other manic symptoms include irritability, anger or rage, delusions, hypersensitivity, hypersexuality, hyper-religiosity, hyperactivity, racing thoughts, talkativeness or rapid speech, and grandiose ideas and plans. In manic and less severe, hypomanic cases, the afflicted person may engage in out of character behaviour such as questionable business transactions, wasteful expenditures of money, risky sexual activity or highly vocal arguments uncharacteristic of previous behaviors. These behaviors increase stress in personal relationships, problems at work and increases the risk of altercations with law enforcement as well as being at high risk of impulsively taking part in activities potentially harmful to self and others. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... A delusion is commonly defined as a false belief, and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false, fanciful or derived from deception. ... Satyriasis redirects here. ... Religiosity is a comprehensive sociological term used to refer to the numerous aspects of religious activity, dedication, and belief. ... Hyperactivity can be described as a state in which a person is abnormally easily excitable and exuberant. ...

A mnemonic used to remember the symptoms of mania is DIGFAST: ^[2] For other uses, see Mnemonic (disambiguation). ...

• D = Distractibility
• I = Indiscretion
• G = Grandiosity
• F = Flight of ideas
• A = Activity increased
• S = Sleep (decreased need for)
• T = Talkativeness (pressured speech)

Mixed states

Mania can be experienced at the same time as depression, in a mixed state. Dysphoric mania is primarily manic and agitated depression is primarily depressed. This has caused speculation amongst doctors that mania and depression are two independent axes in a bipolar spectrum, rather than opposites. A mixed state (aka dysphoric mania, agitated depression) is a condition during which symptoms of mania and depression occur simultaneously (e. ... Manic depression, with its two principal sub-types, bipolar disorder and major depression, was first clinically described near the end of the 19th century by psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin, who published his account of the disease in his Textbook of Psychiatry. ... In the context of mental illness, a mixed state (also known as dysphoric mania, agitated depression, or a mixed episode) is a condition during which symptoms of mania and depression occur simultaneously (e. ... The complete bipolar spectrum includes the a range of mood disorders, ranging from recurrent unipolar depression all the way to bipolar disorder with psychotic features (or schizobipolar disorder). ...

There is an increased probability of suicide in the mixed state, as depressed individuals who are also manic have the energy needed to commit suicide.

Medical treatment

Before beginning treatment for mania, careful differential diagnosis must be performed to rule out non-psychiatric causes. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Acute mania in bipolar disorder is typically treated with mood stabilizers and/or antipsychotic medication. Note that these treatments need to be prescribed and monitored carefully to avoid harmful side-effects such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome with the antipsychotic medications. It may be necessary to temporarily admit the patient involuntarily until the patient is stabilized. Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers help stabilize mood of those with mania or depression. They work by blocking the receptor for the neurotransmitter dopamine and allowing seritonin to still work, but in diminished capacity. For other uses, see Bipolar. ... A mood stabilizer is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders characterized by rapid and unstable mood shifts. ... The term antipsychotic is applied to a group of drugs used to treat psychosis. ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs. ... The term antipsychotic is applied to a group of drugs used to treat psychosis. ... For other uses, see Dopamine (disambiguation). ... Serotonin (pronounced ) (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract of animals including humans. ...

When the symptoms of mania have gone, long-term treatment then focuses on prophylactic treatment to try to stabilize the patient's mood, typically through a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Pharmacotherapy is the practice of treating diseases with medication. ... Psychotherapy is an interpersonal, relational intervention used by trained psychotherapists to aid clients in problems of living. ...

Lithium is the classic mood stabilizer to prevent further manic and depressive episodes. Anticonvulsants such as valproic acid and carbamazepine are also used for prophylaxis. Lithium salts are chemical salts of lithium used primarily in the treatment of bipolar disorder as mood stabilizing drugs. ... Valproic acid (VPA) is a chemical compound that has found clinical use as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug, primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. ... Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. ... Prophylaxis refers to any medical or public health procedure whose purpose is to prevent, rather than treat or cure, disease. ...

Pschopharmacology

 Mania is caused by the amount of the neurotransmitter seritonin in the temporal lobe to be excessively high. The temporal lobe is involved in speech, listening, reading, word association and contains the amygdala, the almond shaped emotional center for the brain. The left amygdala is moe active in women who are manic and the orbitofrontal cortex is less active (2005). Emotional stimulation creates the ability for life events to be stored more vividly in the memory. This accounts for the intelligence and creativity of bipolar disorder. In women the amygdala becomes simalar to one of a manic woman durring sex combined with menstration. Bipolar Disorder is different for men than it is for women. Mania affects the hypothalimalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis by causing it to secrete horamones in different amounts, that accounts for hypersexuality, changes in metabolism, and misdiagnosis as horamonal imbalance. Because the horamone problem stems from a neurological problem horamone therapy isn't the best solution. If seratonin levels are stable horamones secreted by the pituitary will stabilize. Bipolar disorder is similar to a thought disorder combined with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. In schizoaffective disorder both dopamine and seratonin levels are high. Dopamine is involved with cognition and movement. It's the high levels of dopamine that cause psychotic disorders (1983). Different types of medications are better for differnt illnesses. One example is that Risperdal controls delusions really well, abilify controls mania really well, lexapro controls depression really well. 

The temporal lobes are part of the cerebrum. ... Look up Amygdala in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Intelligence (disambiguation). ... Look up Creativity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... Image of a woman on the Pioneer plaque sent to outer space. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... This article concerns how a man differs from women. ... Image of a woman on the Pioneer plaque sent to outer space. ... Satyriasis redirects here. ... A few of the metabolic pathways in a cell. ... Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract. ... Located at the base of the skull, the pituitary gland is protected by a bony structure called the sella turcica. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... In psychiatry, thought disorder or formal thought disorder is a term used to describe a pattern of disordered language use that is presumed to reflect disordered thinking. ... For other uses, see Dopamine (disambiguation). ... Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract. ... For other uses, see Dopamine (disambiguation). ... Look up Cognition in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up movement in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Dopamine (disambiguation). ... This article is about the mental state. ... Risperidone (Belivon®, Rispen®, Risperdal®) is an atypical antipsychotic medication. ... Categories: Stub | Atypical antipsychotics ... Escitalopram oxalate (also known as LexaproTM and CipralexTM) is a medication developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company Lundbeck, that acts as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or SSRI. It is typically used as an antidepressant to treat depression associated with mood disorders although also may be used in the treatment...

Herbal Supplements

 Sugar, chocolate, soda pop and coffee increase seratonin for those who are depressed, but can worsen mania. Bannanas(K+) and milk(Ca2+) help keep the mania down by increasing the number of positive ions that keep neurons from firing. In adition the vitamins Potassium and Calcium tend to be low in the muscles, organs, and bones of those with mania when they are accumulated in the brain. High dossages of negative electrolytesin energy drinks and sports drinks cause mania to get worse. Alcohol and camamile tea can reduce mania. Sometimes doctors prescribe a sleeping pill to help with mania. Some vitamins help with the symptoms of mania. Fish oil or Omega- 3 can cause mania. Gingko can help improve circulation to the brain by thinning the blood through the blood brian barrier, so that nutrients the brain needs will help. Saw Palmetto can help alliviate hypersexuality in men. Flax Oil can make it worse. Vitamin D can help stabalize rapid cycling if taken on rainy snowy days. Vitamin D obtained though the sun has a huge effect on mood and is the reason why we all get seasonal affective dissorder in the far north and hibernate by staying home in the evenings to watch football or hockey. Light boxes can be used to reduce the harm of tanning, melonoma, and gain the benifits of it helping improve mood. So far I have only mentioned legal ways for someone to try and control the mania. Some people get into trouble with the gateway drug marajuana by trying self medication for mental illness. Charting is a method used by psychologists for those with psychological illness to record anything that they feel is an indicator of their mood and their health in order to know what helps them. DBSA known as Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance offers free charts to anyone who wants them. Charting on Excel can be benificial because graphing is useful for data anaysis. 

This article is about sugar as food and as an important and widely-traded commodity. ... For other uses, see Chocolate (disambiguation). ... A soft drink is a drink that contains no alcohol. ... For the several U.S. counties named Coffee, see Coffee County. ... Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract. ... Bannanas are tasty treats but can also be considered a slang word. ... A glass of cows milk. ... General Name, symbol, number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, period, block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 39. ... For other uses, see Calcium (disambiguation). ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... An organ is the following: In anatomy, an organ is a group of tissues which perform some function. ... A miserable stubborn cantankerous old mans, whos actually quite good humoured & an enjoyable compadre to play online alongside if you catch him on a good day. ... For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ... An electrolyte is a substance which dissociates free ions when dissolved (or molten), to produce an electrically conductive medium. ... Energy drinks are beverages which contain legal stimulants, vitamins, and minerals, including caffeine, guarana, taurine, various forms of ginseng, maltodextrin, carnitine, creatine, and ginkgo biloba. ... A sports drink is a beverage which is supposed to rehydrate athletes, as well as restoring electrolytes, sugar, and other nutrients. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A sedative is a drug that depresses the central nervous system (CNS), which causes calmness, relaxation, reduction of anxiety, sleepiness, slowed breathing, slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. ... Fish Oil is oil derived from fishes. ... Binomial name Ginkgo biloba L. The Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), sometimes also known as the Maidenhair tree, is a unique tree with no living relatives. ... Human blood smear: a - erythrocytes; b - neutrophil; c - eosinophil; d - lymphocyte. ... Binomial name Serenoa repens Hooker Saw Palmetto, Serenoa repens, is the sole species currently classified in the genus Serenoa. ... Satyriasis redirects here. ... Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream. ... Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream. ... This article refers to the process of hibernation in biology. ... Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Hockey is any of a family of sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a hard, round disc called a puck, into the opponents net or goal, using a hockey stick. ... This article is about making hides into leather. ... This article is about law in society. ... The term gateway drug is used to describe a relatively benign drug that can lead to the use of harder, more dangerous drugs. ... Cannabis is a plant which is consumed by humans as a psychoactive drug. ... Charting or technical analysis is the use of numerical series generated by market activity, such as price, volume traded, and open interest to predict future trends in that market. ... A psychologist is a researcher and/or a practitioner of psychology. ... A Mental illness, as defined in psychiatry and other mental health professions, is an abnormal mental condition or disorder associated with significant distress and/or disfunction. ... Indicator may mean: pH indicator, a chemical detector for protons in acid-base titrations Redox indicator, a chemical detector for redox titrations Complexometric indicator, a chemical detector for metal ions in complexometric titrations Dial indicator, an instrument that measures small distances Honeyguide, a genus of birds Turn signal of an... Look up mood in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) is a Development Finance Institution based in South Africa that focuses on investments and joint ventures/partnerships in public and private sector financing, mainly for infrastructural development throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. ... // DBSA is a non profit organization which provides support groups across the United States, as well as online to sufferers, family and friends of people with Depression and Bipolar illnesses. ... Look up excel in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Mania and over the counter prescription drugs

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is a sympathomimetic drug similar in structure to amphetamine which was formerly present in over 130 medications, primarily decongestants, cough/cold remedies, and anorectic agents. Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is a drug of the phenethylamine family used as a decongestant and also as an appetite suppressant. ...

A report on PPA, from the Dept. of Psychiatry, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Pharmacopsychiatry 1988 stated:

We have reviewed 37 cases (published in North America and Europe since 1960) that received diagnoses of acute mania, paranoid schizophrenia, and organic psychosis and that were attributed to PPA product ingestion. Of the 27 North American case reports, more reactions followed the ingestion of combination products than preparations containing PPA alone; more occurred after ingestion of over-the-counter products than those obtained by prescription or on-the-street; and more of the cases followed ingestion of recommended doses rather than overdoses.

Failure to recognize PPA as an etiological agent in the onset of symptoms usually led to a diagnosis of schizophrenia or mania, lengthy hospitalization, and treatment with substantial doses of neuroleptics or lithium.

PPA is no longer available in any medication in the United States as of the year 2000. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric diagnosis denoting a persistent, often chronic, mental illness variously affecting behavior, thinking, and emotion. ... The term antipsychotic is applied to a group of drugs used to treat psychosis. ...

See also

• -mania (suffix)
• Bipolar disorder
• Clinical depression
• Cyclothymia
• Hypomania
• Monomania
• Pyromania
• Social mania
• Trichotillomania

The English suffix -mania denotes an obsession or madness towards something; a mania. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... Clinical depression (also called major depressive disorder, or unipolar depression when compared to bipolar disorder) is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily living. ... Cyclothymia is a mood disorder. ... Hypomania is a mood state characterized by persistent and pervasive elated or irritable mood, and thoughts and behaviors that are consistent with such a mood state. ... In psychiatry, monomania (from Greek monos, one, and mania, mania) is a type of paranoia in which the patient has only one idea or type of ideas. ... Property damage caused by fire Pyromania is an obsession with fire and starting fires in an intentional fashion. ... Social manias are mass movements which periodically sweep through society, sometimes on a world wide basis. ... Trichotillomania (TTM), or trich as it is commonly known, is an impulse control disorder characterized by the repeated urge to pull out scalp hair, eyelashes, facial hair, nose hair, pubic hair, eyebrows or other body hair. ...

Resources

• International Society for Bipolar Disorders is a non-profit organization aimed at promoting research and advocacy in the field of bipolar disorders.

The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) is a non-profit organization based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States that focuses on research and education in bipolar disorders. ...

Additional reading

College-level texts on abnormal psychology will contain a section on mania. Abnormal psychology is the scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning. ...

References

The many faces & facets of BP. 2007 Jul. NAMI. Retrieved October 1, 2007, from http://www.nami.org/Template.cfmSection=Whats_New43&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=48300

Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2001 Dec;2(12):1963-73

Schizoaffective Dissorder. 2007 Sept. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved October 1, 2007, from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/schizoaffective-disorder/DS00866

Schizoaffective Dissorder. 2004 May. All Psych Online: Virtual Psychology Classroom. Retrieved October 2, 2007, from http://allpsych.com/disorders/psychotic/schizoaffective.html

Increased Amygdala Activation During Mania: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. 2005 June. The American Journal of Psychiatry. Retrieved October 2, 2007 http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/162/6/1211

Psychotic Disorders. 2004 May. All Psych Online: Virtual Psychology Classroom. Retrieved October 2, 2007, from http://allpsych.com/disorders/psychotic/index.html

Increased concentrations and lateral asymmetry of amygdala dopamine in schizophrenia. 1983 Oct. Nature. Retrieved October 2, form http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v305/n5934/abs/305527a0.html

External links

Look up Mania in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance
• Manic Episode Symptoms
• Bipolar Episode Symptoms