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A manometer is a pressure measuring instrument, often also called pressure gauge. Pressure (symbol: p) is the force per unit area acting on a surface in a direction perpendicular to that surface. ...
Captain Nemo and Professor Aronnax contemplating measuring instruments in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea In physics and engineering, measurement is the activity of comparing physical quantities of real-world objects and events. ...
Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of reduced or increased pressures. ...
Description
The oldest type is the liquid-column manometer. A very simple version is a U-shaped tube half-full of liquid where the measured pressure is applied to one side of the tube whilst the reference pressure (which might be of the atmosphere) is applied to the other. The difference in liquid level represents the applied pressure. It is quite easy to make a manometer. For low pressure differences, water is a commonly-used liquid (and "inches of water" is a commonly-used pressure unit). For larger pressure differences, the greater density of mercury makes it more useful. In general, a reference is something that refers or points to something else, or acts as a connection or a link between two things. ...
Layers of Atmosphere (NOAA) Earths atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earths gravity. ...
A girl in a swimming pool full of water Water (from the Old English waeter; c. ...
Static pressure is a term used in ventilation engineering, airspeed indication, fluid statics, hydraulics and flow measurement. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number mercury, Hg, 80 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 6, d Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 200. ...
A single-limb liquid-column manometer has a larger reservoir instead of one side of the U-tube and has a scale beside the narrower column. The column may be inclined to further amplify the liquid movement. Liquid-column manometers can be used to measure small differences between great pressures.
A second type uses the deflection of a flexible membrane that seals a fixed pressure reference volume to determine the pressure. The amount of deflection is repeatable for known pressures so the pressure can be determined using a lookup table. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 76 KB) A manometer on a steam-engine. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 76 KB) A manometer on a steam-engine. ...
[[ Deflection happens when an object hits a plane surface In physics In physics deflection is the event where an object collides and bounces against a plane surface. ...
It has been suggested that Net flux be merged into this article or section. ...
Volume, also called capacity, is a quantification of how much space an object occupies. ...
In computer science, a lookup table is a data structure, usually an array or associative array, used to replace a runtime computation with a simpler lookup operation. ...
A third variant (Bourdon gauge) uses a coiled tube which as it expands due to pressure increase causes a rotation of an arm connected to the tube. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of reduced or increased pressures. ...
Rotation of a plane, seen as the rotation of the terrain relative to the plane (exposure time 1. ...
One use of manometers is to measure vacuum pressures, especially in the range from 0.001 atmospheres to 1 atm. They are helpful because the deflection of the manometer is not dependent upon the type of gas being measured, unlike other types of vacuum gauges in this pressure range. The deflection of the piston is often one half of a capacitor, so that when the piston moves, the capacitance of the device changes. This is a common way (with proper calibrations) to get a very precise, electronic reading from a manometer, and this configuration is called a capacitive manometer vacuum gauge. When expressed as a measurement, an atmosphere (symbol: atm) or standard atmosphere is a unit of pressure roughly equal to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth. ...
Look up Vacuum in Wiktionary, the free dictionary For other uses, see vacuum (disambiguation) A vacuum is a volume of space that is empty of matter, including air, so that gaseous pressure is much less than standard atmospheric pressure. ...
piston + connecting rod In general, a piston is a sliding plug that fits closely inside the bore of a cylinder. ...
A capacitor is a device that stores energy in the electric field created between a pair of conductors on which equal but opposite electric charges have been placed. ...
Capacitance is a measure of the amount of electric charge stored (or separated) for a given electric potential. ...
Calibration refers to the process of setting the magnitude of the output (or response) of a measuring instrument to the magnitude of the input property or attribute within specified accuracy and precision. ...
Bourdon Tube Type Indicator Side Mechanical Side Mechanical Details A pressure or vacuum gauge usually consists of a closed coiled tube (called a Bourdon tube) connected to the chamber or pipe in which pressure is to be sensed. ...
For very low pressures (high vacuums, AKA "hard" vacuums), entirely electronic means (ion gauges) are used to measure the quality of the vacuum.
European (CEN) Standard - EN 472 : Pessure gauge - Vocabulary.
- EN 837-1 : Pressure gauges. Bourdon tube pressure gauges. Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing.
- EN 837-2 : Pressure gauges. Selection and installation recommendations for pressure gauges.
- EN 837-3 : Pressure gauges. Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges. Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing..
CEN, the European Committee for Standardization, is a private non-profit organization whose mission is to foster the European economy in global trading, the welfare of European citizens and the environment by providing an efficient infrastructure to interested parties for the development, maintenance and distribution of coherent sets of standards...
See also Mechanical sphygmomanometer with aneroid manometer and stethoscope Digital sphygmomanometer A sphygmomanometer or blood pressure meter is an inflatable cuff used to measure blood pressure. ...
Schematic drawing of a simple mercury barometer with vertical mercury column and reservoir at base Table of Pneumaticks, 1728 Cyclopaedia A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. ...
A McLeod gauge is a scientific instrument to measure very low pressures, down to 10-7 Torr. ...
Patents U.S. Patent 2960867 : W. R. Valcourt : "Overflow valve for a manometer "
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