The Mansi language (also known as Vogul, though this name is now old-fashioned and largely disused), is a language of the Mansi people. It is spoken in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, along the Ob River and its tributaries, and parts of Sverdlovsk Oblast in Russia. According to the 1990 census, there were 3,184 Mansi-speaking people in Russia. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Russian: ), or Khantia-Mansia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Current distribution of Human Language Families A language family is a group of related languages said to have descended from a common proto-language. ... Geographical distribution of Samoyedic, Finnic, Ugric and Yukaghir languages  Yukaghir  Samoyedic  Ugric  Finnic The Uralic languages (pronounced: ) form a language family of about 30 languages spoken by approximately 20 million people. ... Approximate geographical distribution of areas where indigenous Finno-Ugric languages are spoken. ... Ugric languages or Ugrian languages are generally held to be a branch of Finno-Ugric languages. ... The Ob-Ugric languages are a subset of the Finno-Ugric languages, specifically referring to the Khanty (Ostyak) and Mansi (Vogul) languages. ... ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family. ... ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages. ... ISO 639-3 is an international standard for language codes. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Unicode is an industry standard allowing computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in any of the worlds writing systems. ... Mansi (obsolete: Voguls) are an endangered ethnic group living in Khantia-Mansia, an autonomous region within the Russian Federation, together with Khants. ... Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Russian: ), or Khantia-Mansia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Ob (also Obi, Russian Обь) is a river in West Siberia, Russia, the countrys fourth longest. ... Flag of Sverdlovsk Oblast Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: , Sverdlovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in the Urals Federal District. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ...

The Mansi language belongs to the Ob Ugric (Ob Ugrian) subfamily of the Finno-Ugric languages. It is subdivided into a number of dialects, which differ from each other significantly; in fact, the four main "dialects" (East, South, West and North Mansi) are mutually unintelligible - or were: some of them are extinct. The base dialect of the Mansi literary language is the Sosva dialect; the discussion below is based on the standard language. Fixed word-order is typical for the Mansi language. Adverbials and participles play an important role in sentence construction. The written language was created in the 1930s using a form of the Russian alphabet. Approximate geographical distribution of areas where indigenous Finno-Ugric languages are spoken. ... A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος, dialektos) is a variety of a language characteristic of a particular group of the languages speakers. ... Literature is literally an acquaintance with letters as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning an individual written character (letter)). The term has, however, generally come to identify a collection of texts. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In linguistics, a participle is a non-finite verb form that can be used in compound tenses or voices, or it can be used as a modifier. ... In linguistics, a sentence is a unit of language, characterized in most languages by the presence of a finite verb. ... A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... Face The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

The alphabet

The Mansi alphabet:

The Latin Mansi alphabet (not used):

Grammar

Mansi is an agglutinating language. An agglutinative language is a language that uses agglutination extensively: most words are formed by joining morphemes together. ...

Article

In Mansi, no articles exist - neither definite, nor indefinite. Definite Article is the title of British comedian Eddie Izzards 1996 performance released on video and CD. The video/DVD and CD performances were both recorded on different nights at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, England. ... An article is a word that is put next to a noun to indicate the type of reference being made to the noun. ...

It means that "cauldron", "the cauldron" and "a cauldron" all translate to "пут".

Nouns

There is no grammatical gender. Mansi distinguishs between singular, dual and plural number. Six grammatical cases exist. Possession is expressed using possessive suffixes, for example -зм, which means "my". Dual is the grammatical number used for two referents. ... Look up Plural in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world. ... In grammar, the case of a noun or pronoun indicates its grammatical function in a greater phrase or clause; such as the role of subject, of direct object, or of possessor. ... The possessive suffix is an feature unique to Finno-Ugric languages. ...

Grammatical cases, declining

Example with: пут (cauldron)

Missing cases can be expressed using postpositions, such as халнэл (of, out of), саит (after, behind), etc.

Verbs

Mansi conjugation has three persons, three numbers, two tenses, and four moods. Active and passive voices exist.

Intransitive and transitive conjugations are distinguished. This means that there are two possible ways of conjugating a verb. When the speaker conjugates in intransitive, the sentence has no concrete object (in this case, the object is nothing or something like something, anything). In the transitive conjugation, there is a concrete object. This feature also exists in the other Ugric languages. Ugric languages or Ugrian languages are generally held to be a branch of Finno-Ugric languages. ...

Tenses

Mansi uses suffixes to express the tense. The tense suffix precedes the personal suffix.

The language has no future tense; the future is expressed in other ways.

Moods

There are four moods: indicative, conditional, imperative and blandishing. It has been suggested that prohibitive mood be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that prohibitive mood be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that prohibitive mood be merged into this article or section. ...

Indicative mood has no suffix. Imperative mood exists only in the second person.

Personal suffixes

The suffixes are the following:

Thus, the conjugation of the verb мина (lat. mina [go]), in past tense (remember the suffix -с):

Active/Passive voice

Verbs have active and passive voice. Active voice has no suffix; the suffix to express the passive is -ве-.

Verbal prefixes

Verbal prefixes are used to modify the meaning of the verb in both concrete and abstract ways. For example, with the prefix эл- (away, off) the verb мина (go) becomes элмина, which means to go away.

ēl(a) - 'forwards, onwards, away'

χot - 'direction away from something and other nuances of action intensity'

Numbers

Numbers 1 and 2 also have attributive forms: акв (1) and кит (2; compare with Hungarian két).

Example

ам хул алысьлаңкве минасум. - I went fishing (literally "I fish catch went").

Comparison with Hungarian

Here are some invented sentences in Mansi (Latin transcription) and Hungarian.^[2] They demonstrate well the relationship between Hungarian and Mansi. Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ...

Notes

1. ^ *lat.: With Latin script.
2. ^ Note: The transcription is written with Hungarian orthography to provide a clearer comparison; if you do not know the correct pronunciation, see Hungarian alphabet.

The Hungarian alphabet is an extension of the Roman alphabet. ...

Reference

• Nyelvrokonaink. Teleki László Alapítvány, Budapest, 2000.
• A világ nyelvei. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest
• Riese, Timothy. Vogul: Languages of the World/Materials 158. Lincom Europa, 2001. ISBN 3895862312

See also

Wikibooks has more about this subject:

Mansi

Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo-en. ...

External link

Mansi language, alphabet and pronunciation