The Sea of Tranquility of the Moon. Image courtesy of NOT and SO: M. Gålfalk, G. Olofsson, and H.-G. Florén.

Mare Tranquillitatis ("sea of tranquillity") is a lunar mare that sits within the Tranquillitatis basin on Earth's moon. The mare material within the basin consists of basalt in the intermediate to young age group of the Upper Imbrian epoch. The surrounding mountains are thought to be of the Lower Imbrian epoch, but the actual basin is probably Pre-Nectarian. The basin has irregular margins and lacks a defined multiple-ringed structure. The irregular topography in and near this basin results from the intersection of the Tranquillitatis, Nectaris, Crisium, Fecunditatis, and Serenitatis basins with two throughgoing rings of the Procellarum basin. Palus Somni, on the northeastern rim of the mare, is filled with the basalt that spilled over from Tranquillitatis. The Sea of Tranquility of the Moon. ... The Sea of Tranquility of the Moon. ... The dome of the Nordic Optical Telescope. ... The Stockholm Observatory is an astronomical institution in Stockholm, Sweden, founded in the 18th century and today part of Stockholm University. ... A map showing the location of Mare Imbrium The Lunar maria (singular: mare, pronounced MAH-ray) are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earths Moon, formed by ancient basaltic flood eruptions caused by extremely large meteoroid impacts. ... Earth, also known as Terra, and (mostly in the 19th century) Tellus, is the third-closest planet to the Sun. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ... Basalt Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock, sometimes porphyritic, and is often both fine-grained and dense. ... In the Lunar geologic timescale, the Upper Imbrian epoch occurred between 3800 million years ago to about 3200 million years ago. ... In the Lunar geologic timescale, the Lower Imbrian epoch occurred between 3850 million years ago to about 3800 million years ago. ... The Pre-Nectarian Period of the lunar geologic timescale runs from 4550 million years ago (the time of the initial formation of the Moon) to 3920 million years ago, when the Nectaris Basin was formed by a large impact. ... The Sea of Nectar (Mare Nectaris) is a small lunar mare or sea (a volcanic lava plain noticeably darker than the rest of the moons surface) located between the Sea of Tranquillity (Mare Tranquillatis) and the Sea of Fecundity (Mare Fecunditatis). ... Mare Crisium Studios is also the name of a company formed to develop the game Stars! Supernova Genesis. ... Mare Fecunditatis (the sea of fecundity) is a lunar mare 909 miles in diameter. ... A map of Mare Serenitatis. ... The Ocean of Storms of the Moon. ... Palus Somni (Latin for Marsh of Sleep) is an area on the Moon of relatively level but somewhat uneven terrain that lies along the northeastern edge of Mare Tranquillitatis and the Sinus Concordiae. ...

Map of Mare Tranquillitatis, showing the landing sites of Apollo 11, Apollo 17, Apollo 16, and Surveyor 5. To the southeast is Mare Fecunditatis, to the northeast is Mare Crisium, to the northwest is Mare Serenitatis, and to the south is Mare Nectaris.

In 1965, the Ranger 8 spacecraft crashed in Mare Tranquillitatis, after successfully transmitting 7,137 photographs of the moon in the final 23 minutes of its mission. This mare also served as the landing site for Apollo 11lunar module, the first manned landing on the Moon. The landing area at 0.8° N, 23.5° E has been designated Statio Tranquillitatis, and three small craters to the north of the base have been named Aldrin, Collins and Armstrong in honor of the Apollo 11 astronauts. Map of Mare Tranquillitatis, cropped from [1]. The colored arrows indicate the landing sites of Apollo 11, the first manned moon mission, Apollo 17, Apollo 16, and Surveyor 5. ... The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned lunar landing. ... Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo program, and was the sixth and last mission to date to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 16 was the tenth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fifth mission to land on the Moon. ... Surveyor 5 was the fifth lunar lander of the Surveyor program that explored the Moon. ... Mare Fecunditatis (the sea of fecundity) is a lunar mare 909 miles in diameter. ... Mare Crisium Studios is also the name of a company formed to develop the game Stars! Supernova Genesis. ... A map of Mare Serenitatis. ... The Sea of Nectar (Mare Nectaris) is a small lunar mare or sea (a volcanic lava plain noticeably darker than the rest of the moons surface) located between the Sea of Tranquillity (Mare Tranquillatis) and the Sea of Fecundity (Mare Fecunditatis). ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... Ranger 8 was designed to achieve a lunar impact trajectory and to transmit high-resolution photographs of the lunar surface during the final minutes of flight up to impact. ... Ariane 5 lifts off with the Rosetta space probe on March 2, 2004. ... A camera. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ... The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned lunar landing. ... Tranquillity Base was the name given by Astronaut Neil Armstrong to the landing site on the moon where the Apollo 11 Lunar Module Eagle landed. ... Aldrin is a tiny impact crater located on the southern part of the Mare Tranquillitatis, to the east of Sabine crater. ... Collins is a tiny lunar impact crater located on the southern part of the Mare Tranquillitatis. ... Armstrong is a tiny lunar impact crater located in the southern part of the Mare Tranquillitatis. ... U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit (MMU) outside the Challenger in 1984. ...

Bays

Along the periphery of the mare are several bay-shaped features that have been given names.

Sinus Amoris

The "Bay of Love" extends northward from the northeast end of the Mare Tranquillitatis. It is located at selenographic coordinates 18.1° N, 39.1° E, and lies within a diameter of 130 km. To the north of the bay are the jumbled Montes Taurus peaks. Montes Taurus is a rugged, jumbled mountainous region on the Moon. ...

Near the southern end of the bay where it outlets into the Mare Tranquillitatis lies the Theophrastus crater. Along the western side is the flooded Maraldi crater and Mons Maraldi. Bordering the east side of the bay are the Carmichael and Hill craters. There are some low ridges in the central part of the bay, but otherwise it is relatively featureless. Theophrastus is a small lunar impact crater at the southern part of the Sinus Amoris, a bay at the northeast part of the Mare Tranquillitatis. ... Maraldi is a worn, eroded crater on the western edge of the Sinus Amoris, in the northeast part of the Moon. ... Carmichael is a lunar impact crater that is located along the eastern edge of the Sinus Amoris, in the northeastern quadrant of the Moons near side. ... Hill is a small lunar impact crater that is located to the west of the prominent Macrobius crater, near the eastern edge of the Sinus Amoris. ...

Sinus Asperitatis

The "Bay of Roughness" is an area of lunar mare that extends southward from the Mare Tranquillitatis until it joins the Mare Nectaris to the southeast. It is bordered along the western and eastern sides by continental regions of irregular terrain. The selenographic coordinates of this feature are 3.8° S, 27.4° E, and it has a diameter of 206 km. A map showing the location of Mare Imbrium The Lunar maria (singular: mare, pronounced MAH-ray) are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earths Moon, formed by ancient basaltic flood eruptions caused by extremely large meteoroid impacts. ... The Sea of Nectar (Mare Nectaris) is a small lunar mare or sea (a volcanic lava plain noticeably darker than the rest of the moons surface) located between the Sea of Tranquillity (Mare Tranquillatis) and the Sea of Fecundity (Mare Fecunditatis). ...

In the northern part of this mare is the small Toricelli crater. At the southern end is the prominent crater pair of Theophilus and Cyrillus. On the border between Sinus Asperitatis and the Mare Nectaris is the Mädler crater. Torricelli is a lunar crater in the eastern part of the Sinus Asperitatis, to the south of the Mare Tranquillitatis. ... Theophilus is a prominent lunar impact crater that lies between Sinus Asperitatis in the north and Mare Nectaris to the southeast. ... Cyrillus is a lunar impact crater located on the northwest edge of Mare Nectaris. ... Mädler is a lunar impact crater located on the maria that joins Sinus Asperitatis in the north to Mare Nectaris to the southeast. ...

Sinus Concordiae

The narrow "Bay of Harmony" lies along the eastern edge of the Mare Tranquillitatis. Along its northern border is an area called the Palus Somni, while the southern border is an area of irregular terrain that contains the ruined Da Vinci crater. The selenographic coordinates of this bay are 10.8° N, 43.2° E, and it has an overall diameter of 142 km. da Vinci is a lunar crater that is located in the eastern part of the Moon, to the northwest of Mare Fecunditatis. ...

Sinus Honoris

The "Bay of Honour" is located along the western edge of the Mare Tranquillitatis. The selenographic coordinates of this feature are 11.7° N, 18.1° E, and it has a diameter of 109 km.

Sinus Honoris has a wide mouth and is bordered by uneven terrain to the north and southwest. Where the bay joins the mare, rilles systems extend to the north and south. The northern system is designated Rimae Maclear, after the Maclear crater just to the east of the bay. At the southern end of the bay entrance is the Rimae Sosignes, named for the Sosigenes crater to the south. At the west end of the bay is a finger of mare surface that extends to the northwest for almost 100 km. It is pronounced the same as a second name of a river in Normandy in France, see Risle A rille is used to describe any of the long, narrow depressions in the lunar surface that resemble channels. ... Maclear is a lava-flooded crater on the northwest part of the Mare Tranquillitatis, a lunar mare in the eastern half of the Moon. ... Sosigenes is a lunar impact crater on the west edge of Mare Tranquillitatis. ...

In the arts

Mare tranquilitatis is also the name of a composition of music by composer Vangelis on his 1976 album, Albedo 0.39 and is in reference to the lunar geographical term. The Greek electronic composer Vangelis in 2001. ... Albedo 0. ...