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Margaret of Parma (28 December 1522 - 18 January 1586), duchess of Parma and regent of the Netherlands from 1559 to 1567, was the illegitimate daughter of Charles V.
Margaret was brought up by the Douwrin family, and later by her great-aunt, Margaret of Austria, and her aunt, Maria of Austria, who were successively regents of the Netherlands from 1507 to 1530 and from 1530 to 1555, respectively.
In 1533 she was acknowledged by her father and allowed to assume the name Margaret of Austria.
Margaret Maultasch[moul´tAsh] Pronunciation Key [Ger.,=pocket mouth], 131869, countess of Tyrol, called the Ugly Duchess, probably because of her unattractive appearance, especially her mouth.
When Margaret's father, Henry, count of Tyrol and duke of Carinthia, died in 1335, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV gave Carinthia to the Hapsburgs and tried to take Tyrol from Margaret and her husband, John Henry, son of John of Luxemburg, king of Bohemia.
Margaret expelled her husband from her country; her marriage was voided by Louis IV, and in 1342 she married his son Louis, margrave of Brandenburg.