NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Maria Alexandrovna of Russia

Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (later Duchess of Edinburgh and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; 17 October 1853 – 24 October 1920) was a daughter of Alexander II of Russia and his first Empress consort Marie of Hesse. Maria became the wife of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Image File history File links MariaAlexa. ... Prince Alfred of the United Kingdom, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh (born 6 August 1844 and died 30 July 1900), was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... Prince Alfred of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1874-1899) was a member of the British Royal Family. ... Princess Marie of Edinburgh (Marie Alexandra Victoria; later Queen of Romania; 29 October 1875 â€“ 18 July 1938) was a member of the British Royal Family who became the queen consort of Ferdinand I of Romania. ... Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Victoria Melita; 25 November 1876 - 2 March 1936) was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. ... Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria) (September 1, 1878 - April 16, 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family. ... Princess Beatrice of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria; 20 April 1884 - 13 July 1966) was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. ... A Royal House or Dynasty is a sort of family name used by royalty. ... Saxe-Coburg-Gotha or Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) was once the name given to the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918. ... The House of Romanov (Рома́нов, pronounced Ro-MAH-nof), the second and last imperial dynasty of Russia, which ruled Muscovy and the Russian Empire for five generations from 1613 to 1762. ... Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€ II ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡) (born April 17, 1818 in Moscow; died March 13, 1881 in St. ... Marie of Hesse Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August 1824-8 June 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia. ... October 17 is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Catherine Palace and Park Tsarskoye Selo (Russian: ; may be translated as Tsarâ€™s Village) is a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting nobility 24 km south of St. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... ZÃ¼rich (German: , ZÃ¼rich German: ZÃ¼ri , in English generally Zurich, Italian: Zurigo) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 366,145 in 2004; population of urban area: 1,091,732) and capital of the canton of ZÃ¼rich. ... October 17 is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€ II ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡) (born April 17, 1818 in Moscow; died March 13, 1881 in St. ... King George V of the United Kingdom and his consort, Queen Mary A queen consort is the wife and consort of a reigning king. ... Marie of Hesse Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August 1824-8 June 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia. ... Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh (6 August 1844- 30 July 1900), was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 â€“ 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

From 1893 until her death, she had the distinction of being a Russian grand duchess (by birth), a British royal duchess (by marriage), and the consort (and later widow) of a German sovereign duke (by marriage).

Early life

The Duchess was born at Tsarskoye Selo, Russia, the second daughter of Alexander II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias (who was assassinated in 1881) and his wife Marie of Hesse and by Rhine who was the daughter of Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. She was the aunt of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia who was murdered in 1918. Her brother, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia was assassinated in Moscow in 1905, and another brother, Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia was shot in Saint Petersburg in 1919. Catherine Palace and Park Tsarskoye Selo (Russian: ; may be translated as Tsarâ€™s Village) is a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting nobility 24 km south of St. ... Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€ II ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡) (born April 17, 1818 in Moscow; died March 13, 1881 in St. ... Marie of Hesse Princess Maximilienne Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse and the Rhine (8 August 1824-8 June 1880) was a princess of Grand Ducal Hesse and, as Marie Alexandrovna, Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia. ... Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (26 December 1777 â€“ 16 June 1848) ruled over the Grand Duchy of Hesse from 1830 until his death. ... Nicholas II of Russia (May 18, 1868â€“July 17, 1918)[1] (Russian: , Nikolay II) was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Poland,[2] and Grand Duke of Finland. ... Sergei Alexandrovich Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov (April 29, 1857 - February 4, 1905, Old Style) was the seventh child and fifth son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and his first Empress-consort Marie of Hesse and by Rhine. ... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area - City 1,081 kmÂ² Population - City (2005) - Density 10,415,400 8537. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia (ÐŸÐ°Ð²ÐµÐ» ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡) (October 3, 1860 N.S.â€“January 24, 1919 N.S.) was the eighth child of Tsar Alexander II of Russia by his first wife Maria Alexandrovna of Hesse. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Marriage

On 23 January 1874 at the Winter Palace, St. Petersburg, the Grand Duchess Marie married His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria. The Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh made their public entry into London on 12 March. The marriage, however, was not a happy one, and the bride was thought haughty by London society. Furthermore, Tsar Alexander II's insistence that his daughter be styled "Her Imperial Highness" and have precedence over the then Princess of Wales infuriated Queen Victoria. The Queen insisted that style "Her Royal Highness" Marie Alexandrovna acquired upon marriage, should always precede the style "Her Imperial Highness," which was hers by birth. For her part, the new Duchess of Edinburgh apparently resented the fact that the Princess of Wales, who was the daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark, took precedence over her, the daughter of the Russian Tsar. After the marriage, Marie was varyingly referred to as Her Royal Highness, Her Royal & Imperial Highness, and Her Imperial & Royal Highness. Queen Victoria granted her precedence immediately after the Princess of Wales. Her father gave her the then staggering sum of £100,000 as a dowry plus an annual allowance of £28,000. January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Located between the Palace Embankment and the Palace Square, the Winter Palace (Russian: Ð—Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð”Ð²Ð¾Ñ€ÐµÑ†) in Saint Petersburg, Russia was built between 1754 and 1762 as the winter residence of the Russian tsars. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... Prince Alfred of the United Kingdom, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh (born 6 August 1844 and died 30 July 1900), was the second son and fourth child of Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in leap years). ... This page is about the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom. ... Royal Highness (abbreviation HRH) is a style His Royal Highness or Her Royal Highness. ... Christian IX of Denmark (April 8, 1818 â€“ January 29, 1906) was King of Denmark from November 15, 1863 to January 29, 1906. ...

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

On the death of his uncle, Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, on 22 August 1893, the vacant duchy fell to the Duke of Edinburgh, since his elder brother the Prince of Wales had renounced his right to the succession. He surrendered his British allowance of £15,000 a year and his seats in the House of Lords and the Privy Council, but retained the £10,000 granted on his marriage in order to maintain Clarence House as his London residence. Upon her husband's ascension to the ducal throne, the Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna became Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in addition to being Duchess of Edinburgh. As the consort of a sovereign German duke, she technically outranked her sisters-in-law at Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee celebrations. Ernst II of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1818-1893) was the second sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. ... 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 â€“ 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King of the Commonwealth Realms, and the Emperor of India. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, especially in a monarchy. ... Clarence House, London Clarence House is a royal home in London, situated in The Mall. ...

The couple's only son, Prince Alfred, became involved in a scandal involving his mistress and shot himself in January 1899, in the midst of his parents' twenty-fifth wedding anniversary celebrations. He survived, but his embarrassed parents sent him off to Merano to recover, where he died two weeks later, on 6 February. The Duke of Edinburgh and Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha died of throat cancer on 30 July 1900 at Schloss Rosenau in Coburg. The ducal throne passed to his nephew, Prince Carl Edward, Duke of Albany. Now the Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha continued to reside in Coburg. Meran (German) / Merano (Italian) is probably best known as a spa in the South Tyrol. ... July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 154 days remaining. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... Coburg is a district in Bavaria, Germany. ... Carl Eduard, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Charles Edward George Albert Leopold) (19 July 1884 â€“ 28 March 1954) was the last reigning Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 30 July 1900 to 14 November 1918. ...

Image File history File links Royal_Standard_of_England. ... A style of office, or honorific, is a form of address which by tradition or law precedes a reference to a person who holds a title or post, or to the political office itself. ...

Later life

She died in October 1920 in Zürich, Switzerland and was buried in the ducal family's cemetery outside Coburg. ZÃ¼rich (German: , ZÃ¼rich German: ZÃ¼ri , in English generally Zurich, Italian: Zurigo) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 366,145 in 2004; population of urban area: 1,091,732) and capital of the canton of ZÃ¼rich. ...

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles

Issue

Categories: English and British princesses | House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov | House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | British duchesses | Companions of the Order of the Crown of India | Dames of Justice of St John | Ladies of the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert | People from Saint Petersburg | 1853 births | 1920 deaths Her Royal Highness Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (September 1, 1878 - April 16, 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... April 16 is the 106th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (107th in leap years). ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Princess Beatrice of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria; 20 April 1884 - 13 July 1966) was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... July 13 is the 194th day (195th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 171 days remaining. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

Contents

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