Mark was a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It comprised the lands north of the Ruhr River. The northern portion (north of the Lippe River) is still called Hohe Mark ("Higher Mark"). The former "Lower Mark" (between Ruhr and Lippe rivers) is the present Ruhr area and is no longer called "Mark". North Rhine-Westphalia (German: Nordrhein-Westfalen) is the largest in population (though only fourth in area) among Germanys 16 federal states. ... The Ruhr in Essen-Kettwig The Ruhr is a large river in western Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) starting near the town of Winterberg in Sauerland and ending in the Rhine in the city of Duisburg. ... The Lippe is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Map of the Ruhr Area The Ruhr Area (German Ruhrgebiet or, colloquially, Ruhrpott) is a metropolitan area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, consisting of a number of large industrial cities bordered by the rivers Ruhr to the south, Rhine to the west, and Lippe to the north. ...

Originally a collateral line of the counts of Berg, the territory emerged in 1160 under the name of Berg-Altena. After moving the court to the castle of Mark (close to the present city of Hamm) in 1198 the rulers called themselves "counts of the Mark". The town of Hamm was founded by count Adolf I in 1226 and was soon the most important town of the county. Berg was a medieval territory in todays North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Events Erik den helige is succeeded by Karl Sverkersson. ... Map of Germany showing Hamm Hamm is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Emperor Tsuchimikado ascends to the throne of Japan January 8 - Pope Innocent III ascends Papal Throne Frederick II, infant son of German King Henry VI, crowned King of Sicily Births August 24 - Alexander II of Scotland (d. ... Events Carmelite Order approved by Pope Honorius III Frederick II calls Imperial Diet of Cremona Births Deaths October 3 Saint Francis of Assisi founder of the Franciscan Order and patron Saint of animals and the environment Canonized by Pope Gregory IX in 1228 November 8 King Louis VIII of France...

The territory of Mark was long time restricted to the lands between the Ruhr and Lippe rivers ("Lower Mark"). New territories in the north ("Higher Mark") were gained during the 14th century in wars against the bishopric principality of Münster. Prince Albert of Monaco on the left represents a principality where he wields adminisitrative authority. ... Position - Münster in Germany Town Hall at Prinzipalmarkt Münster: Prinzipalmarkt Münster is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ...

In 1368 Mark was united with the duchy of Cleves on the western banks of the Rhine. The duchy was then called Mark-Cleves (Mark-Kleve). In 1510 the heir to the throne of Mark-Cleves married the daughter of the duke of Berg. This resulted in a personal union of Mark-Cleves and Berg (1521). Almost all of present North Rhine-Westphalia (except for the clerical states) was then ruled by the dukes. Events Timur ascends throne of Samarkand. ... The Duchy of Cleves (Herzogtum Kleve) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands (parts of Limburg and Gelderland). ... The Rhine canyon (Ruinaulta) in Graubünden in Switzerland Length 1,320 km Elevation of the source Vorderrhein: approx. ... Events Conquest of Pskov by Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy. ... Berg was a medieval territory in todays North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther. ... North Rhine-Westphalia (German: Nordrhein-Westfalen) is the largest in population (though only fourth in area) among Germanys 16 federal states. ...

The ducal dynasty became extinct in 1609, when the insane last duke had died. A long dispute about the succession followed, before the territory was annexed by The Palatinate in 1614 (generally accepted in 1666). Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... A palatinate is an area administered by a count palatine, originally the direct representative of the sovereign but later the hereditary ruler of the territory subject to the crowns overlordship. ... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... Events September 2 - Great Fire of London: A large fire breaks out in London in the house of Charles IIs baker on Pudding Lane near London Bridge. ...