NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mark Hanna

Mark A. Hanna (September 24, 1837–February 15, 1904), born Marcus Alonzo Hanna, was an industrialist and Republican politician from Ohio. He rose to fame as the campaign manager of the successful Republican Presidential candidate William McKinley in the U.S. Presidential election of 1896, in what is considered the forerunner of the modern political campaign, and subsequently became one of the most powerful members of the U.S. Senate. Mark Hanna, from bioguide. ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). ... | Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Business magnate. ... This article is about the modern United States Republican Party. ... Official language(s) None Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Cleveland Area Ranked 34th - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 kmÂ²) - Width 220 miles (355 km) - Length 220 miles (355 km) - % water 8. ... William McKinley (January 29, 1843 â€“ September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the Congress of the United States, the other being the House of Representatives. ...

Business career

Moving to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1844, the young Hanna became involved in numerous unsuccessful business ventures. He served as a quartermaster in the U.S. Army during the Civil War, and was always close to veterans' organizations. (It is not true that he was awarded the Medal of Honor--that was an unrelated Marcus Hanna.) After 1867 he became rich as a shipper and broker serving the coal and iron industries. Cleveland was emerging as a major transhipping point between the Great Lakes ore deposits and the mills of eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania, and Hanna loved making deals and bargains on a daily basis over a wide range of products and services. Hanna was one of the few industrialists fascinated less by profits than by the outdoor spectacle and indoor bargaining of politics. Nickname: The Forest City Motto: Progress and Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1836 Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area - City 82. ... 1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Quartermaster is a term usually referring to a military unit which specializes in supplying and provisioning troops, or to an individual who does the same. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert Edward Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... This article is about the U.S. military award. ...

Manager of campaigns

Hanna made a transition into politics during the 1880s and in 1888, he managed Ohio Senator John Sherman's unsuccessful effort to gain the Republican presidential nomination. Rep. William McKinley had tried unsuccessfully to win the position of Speaker of the House in 1891, losing to Maine Rep. Thomas B. Reed who was backed by Theodore Roosevelt. McKinley then turned his attentions to running for Governor of Ohio. Hanna helped McKinley win the 1891 and 1893 elections for Governor of Ohio and became his chief advisor. John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823–October 22, 1900) was a Senator from Ohio and a member of the United States Cabinet. ... Ohio Governors Ohio was admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803. ...

McKinley's only competition for the Republican nomination in 1896 was Speaker Reed. After Hanna attended a speech Reed gave in Washington, he realized that Reed lacked the presidential appearance or stature McKinley possessed. McKinley won the 1896 Republican nomination for president, Hanna, as Chairman of the Republican National Committee, raised an unprecedented $3.5 million for McKinley's campaign for the gold standard, high tariffs, high wages, pluralism and renewed prosperity. Most of the money came from corporations who feared that William Jennings Bryan's more radical Free Silver policy would ruin the entire economy. By October the Democrats realized they were losing on the money issue and targeted Hanna as the arch-villain who threatened to put corporate interests ahead of the national interest. As McKinley was highly likeable, Hanna became a target of Bryanites, especially William Randolph Hearst and his New York Journal. Image File history File links ~hanna2. ... Image File history File links ~hanna2. ... William Randolph Hearst William Randolph Hearst (April 29, 1863 â€“ August 14, 1951) was an American newspaper magnate, born in San Francisco, California. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Bush/Cheney, 2004 Campaign Manager Ken Mehlman is the current Chairman of the RNC. The Republican National Committee (RNC) provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. ... This article is on the monetary principle. ... A tariff is a tax placed on imported and/or exported goods, sometimes called a customs duty. ... It has been suggested that Pluralistic perspective be merged into this article or section. ... William Jennings Bryan, 1907 William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 â€“ July 26, 1925) was an American lawyer, statesman, and politician. ... Free Silver was an important political issue in the late 19th century United States. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ... William Randolph Hearst William Randolph Hearst (April 29, 1863 â€“ August 14, 1951) was an American newspaper magnate, born in San Francisco, California. ... The New York Journal American was a newspaper purchased by William Randolph Hearst in 1895 (at the time called the New York Morning Journal, then the New York Journal). ...

Hanna's campaign employed 1,400 people, who concentrated a flood of pamphlets, leaflets, posters, and stump speakers. McKinley defeated Bryan by an electoral vote of 271 to 176. At the time, it was the most expensive campaign ever in U.S. politics, with the McKinley campaign outspending Bryan's by nearly 12 to 1. Today it is considered the forerunner of the modern political campaign for its adroit use of publicity, its overall national plan, its strategic use of issues, and especially the candidate's own speech making. The United States Electoral College is the electoral college which chooses the President and Vice President of the United States at the conclusion of each Presidential election. ...

Election to U.S. Senate

Once elected, McKinley appointed Senator Sherman to his Cabinet, and Hanna was elected by the Ohio legislature in March of 1897 to fill the remainder of that term, and then re-elected to the subsequent term. As the economy recovered and international triumphs against Spain bolstered McKinley's popularity, the 1900 rematch was an easy victory for Hanna. Taking his place in the Senate, he came out from McKinley's shadow and played an influential role in terms of selecting the Panama route for a canal. More importantly, Hanna worked with the National Civic Federation as a concilator regarding labor strife. He succeeded to a considerable extent in attracting labor unions into the Republican fold and heading off major strikes that would be not only economically damaging but politically and socially divisive. Combatants United States Republic of Cuba First Philippine Republic Spain Commanders William R. Shafter George Dewey MÃ¡ximo GÃ³mez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Casualties 379 U.S. dead; considerably higher although undetermined Cuban and Filipino casualties Unknown[1] The Spanish-American War took place in 1898 and... A canal tug, making its way down to the Caribbean end of the canal, waits to be joined by a ship in the uppermost chamber of the Gatun Locks. ... The National Civic Federation, was a federation of American businesses and labor leaders founded in 1900. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

Hanna and Roosevelt

Hanna and Theodore Roosevelt had been allies when they met in 1884, but they became rivals, initially due to their disagreement about the Spanish-American War. Roosevelt strongly favored war with Spain; Hanna resisted war until public opinion demanded it. In 1900, New York politicians wanted Governor Roosevelt to become vice president. Hanna lacked the political power to stop it. One of the leading powers in the conservative (and Rockefeller) faction of the Republican party, Hanna lost influence when McKinley was assassinated, replaced by the somewhat more progressive (Morgan faction) Roosevelt. (Hanna had known Rockefeller from high school.) Upon hearing the news, Hanna reputedly remarked that "Now that damn cowboy is president." Hanna and Roosevelt worked together (particularly on the Panama Canal) and although they remained personally cordial, they considered each other political rivals. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ... Rockefeller Rockefeller family Rockefeller Group International, Inc. ... Progressivism is term that refers to a variety of political philosophies that promote what they see as progress, or positive social change. ... John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913), American financier and banker, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, a son of Junius Spencer Morgan (1813–1890), who was a partner of George Peabody and the founder of the house of J. S. Morgan & Co. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Death and legacy

Hanna was expected to run against Roosevelt for the Republican nomination for president in the 1904 election. The rivalry was cut short by Hanna's death of typhoid fever, at the peak of his power, in February of that year. Hanna is buried in Cleveland's Lakeview Cemetery. Summary The election was held on November 8, 1904. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Lakeview Cemetery is located on the East side of the city of Cleveland, Ohio, along the East Cleveland, Ohio and Cleveland Heights, Ohio borders. ...

The Hanna Building on the corner of Euclid Avenue and East 14th Street in Cleveland bears his name. Euclid Avenue is a commonly found name applied to streets in American cities; however Cleveland, Ohioâ€™s Euclid Avenue set the standard for the nation from the 1860s to the 1920s for beauty and sheer wealth. ...

Hanna was the father of Ruth Hanna McCormick, who married a U.S. Representative and Senator, and herself served in the House of Representatives. Ruth Hanna McCormick (March 27, 1880–December 31, 1944) was a U.S. Congresswoman from Illinois, the daughter of Mark Hanna and the wife of Joseph Medill McCormick and later Albert Gallatin Simms. ... House of Representatives is a name used for legislative bodies in many countries. ...

References

James Ford Rhodes (1848â€“1927), was an American historian, born in Ohio City. ...

External links

Categories: 1837 births | 1904 deaths | Union Army officers | People from Cleveland | Republican National Committee chairmen | United States Senators from Ohio John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823–October 22, 1900) was a Senator from Ohio and a member of the United States Cabinet. ... Ohio was admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803. ... Joseph Benson Foraker (July 5, 1846 â€“ May 10, 1917) was a Republican politician from Ohio. ... Charles William Frederick Dick (November 3, 1858 - March 13, 1945) was a Republican politician from Ohio. ... Thomas Henry Carter, a Delegate, a Representative, and a Senator from Montana; born near Portsmouth, Ohio, October 30, 1854; moved with his parents to Pana, Illinois. ... Bush/Cheney, 2004 Campaign Manager Ken Mehlman is the current Chairman of the RNC. The Republican National Committee (RNC) provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. ... Henry Clay Payne (October 15, 1867–October 4, 1904) was U.S. Postmaster General from 1902 to 1904 under Pres. ... Bush/Cheney, 2004 Campaign Manager Ken Mehlman is the current Chairman of the RNC. The Republican National Committee (RNC) provides national leadership for the Republican Party of the United States. ... Edwin Dennison Morgan (February 8, 1811 - February 14, 1883) was governor of New York in the USA from 1859 to 1862. ... Marcus Lawrence Ward (November 9, 1812â€“April 25, 1884) was a United States political figure. ... William Claflin (1818-1905) was an industrialist and philanthropist who served as Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts from 1869-1872 and as a member of Congress from 1877-1881. ... Edwin Dennison Morgan (February 8, 1811 - February 14, 1883) was governor of New York in the USA from 1859 to 1862. ... Zachariah T. 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