Mark Wallinger
Born	1959 Chigwell, Essex
Nationality	British
Field	Conceptual art, Installation art
Training	Chelsea School of Art, Goldsmiths College
Movement	Young British Artists
Patrons	Charles Saatchi
Awards	Turner Prize

Mark Wallinger (born 1959) is a British artist, best known for his sculpture for the empty fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square, Ecce Homo (1999), and State Britain (2007), a recreation at Tate Britain of Brian Haw's protest display outside parliament. He won the Turner Prize in 2007.^[1] If you hold the copyright to an image (e. ... Chigwell is a civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex. ... For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ... Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs (1965) Conceptual art is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. ... Installation art uses sculptural materials and other media to modify the way we experience a particular space. ... The Chelsea College of Art and Design, previously called the Chelsea School of Art (1928-2001), is part of the University of the Arts London. ... The Main Building The Ben Pimlott Building The Library Warmington Tower Goldsmiths, University of London (founded in 1891 as Goldsmiths Technical and Recreative Institute, rebranded from Goldsmiths College, University of London in 2006[2]) is a constituent college of the University of London specialising in teaching of and research into... The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living by Damien Hirst (1991). ... Charles Saatchi Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi, which became the worlds biggest before the brothers were forced out of their own company in 1995. ... Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Trafalgar Square viewed from the northeast corner. ... State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007. ... Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, along with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. ... Brian Haw. ... “Houses of Parliament” redirects here. ... Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ...

Life and career

Mark Wallinger was born in Chigwell, Essex. His formative schooling, from the age of 11, was undertaken at West Hatch High School, Chigwell, Essex. He first studied art at the Chelsea School of Art and later at Goldsmiths College where he was also a tutor from 1986. He exhibited throughout the 1980s, and later showed work in the Young British Artists II show at Charles Saatchi's gallery in 1993 and at the Royal Academy's Sensation exhibition in 1997. In 2000 a retrospective of his work, Credo, was exhibited at Tate Liverpool. Chigwell is a civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex. ... For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ... West Hatch High School is a secondary school located in Southern Essex. ... The Chelsea College of Art and Design, previously called the Chelsea School of Art (1928-2001), is part of the University of the Arts London. ... The Main Building The Ben Pimlott Building The Library Warmington Tower Goldsmiths, University of London (founded in 1891 as Goldsmiths Technical and Recreative Institute, rebranded from Goldsmiths College, University of London in 2006[2]) is a constituent college of the University of London specialising in teaching of and research into... The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ... Charles Saatchi Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi, which became the worlds biggest before the brothers were forced out of their own company in 1995. ... The Royal Academy of Arts is an art institution based in Burlington House on Piccadilly, London, England. ... Sensation was a notorious exhibition of Young British Artists which took place in 1997 (18 September-28 December) at the Royal Academy of Art in London and later toured to Berlin and New York. ... The Tate Liverpool is located in Albert Dock, Liverpool. ...

Early work

Wallinger's early work is noted for its social commentary, often focusing on class (social), royalty and nationalism. These works are often paintings, although by the 1990s he was beginning to use a wider range of techniques, which have continued to feature in his work since. A social class is, at its most basic, a group of people that have similar status. ... This article is about the monarchy-related concept. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolizing French nationalism during the July Revolution 1830. ... For other uses , see Painting (disambiguation). ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ...

In 1991 Wallinger exhibited a series of full length portrait paintings of the homeless called "Capital" at the ICA in London that were bought by Charles Saatchi and later exhibited at his gallery along with Wallinger's life size paintings of racehorses. Some commentators found "Capital" patronizing - especially as the models were recognisable figures from the London art world - and that by allowing himself to be bought by Saatchi that Wallinger was selling out. These accusations had some effect on Wallinger and the direction of his later work. External view of the entrance to the ICA from the Mall. ... Charles Saatchi Charles Saatchi (born June 9, 1943) was the co-founder with his brother Maurice of the global advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi, which became the worlds biggest before the brothers were forced out of their own company in 1995. ... Horse-racing is an equestrian sporting activity which has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times were an early example, as was the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. ...

Up to 1995 sport as a nexus for English national obsessions was a frequent topic of his work. In 1994 Wallinger appropriated an entire international football match at Wembley Stadium by being photographed with a large Union Jack banner with his name emblazoned on it. As a state flag the Union Flag has superiority to the Cross of St. George that most England football team fans display. Wembley Stadium was a football stadium located in Wembley, London. ... Union Jack redirects here. ... The Flag of England (5:3) The Flag of England is the St Georges Cross. ...

His 1995 Turner Prize nomination was largely thanks to his work of the previous year, A Real Work Of Art. This was actually a racehorse, which the racing fan Wallinger had bought and named "A Real Work Of Art" with a view to entering it in races and therefore causing this "art" to be piped into bookmakers up and down the country. It would thus be a further development of Marcel Duchamp's readymades. As things turned out, however, the horse was injured, and only ran one race. Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ... Horse-racing is an equestrian sporting activity which has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times were an early example, as was the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. ... A bookmaker, bookie or turf accountant, is an organization or a person that takes bets and may pay winnings depending upon results and, depending on the nature of the bet, the odds. ... Marcel Duchamp (pronounced ) (July 28, 1887 – October 2, 1968) was a French artist (he became an American citizen in 1955) whose work and ideas had considerable influence on the development of post-World War II Western art, and whose advice to modern art collectors helped shape the tastes of the... Found art, or more commonly and less confusingly, Found Object (French: objet trouvé) is a term used to describe art created from common objects not normally considered to be artistic (also assemblage). ...

Later work

Wallinger's later work appears to have largely turned away from his earlier preoccupations, instead apparently focusing on religion and death and the influence of William Blake. "Angel" is a video played in reverse showing the artist walking backwards at the bottom of the down escalator at Angel Underground Station while reciting the opening lines of the Gospel of John in the King James Bible. At the conclusion of the video the music of Zadok the Priest that forms part of the British Coronation ceremony can be heard as Wallinger 'ascends' up the stairs. No Man's Land, a show at the Whitechapel Gallery included several works on these subjects. Threshold to the Kingdom (2000), for example, is a slow motion video of people coming through automatic double doors at international arrivals at an airport. The video is accompanied by a recording of the famous Miserere by Gregorio Allegri. Wallinger has said that the title might be taken as a double meaning: arrival at the United Kingdom, but also at the kingdom of heaven, with a security guard playing the part of St. Peter. For other persons named William Blake, see William Blake (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Gospel of John (disambiguation). ... This page is about the version of the Bible; for the Harvey Danger album, see King James Version (album). ... Zadok the Priest being performed at the Rod Laver Arena, Melbourne in 2005 Zadok the Priest is a coronation anthem composed by George Frideric Handel (1685–1759) using texts from the King James Bible. ... A asses is a ceremony marking the investment of a monarch with regal power through, amongst other symbolic acts, the placement of a crown upon his or her head. ... The Whitechapel Gallery, founded 1901, was one of the first publicly-funded galleries for temporary exhibitions in London. ... Gregorio Allegri Gregorio Allegri (1582 – February 7, 1652) was an Italian composer and priest of the Roman School of composers. ... For other uses, see Heaven (disambiguation). ... According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ...

As well as traditional religion, Wallinger's work has sometimes referenced myths. Ghost (2001) is a negative print of George Stubbs' famous horse painting Whistlejacket that has had a horn added to its head, thus turning it into a unicorn. Time and Relative Dimensions in Space (2001) takes a more modern myth as its subject - it is a life-sized mirrored model of the TARDIS from Doctor Who which at certain angles seems to blend into its environment. For other uses, see Mythology (disambiguation). ... A self portrait by George Stubbs George Stubbs (born in Liverpool on August 25, 1724 – died in London July 10, 1806) was a British painter, best known for his paintings of horses. ... The gentle and pensive maiden has the power to tame the unicorn, in this fresco in Palazzo Farnese, Rome, probably by Domenichino, ca 1602 For other uses, see Unicorn (disambiguation). ... The current TARDIS prop. ... This article is about the television series. ...

The largest work in the No Man's Land show was Prometheus. This piece is in two parts - on the outside, in a dark corridor, is a video of Wallinger (or rather his alter-ego, "Blind Faith") sitting in an electric chair and singing Ariel's song from William Shakespeare's The Tempest. From the corridor, automatic double doors give access to a brightly lit room which has an electric chair bolted to one of the walls, giving a top-down "God's-eye view" of it. On two facing walls are large photos of fists with the words "LOVE" and "HATE" written on them, a reference to the preacher played by Robert Mitchum in the film, The Night of the Hunter, who had similar tattoos on his knuckles. A circular steel loop gives out a continuous buzzing sound. The electric chair is an execution method in which the person being put to death is strapped to a chair and electrocuted through electrodes placed on the body. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Robert Charles Durman Mitchum (August 6, 1917 – July 1, 1997) was an Academy award nominated American film actor and singer. ... This article is about motion pictures. ... The Night of the Hunter is a 1955 film noir, starring Robert Mitchum and Shelley Winters, and the only film Charles Laughton ever directed. ...

Ecce Homo was the first work to occupy the empty plinth in Trafalgar Square. This work is a life-sized statue of a Christ figure, naked apart from a loin cloth, and with his hands bound behind his back. He wears a crown of barbed wire. The sculpture was placed at the very front edge of the massive plinth, emphasising its vulnerability and relative smallness. It was quite popular with the public, and was later shown at the Venice Biennale in 2001, where Wallinger was Britain's representative. Trafalgar Square viewed from the northeast corner. ... Typical modern agricultural barbed wire. ... Detail of exhibition. ...

He was one of the five artists shortlisted for the Angel of the South project in January 2008.

State Britain

Main article: State Britain

State Britain was installed inside the Duveen Hall of Tate Britain in January 2007. It is a meticulous recreation of a 40 metre long display which had originally been situated around peace campaigner Brian Haw's protest outside the Houses of Parliament against policies towards Iraq. ^[2] The original display consisted of donations from the public, including paintings, banners and toys. This had been confiscated by the police under the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005. Wallinger employed 15 people for 6 months and spent £90,000 to recreate it. He also put a black line on the floor of the Tate and through the middle of his exhibit to mark part of a 1 kilometre radius from Parliament. He stated that this marked the protest "exclusion zone", thereby making half the show in violation of the law.^[3] Charles Thomson of the Stuckists pointed out that the actual exclusion zone ends before it reaches the Tate, so no law-breaking was involved.^[4][5] State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007. ... State Britain is an installation artwork by Mark Wallinger displayed in Tate Britain in January 2007. ... Tate Britain is a part of the Tate gallery network in Britain, along with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. ... Brian Haw. ... “Houses of Parliament” redirects here. ... The Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (SOCPA) (2005 c. ... Sir Nicholas Serota Makes an Aquisitions Decision, 2000, painting by Charles Thomson Charles Thomson (born February 6, 1953) is a British artist, painter, poet, photographer. ... The logo on the Stuckism International web site Stuckism is an art movement that was founded in 1999 in Britain by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson to promote figurative painting in opposition to conceptual art. ...

In 2007, he won the Turner Prize for this work — this was his second Turner Prize nomination.^[1] Tate Britain: the venue for the Turner Prize. ...

Notes and references

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External links

• Mark Wallinger's work in the Tate
• Mark Wallinger in the 1995 Turner Prize, Tate web site
• Mark Wallinger on State Britain (video)
• Excerpt from Wallinger's Sleeper video
• Wallinger's cv