NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Marquis de Sade

Donatien Alphonse François de Sade (Marquis de Sade) (June 2, 1740 – December 2, 1814) (pronounced IPA: [maʁki dəsad]) was a French aristocrat, french revolutionary and writer of philosophy-laden and often violent pornography. He was a philosopher of extreme freedom (or at least licentiousness), unrestrained by morality, religion or law, with the pursuit of personal pleasure being the highest principle. Sade was incarcerated in various prisons and in an insane asylum for about 32 years of his life; eleven years in Paris (10 of which were spent in the Bastille) a month in Conciergerie, 2 years in a fortress, a year in Madelonnettes, 3 years in Bicêtre, a year in Sainte-Pélagie, and 13 years in the Charenton insane asylum. Much of his writing was done during his imprisonment. The term "sadism" is derived from his name. Image File history File links Sade_(van_Loo). ... Portrait of Charles-AmÃ©dÃ©e-Philippe van Loo by Adelaide Labille-Guiard Charles-AmÃ©dÃ©e-Philippe van Loo (1719-08-25 â€“ 1795-11-15) was a French painter of allegorical scenes and portraits. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1814 (MDCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Charenton is the name or part of the name of several places: France Charenton-le-Pont, in the Val_de_Marne département, is a commune which has a common border with Paris _ it is often referred to as Charenton Charenton-du-Cher, in the Cher département United States Charenton, Louisiana This... This article is about work. ... A writer is anyone who creates a written work, although the word more usually designates those who write creatively or professionally, or those who have written in many different forms. ... Sappho and Alcaeus of Mytilene, by Lawrence Alma-Tadema (1881). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the legislative body and constitutional convention during the French Revolution. ... For other uses, see Voltaire (disambiguation). ... La Beauvoir redirects here; also see: Beauvoir (disambiguation). ... Existentialism is a philosophical movement that posits that individuals create the meaning and essence of their lives, as opposed to deities or authorities creating it for them. ... Max Ernst. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1814 (MDCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... The French Revolution (1789â€“1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... For other uses, see Philosophy (disambiguation). ... Porn redirects here. ... For other uses, see Freedom. ... Morality (from the Latin manner, character, proper behavior) has three principal meanings. ... For other uses, see Law (disambiguation). ... A psychiatric hospital (also called, at various places and times, mental hospital or mental ward, historically often asylum, lunatic asylum, or madhouse), is a hospital specialising in the treatment of persons with mental illness. ... This article is about the building. ... The Palais de Justice, the Conciergerie and the Tour de lHorloge, after 1858 - by Adrien Dauzats The Conciergerie (French: La Conciergerie) is a former prison in Paris, located on the west of the ÃŽle de la CitÃ©, near the Cathedral of Notre-Dame. ... The HÃ´pital BicÃªtre, located on the Left Bank, in XIIIe arrondissement of Paris, France, was originally planned as a military hospital, with construction begun in 1634. ... Sainte-PÃ©lagie was a prison in Paris from 1790 to 1895. ... Charenton was an insane asylum, founded in 1645 by the Frères de la Charité in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, France. ... Look up sadism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Life

Early life and education

Sade was born in the Condé palace in Paris. His father was comte Jean-Bastiste François Joseph de Sade. His mother, Marie-Eléonore de Maillé de Carman, was a distant cousin and lady-in-waiting to the princess of Condé. Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Prince of CondÃ© (named after CondÃ©-en-Brie, now in the Aisne dÃ©partement) is a historical French title, originally assumed in the mid-sixteenth century by the French Protestant leader, Louis of Bourbon (1530-1569), uncle of King Henry IV of France, and borne by his descendants. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For article about famous philosopher and sociologist, see Auguste Comte Comte is a title of French nobility. ... Lady in Waiting is an album by American southern rock band The Outlaws, released in 1976. ... Prince of CondÃ© is a title in French peerage, attributed for the first time to Louis of Bourbon, brother of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendome and uncle of Henry IV of France. ...

While a boy he was educated by his uncle, the abbé de Sade. Later Sade attended a Jesuit lycée (all boys school) and went on to pursue a military career. He served in the Seven Years' War as captain of a cavalry regiment. He returned from the war in 1763 and pursued a daughter of a rich magistrate but this pursuit was rejected by his father who, instead, arranged a marriage with her elder sister, Renée-Pélagie de Montreuil, in the same year.^[1] The couple produced two sons and a daughter. AbbÃ© (from Latin abbas, in turn from Greek Î±Î²Î²Î±Ï‚ = abbas father, from Aramaic abba) is the French word for abbot. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... In France, secondary education is divided into two schools: the collÃ¨ge (IPA: ) (somewhat comparable to U.S. junior high school) for the first four years directly following primary school; the lycÃ©e (IPA: ) (comparable to a U.S. high school) for the next three years. ... For the 1563â€“1570 war, see Northern Seven Years War. ...

His lifelong attraction to the theater became apparent in 1766 when he had a private theater constructed at his castle in Lacoste in the Provence. The Marquis de Sade's father died in January 1767. Lacoste (43Â°50â€² N 5Â°16. ... Coat of arms of Provence Provence (ProvenÃ§al Occitan: ProvenÃ§a in classical norm or ProuvÃ¨nÃ§o in Mistralian norm) was a Roman province and now is a region of southeastern France on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Italy. ...

Title

The generations of this family alternated use of the titles marquis and comte. His grandfather, Gaspard François de Sade, was the first of this family to bear the title of marquis.^[2] He was occasionally referred to as the marquis de Sade, but more often documents refer to him as the marquis de Mazan. But no reference has been found of Donatien de Sade's lands being erected into a marquisate for him or his ancestors, nor any act of registration of the title of marquis or comte by the parlement of Provence where he was domiciled. Both of these certifications would have been necessary for any legitimate title of nobility to descend legally. But the Sade family were Noblesse d'épée, that is, members of France's oldest nobility, who claimed descent from the ancient Franks. Indeed an ancestor of the family was Laura de Noves. Given the loftiness of their lineage, the assumption of a noble title, in the absence of a grant from the King, was de rigueur, well-sanctioned by custom. The family's indifferent use of marquis and comte reflected the fact that the French hierarchy of titles (below the rank of duc et pair) was notional. The title of marquis was, in theory, accorded to noblemen who owned several countships. Its use by men of dubious lineage had caused it to fall into some disrepute. Precedence at court depended upon seniority of nobility and royal favor, not title. Correspondence exists in which Sade is referred to as marquis prior to his marriage by his own father.^{[dubious – discuss]} Marquis has many different meanings: The French spelling of the title known in English as Marquess and Margrave. ... This article is about the style or title of nobility. ... This article is about a title of nobility. ... This article is for the Ancien RÃ©gime institution. ... Coat of arms of Provence Provence (ProvenÃ§al Occitan: ProvenÃ§a in classical norm or ProuvÃ¨nÃ§o in Mistralian norm) was a Roman province and now is a region of southeastern France on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Italy. ... The nobility (la noblesse) in France in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period had specific legal and financial rights and prerogatives (the first official list of these prerogatives was established relatively late, under Louis XI of France after 1440), including exemption from paying the taille (except for non... Laura de Noves was the wife of Hugues de Sade, and an ancestor of the Marquis de Sade. ... Look up de rigueur in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The status of Peer of France was held by the greatest and highest-ranking of the French nobility. ...

Nevertheless his descendants reject the use of the unofficial or honorific title of marquis and call themselves comtes de Sade.^{[dubious – discuss]}

Scandals and imprisonment

It is said that Sade lived a scandalous libertine existence and, purportedly, repeatedly abused young prostitutes as well as employees of both sexes in his castle in Lacoste. His behavior included an affair with his wife's sister, Anne-Prospere, who had come to live at the castle. Libertine has come to mean one free from restraint, particularly from social and religious norms and morals. ... Whore redirects here. ... Lacoste (43Â°50â€² N 5Â°16. ...

One of Sade's first major scandals occurred on Easter Sunday in 1768, in which he procured the sexual services of a woman, Rose Keller^[3] — whether she was a prostitute or not is widely disputed. He was accused of taking her to his chateau at Arcueil, imprisoning her there and sexually and physically abusing her. He was also accused of blasphemy, a serious offense at that time. She "escaped" by climbing out a second-floor window and running away. She was never paid for her services. It was at this time that la Presidente, Sade's mother-in-law, obtained a lettre de cachet from the king, excluding Sade from the jurisdiction of the courts. The lettre de cachet would later prove disastrous for the marquis. In French history, lettres de cachet were letters signed by the king of France, countersigned by one of his ministers, and closed with the royal seal, or cachet. ...

Beginning in 1763, Sade lived mainly in or near Paris. Several prostitutes there complained about mistreatment by him and he was put under surveillance by the police who made detailed reports of his escapades. After several short imprisonments he was exiled to his chateau at Lacoste in 1768.^[4]

An episode in Marseille, in 1772, involved the non-lethal poisoning of prostitutes with the supposed aphrodisiac Spanish fly and sodomy with his manservant Latour. That year the two were sentenced to death in absentia for sodomy and said poisoning. They fled to Italy, Sade took his wife's sister with him and had an affair with her. His mother-in-law never forgave him for that. She obtained a lettre de cachet for his arrest (a royal order of arrest and imprisonment, without stated cause or access to the courts). City flag Coat of arms Motto: By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines The Old Port of Marseille Location Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Coordinates Administration Country Region Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur Department Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne (13) Subdivisions 16 arrondissements (in 8 secteurs) Intercommunality Urban... This article is about agents which increase sexual desire. ... Cantharidin is a poisonous chemical compound secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. ... FranÃ§ois Elluin, Sodomites provoking the wrath of God, from Le pot pourri de Loth (1781). ... For in absentia medical care, see Health care delivery. ... In French history, lettres de cachet were letters signed by the king of France, countersigned by one of his ministers, and closed with the royal seal, or cachet. ...

Sade and Latour were caught and imprisoned at the Fortress of Miolans, in late 1772, but escaped four months later. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

Sade later hid at Lacoste where he rejoined his wife who became an accomplice in his subsequent endeavors. He kept a group of young employees at Lacoste, most of whom complained about sexual mistreatment and quickly left his service. Sade had to flee to Italy again. During this time he wrote Voyage d'Italie, which, along with his earlier travel writings, has never been translated into English. In 1776 he returned to Lacoste, again hired several servant girls, most of whom fled. In 1777 the father of one of those employees came to La Coste, to claim her, and attempted to shoot the Marquis at point-blank range. Fortunately for Sade the gun misfired. Misfire is a song by the band Queen. ...

Later that year Sade was tricked into visiting his supposedly ill mother, who in fact had recently died, in Paris. He was arrested there and imprisoned in the Château de Vincennes. He successfully appealed his death sentence in 1778 but remained imprisoned under the lettre de cachet. He escaped but was soon recaptured. He resumed writing and met fellow prisoner Comte de Mirabeau who also wrote erotic works. But the two came to dislike each other immensely.^[5] The chapel of ChÃ¢teau de Vincennes (2005) The ChÃ¢teau de Vincennes is a massive 14th and 17th century French royal castle in the town of Vincennes, to the east of Paris, now a suburb of the metropolis. ... Portrait of Mirabeau HonorÃ© Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau, (often referred to simply as Mirabeau) (March 9, 1749 - April 2, 1791) was a French writer, popular orator and statesman. ...

In 1784 Vincennes was closed and Sade was transferred to the Bastille. On July 2, 1789 he reportedly shouted out from his cell, to the crowd outside, "They are killing the prisoners here!" causing somewhat of a riot. Two days later he was transferred to the insane asylum at Charenton near Paris. (The storming of the Bastille, marking the start of the French Revolution, occurred on July 14.) This article is about the building. ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Charenton was an insane asylum, founded in 1645 by the Frères de la Charité in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, France. ... Combatants French government Parisian militia (predecessor of Frances National Guard) Commanders Bernard-RenÃ© de Launay â€ Prince de Lambesc Camille Desmoulins Strength 114 soldiers, 30 artillery pieces 600 - 1,000 insurgents Casualties 1 (6 or possibly 8 killed after surrender) 98 The Storming of the Bastille in Paris occurred on... The French Revolution (1789â€“1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

He had been working on his magnum opus Les 120 Journées de Sodome (The 120 Days of Sodom). To his despair the manuscript was lost during his transferral; but he continued to write. Magnum opus (sometimes Opus magnum, plural magna opera), from the Latin meaning great work,[1] refers to the best, most popular, or most renowned achievement of an author, artist, or composer, and most commonly one who has contributed a very large amount of material. ... The 120 Days of Sodom or the School of Freedoms (Les 120 journÃ©es de Sodome ou lÃ©cole du libertinage) is a book written by the French writer Marquis de Sade in 1784. ...

He was released from Charenton in 1790 after the new Constituent Assembly abolished the instrument of lettre de cachet. His wife obtained a divorce soon after. The National Constituent Assembly (French: AssemblÃ©e nationale constituante) was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. ...

Return to freedom, involvement with the Republic and imprisonment

During Sade's time of freedom, beginning in 1790, he published several of his books anonymously. He met Marie-Constance Quesnet, a former actress, and mother of a six year old son, who had been abandoned by her husband. Constance and Sade would stay together for the rest of his life. Sade was, by now, extremely obese.

He initially ingratiated himself with the new political situation after the revolution, supported the Republic,^[6] called himself "Citizen Sade" and managed to obtain several official positions despite his aristocratic background.

Due to the damage done to his estate in Lacoste which was sacked in 1789 by an angry mob, he moved to Paris. In 1790 he was elected to the National Convention where he represented the far left. He was a member of the Piques section, a section notorious for its radical views. He wrote several political pamphlets, in which he called for the implementation of direct vote. However there is much to suggest that he suffered abuse from his fellow revolutionaries due to his aristocratic background. Matters were not helped by the desertion of his son, a second lietenant and the aide-de-camp to an important colonel the Marquis de Toulengeon, in May 1792. De Sade was forced to disavow his son's desertion in order to save his neck. Later that year his name was entered - whether by error or willful malice - on the list of emigres of the Bouches-du-Rhone department.^[7] This article is about the clothing company. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the legislative body and constitutional convention during the French Revolution. ... The term far left refers to the relative position a person or group occupies within the political spectrum. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Appalled by the Reign of Terror in 1793, he wrote an admiring eulogy for Jean-Paul Marat to secure his position. Then he resigned his posts, was accused of "moderatism" and imprisoned for over a year. He barely escaped the guillotine, probably due to an administrative error. The queue was quite disorderly as well. This experience presumably confirmed his life-long detestation of state tyranny and especially of the death penalty. He was released in 1794, after the overthrow and execution of Maximilien Robespierre had effectively ended the Reign of Terror. For other uses of terror, see Terror; Great Fear . ... Look up eulogy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Marat redirects here. ... This article is about the decapitation device. ... Death penalty, death sentence, and execution redirect here. ... Maximilien FranÃ§ois Marie Odenthalius Isidore de Robespierre [1] (IPA: ; 6 May 1758 â€“ 28 July 1794) is one of the best-known leaders of the French Revolution. ...

In 1796, now all but destitute, he had to sell his ruined castle in Lacoste. The ruins of the castle were acquired in the 1990s by fashion designer Pierre Cardin who now holds regular theater festivals there. Lacoste (43Â°50â€² N 5Â°16. ... Pierre Cardin dress, 1967 For the Canadian Minister of Transport from 1940 to 1942, see Pierre Cardin (politician). ...

Imprisonment for his writings and death

In 1801 Napoleon Bonaparte ordered the arrest of the anonymous author of Justine and Juliette. Sade was arrested at his publisher's office and imprisoned without trial; first in the Sainte-Pélagie prison and, following allegations that he had tried to seduce young fellow prisoners there, in the harsh fortress of Bicêtre. NapolÃ©on I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to NapolÃ©on Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica â€“ 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from... Sainte-PÃ©lagie was a prison in Paris from 1790 to 1895. ... The BicÃªtre Hospital, located in Le Kremlin-BicÃªtre, which is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. ...

After intervention by his family, he was declared insane in 1803 and transferred once more to the asylum at Charenton. His ex-wife and children had agreed to pay his pension there. Charenton was an insane asylum, founded in 1645 by the Frères de la Charité in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, France. ...

Constance was allowed to live with him at Charenton. The benign director of the institution, Abbé de Coulmier, allowed and encouraged him to stage several of his plays, with the inmates as actors, to be viewed by the Parisian public. Coulmier's novel approaches to psychotherapy attracted much opposition. In 1809 new police orders put Sade into solitary confinement and deprived him of pens and paper, though Coulmier succeeded in ameliorating this harsh treatment. AbbÃ© FranÃ§ois Simonet de Coulmier (b. ...

In 1813, the government ordered Coulmier to suspend all theatrical performances.

Sade began an affair with 13-year-old Madeleine Leclerc, an employee at Charenton. This affair lasted some 4 years, until Sade's death in 1814. He had left instructions in his will to be cremated and his ashes scattered but, instead, he was buried in Charenton. His skull was later removed from the grave for phrenological examination. His son had all his remaining unpublished manuscripts burned, including the immense multi-volume work Les Journées de Florbelle. Phrenology (from Greek: Ï†ÏÎ®Î½, phrÄ“n, mind; and Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, logos, knowledge) is a theory which claims to be able to determine character, personality traits and criminality on the basis of the shape of the head (i. ...

Appraisal and criticism

Numerous writers and artists, especially those concerned with sexuality, have been both repelled and fascinated by de Sade. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ...

The contemporary rival pornographer Rétif de la Bretonne published an Anti-Justine in 1793. Nicolas-Edme RÃ©tif (October 23, 1734 â€“ February 2, 1806). ...

Simone de Beauvoir (in her essay Must we burn Sade?, published in Les Temps modernes, December 1951 and January 1952) and other writers have attempted to locate traces of a radical philosophy of freedom in Sade's writings, preceding modern existentialism by some 150 years. He has also been seen as a precursor of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis in his focus on sexuality as a motive force. The surrealists admired him as one of their forerunners, and Guillaume Apollinaire famously called him "the freest spirit that has yet existed". La Beauvoir redirects here; also see: Beauvoir (disambiguation). ... Les Temps Modernes was a political, literary and philosophical French magazine founded in 1945 by Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Raymond Aron. ... For other uses, see Freedom. ... Existentialism is a philosophical movement that posits that individuals create the meaning and essence of their lives, as opposed to deities or authorities creating it for them. ... Sigmund Freud (IPA: ), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (May 6, 1856 â€“ September 23, 1939), was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. ... Today psychoanalysis comprises several interlocking theories concerning the functioning of the mind. ... Max Ernst. ... Guillaume Apollinaire Guillaume Apollinaire (August 26, 1880 â€“ November 9, 1918) was a poet, writer, and art critic. ...

Pierre Klossowski, in his 1947 book Sade Mon Prochain ("Sade My Neighbor"), analyzes Sade's philosophy as a precursor of nihilism, negating both Christian values and the materialism of the Enlightenment. Pierre Klossowski (1905 â€“ August 12, 2001) was a French writer, translator and artist. ... This article is about the philosophical position. ... French materialism combined the associationist psychology and Empiricism of John Locke with the Totality of Isaac Newton to create a complex world view in diametrical opposition to the Cartesian dualist world view. ... The Age of Enlightenment (French: ; Italian: ; German: ; Spanish: ; Swedish: ; Polish: ) was an eighteenth-century movement in Western philosophy. ...

One of the essays in Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno's Dialectic of Enlightenment (1947) is titled "Juliette or Enlightenment and Morality" and interprets the ruthless and calculating behavior of Juliette as the embodiment of the philosophy of enlightenment. Similarly, psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan posited in his 1966 essay "Kant avec Sade" that de Sade's ethic was the complementary completion of the categorical imperative originally formulated by Immanuel Kant. Max Horkheimer (front left), Theodor Adorno (front right), and JÃ¼rgen Habermas in the background, right, in 1965 at Heidelberg Max Horkheimer (February 14, 1895 â€“ July 7, 1973) was a Jewish-German philosopher and sociologist, known especially as the founder and guiding thinker of the Frankfurt School of critical theory. ... Max Horkheimer (front left), Theodor Adorno (front right), and JÃ¼rgen Habermas in the background, right, in 1965 at Heidelberg. ... Dialectic of Enlightenment, written by Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno made its first appearance in 1944 under the title Dialektik der AufklÃ¤rung by Social Studies Association, Inc. ... Juliette is a novel written by the Marquis de Sade and published 1797 - 1801, accompanying Sades Nouvelle Justine. ... Jacques-Marie-Ã‰mile Lacan (French pronounced ) (April 13, 1901 â€“ September 9, 1981) was a French psychoanalyst, psychiatrist, and doctor, who made prominent contributions to the psychoanalytic movement. ... The categorical imperative is the central philosophical concept of the moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and of modern deontological ethics. ... Kant redirects here. ...

In his 1988 Political Theory and Modernity, William E. Connolly analyzes Sade's Philosophy in the Bedroom as an argument against trend of earlier political philosophers, notably Rousseau and Hobbes, and their attempts to reconcile nature, reason and virtue as basis of ordered society. William E. Connolly is the Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University. ... Philosophy in the Bedroom (La Philosophie Dans le Boudoir) is a play written by the Marquis de Sade in 1795 in the aftermath of the French Revolution. ... Rousseau is a French surname. ... This article is about the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. ...

In The Sadeian Woman: And the Ideology of Pornography (1979), Angela Carter provides a feminist reading of Sade, seeing him as a "moral pornographer" who creates spaces for women. Similarly, Susan Sontag defended both Sade and Georges Bataille's Histoire de l'oeil (Story of the Eye) in her essay, "The Pornographic Imagination" (1967) on the basis their works were transgressive texts, and argued that neither should be censored. Angela Carter (May 7, 1940 â€“ February 16, 1992) was an English novelist and journalist, known for her post-feminist magical realist and science fiction works. ... Feminists redirects here. ... Image needed Susan Sontag (January 16, 1933 â€“ December 28, 2004) was an American essayist, novelist, filmmaker, and activist. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Histoire de loeil (Story of the Eye) is a novella written by Georges Bataille that details the sexual experimentation of two teenage lovers, and their increasing perversion. ... Transgressional fiction or transgressive fiction is a genre of literature that focuses on characters who feel confined by the norms and expectations of society and who use unusual and/or illicit ways to break free of those confines. ...

By contrast, Andrea Dworkin saw Sade as the exemplary woman-hating pornographer, supporting her theory that pornography inevitably leads to violence against women. One chapter of her book Pornography: Men Possessing Women (1979) is devoted to an analysis of Sade. Susie Bright claims that Dworkin's first novel Ice and Fire, which is rife with violence and abuse, can be seen as a modern re-telling of Sade's Juliette.^[8] Andrea Dworkin speaking to a federal commission on pornography in New York in January 1986 Andrea Rita Dworkin (September 26, 1946 â€“ April 9, 2005) was an American radical feminist and writer best known for her criticism of pornography, which she linked with rape and other forms of violence against women. ... Susie Bright (also known as Susie Sexpert) (born March 25, 1958, Arlington, Virginia) is a writer, speaker, teacher, audio show host, performer, all on the subject of sexuality. ...

Works written by de Sade

Novels/Novellas/Tales

The 120 Days of Sodom or the School of Freedoms (Les 120 journÃ©es de Sodome ou lÃ©cole du libertinage) is a book written by the French writer Marquis de Sade in 1784. ... Aline et Valcour; ou, Le Roman philosophique is an epistolary novel by the Marquis De Sade, first published in 1795. ...

Historiettes

Essays

Plays

Donatien Alphonse FranÃ§ois de Sade, better known as the Marquis de Sade (pronounced saad; June 2, 1740 â€“ December 2, 1814)wrote in 1782 Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man, expressing his atheism by having the dying libertine convince the priest of the mistakes of a pious life. ... Philosophy in the Bedroom (La Philosophie Dans le Boudoir) is a play written by the Marquis de Sade in 1795 in the aftermath of the French Revolution. ...

Political Pamphlets

Letter Correspondence/Personal Notes Posthumously Published into Books

Uncertain/Misattributions

Fictional works

Sade's life and works have been the subject of numerous fictional plays, films, pornographic or erotic drawings, etchings and more. These include Peter Weiss's play Marat/Sade, a fantasia extrapolating from the fact that Sade directed plays performed by his fellow inmates at the Charenton asylum. Yukio Mishima, Barry Yzereef, and Doug Wright also wrote plays about Sade; Weiss's and Wright's plays have been made into films. His work is referenced on film at least as early as Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí's L'Age d'or (1930), the final segment of which provides a coda to Sade's 120 Days of Sodom, with the four debauched noblemen emerging from their mountain retreat. Pier Paolo Pasolini filmed Salo, or the 120 Days of Sodom (1975), updating Sade's novel to Fascist Italy; Benoit Jacquot's Sade and Philip Kaufman's Quills (from the play of the same name by Doug Wright) both hit cinemas in 2000; additionally several horror films have used Sade as a major character. He is referenced in several stories by science fiction writer Robert Bloch, while Polish science fiction author Stanislaw Lem wrote an essay analyzing the game theory arguments appearing in Sade's Justine.^[9]In a comical vein, in "Carry On" Don't Lose Your Head (1966), Charles Hawtrey's character "Duc de Pommfrit" is seen reading a book by de Sade before a foiled attempt to guillotine him. There have been many and varied references to the Marquis de Sade in popular culture, including fictional works, biographies and more minor references. ... Peter Weiss (November 8, 1916 - May 10, 1982) was a German writer, painter and artist. ... The Persecution and Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat as Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum of Charenton Under the Direction of the Marquis de Sade, published in 1963, is a play by Peter Weiss, directed both on stage and screen by Peter Brook. ... Yukio Mishima ) was the public name of Kimitake Hiraoka , January 14, 1925â€“November 25, 1970), a Japanese author and playwright, famous for both his highly notable nihilistic post-war writings and the circumstances of his ritual suicide by seppuku. ... Doug Wright is an award-winning American playwright, librettist, and screenplay writer. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto DalÃ i DomÃ¨nech, 1st Marquis of PÃºbol (May 11, 1904 â€“ January 23, 1989), was a Spanish surrealist painter of Catalan descent born in Figueres, Catalonia (Spain). ... LÂge dOr (The Golden Age) is a 1930 surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and written by Buñuel and Salvador Dalí. The film was financed to the tune of a million francs by the nobleman Vicomte de Noailles, who commissioned a film every year for his... Pier Paolo Pasolini (March 5, 1922 â€“ November 2, 1975) was an Italian poet, intellectual, film director, and writer. ... Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma (Salo or the 120 Days of Sodom) is a 1976 film by Italian director Pier Paolo Pasolini, based on the book The 120 Days of Sodom by the Marquis de Sade. ... Anthem Giovinezza (The Youth)Â¹ Capital SalÃ² Language(s) Italian Religion Roman Catholicism Government Republic Head of State Benito Mussolini Historical era World War II - Established September 23, 1943 - Disestablished April 25, 1945 Â¹ External link The Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana or RSI) was a Nazi puppet state led by... BenoÃ®t Jacquot (born 5 February 1947) is a French film director who has had a varied career in European cinema. ... Sade is a 2000 film directed by BenoÃ®t Jacquot. ... Philip Kaufman (born October 23, 1936) is a film director and screenwriter from Chicago, Illinois. ... Quills is a 2000 period drama directed by Philip Kaufman and adapted from the Obie award-winning play by Doug Wright, who also wrote the original screenplay. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Robert Albert Bloch (April 5, 1917, Chicago-September 23, 1994, Los Angeles) was a prolific American writer. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that is often used in the context of economics. ... Justine (or The Misfortunes of Virtue, or several other titles: see below) is a classical erotic novel by Donatien Alphonse FranÃ§ois de Sade, better known as the Marquis de Sade. ... The Carry On films were a long-running series of British low-budget comedy films, directed by Gerald Thomas and produced by Peter Rogers. ... This article is about the Carry On film. ...

He is name-checked by the DC Comics character Desaad; was a secondary character in the Grant Morrison's graphic novel series The Invisibles and in 2000 Guido Crepax created graphic novel combining Justine with Anne Desclos's Histoire d'O, supposedly following Sade's example of creating beauty from the vile and the degenerate. DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company. ... In DC Comics comic books, Desaad is one of the followers of Darkseid from the planet of Apokolips in Jack Kirbys Fourth World meta-series. ... Grant Morrison (born January 31, 1960) is a Scottish comic book writer and artist. ... The Invisibles is an adult comic book series that was published by the Vertigo imprint of DC Comics from 1994 to 2000. ... Guido Crepax (born Guido Crepas, Milan, July 15, 1933 - July 31, 2003) was an Italian comics artist, who deeply influenced the European adult comics world in the second half of 20th century. ... Justine (or The Misfortunes of Virtue, or several other titles: see below) is a classical erotic novel by Donatien Alphonse FranÃ§ois de Sade, better known as the Marquis de Sade. ... Anne Desclos (September 23, 1907 - April 27, 1998) was a French journalist and novelist who wrote under the pseudonyms Dominique Aury and Pauline RÃ©age. ... Cover of a French edition of Histoire dO featuring Corinne Clery Histoire dO (English title: Story of O ) is a sadomasochistic novel by French author Pauline RÃ©age, revealed a few years before her death as being the pen name of Anne Desclos (1907-1998), who also wrote...

References

^ Love, Brenda (2002). The Encyclopedia of Unusual Sex Practices. UK: Abacus, p145. ISBN 0-349-11535-4.
^ Vie du Marquis de Sade by Gilbert Lêly, 1961
^ Barthes, Roland [1971] (2004). Life of Sade. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
^ Timeline of Sade's life by Neil Schaeffer. Accessed September 12, 2006.
^ Mirabeau, Honoré-Gabriel Riqueti (1921). L'Œuvre du comte de Mirabeau. Paris, France: Bibliothèque des curieux, p9.
^ McLemee, Scott (2002), "Sade, Marquis de", glbtq.com, <http://www.glbtq.com/literature/sade.html>
^ The Life and Times of the Marquis de Sade
^ Andrea Dworkin has Died, from Susie Bright's Journal, 11 April 2005. Accessed 23 November 2006
^ Istvan Csicsery-Ronay, Jr.. "Twenty-Two Answers and Two Postscripts: An Interview with Stanislaw Lem", DePauw University, 1986.

Portrait of Mirabeau HonorÃ© Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau (often referred to simply as Mirabeau; March 9, 1749 â€“ April 2, 1791) was a French writer, popular orator and statesman. ... glbtq. ...

Further reading about de Sade

Iwan Bloch (1872-1922) was a Berlin dermatologist and and often called the first sexologist. ... Pierre Klossowski (1905 â€“ August 12, 2001) was a French writer, translator and artist. ... LautrÃ©amont Comte de LautrÃ©amont was the pen name of Isidore Lucien Ducasse (April 4, 1846 â€“ November 24, 1870), a French poet whose only work, Les Chants de Maldoror, had a major influence on modern literature, and in particular on the Surrealist movement. ... Maurice Blanchot (September 27, 1907-February 20, 2003) was a French philosopher, literary theorist and writer of fiction. ... This article is about the French utopian socialist philosopher. ... Saint Ignatius of Loyola, also known as Ignacio (ÃÃ±igo) LÃ³pez de Loyola (December 24, 1491 â€“ July 31, 1556), was the principal founder and first Superior General of the Society of Jesus, a religious order of the Catholic Church professing direct service to the Pope in terms of mission. ... Roland Barthes Roland Barthes (November 12, 1915 â€“ March 25, 1980) (pronounced ) was a French literary critic, literary and social theorist, philosopher, and semiotician. ... Ronald Hayman is a British playwright, critic and writer, known for his biographies. ... Angela Carter (May 7, 1940 â€“ February 16, 1992) was an English novelist and journalist, known for her post-feminist magical realist and science fiction works. ... Philippe Sollers (b. ... Octavio Paz Lozano (March 31, 1914 â€“ April 19, 1998) was a Mexican writer, poet, and diplomat, and the winner of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Literature. ... Ronald Hayman is a British playwright, critic and writer, known for his biographies. ...

External links

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About his life and work

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Gheorghe Åžincai Gheorghe Åžincai (February 28, 1754 â€“ November 2, 1816) was an ethnic Romanian Transylvanian historian, philologist, translator, poet, and representative of the Enlightenment-influenced Transylvanian School. ... Jovellanos painted by Goya Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos (5 January 1744 - 27 November 1811), Spanish statesman and author, was born at GijÃ³n in Asturias, Spain. ... Leandro FernÃ¡ndez de MoratÃn, born March 10, 1760 â€“ died June 21, 1828, was a Spanish dramatist and neoclassical poet. ... Benito JerÃ³nimo FeijÃ³o y Montenegro (8 October 1676 - 26 September 1764) was a Spanish monk and scholar noted for encouraging scientific thought in Spain. ... Charles III of Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Jorge Juan y Santacilia Jorge Juan y Santacilia (January 5, 1713â€“June 21, 1773) was a Spanish mathematician, scientist, naval officer, and mariner. ... Antonio de Ulloa (January 12, 1716 _ July 3, 1795) was a Spanish general, explorer, author, astronomer, colonial administrator and the first Spanish governor of Louisiana. ... JosÃ© MoÃ±ino, conde de Floridablanca, painted by Goya JosÃ© MoÃ±ino, conde de Floridablanca Don JosÃ© MoÃ±ino y Redondo, Count of Floridablanca (es: JosÃ© MoÃ±ino y Redondo, conde de Floridablanca) (October 21, 1728 - December 30, 1808), Spanish statesman. ... This article is about Francisco Goya, a Spanish painter. ... For other uses, see Scandinavia (disambiguation). ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Jens Schielderup Sneedorff Jens Schielderup Sneedorff (22 August 1724â€“5 June 1764) was a Danish author, professor of political science and royal teacher and a central figure in Denmark-Norway in the Age of Enlightenment. ... Johann Friedrich Struensee By Jens Juel, 1771, Collection of Bomann Museum, Celle, Germany. ... {{unreferenced|article|date=March 2007]] Copper engraving depicting Eggert Ã“lafssons death. ... Anders Chydenius Anders Chydenius (26 February 1729 â€“ 1 February 1803) was the leading classical liberal of Nordic history. ... Peter ForsskÃ¥l (sometimes also Pehr ForsskÃ¥l, Peter Forskaol, Petrus ForskÃ¥l or Pehr ForsskÃ¥hl) (born in Helsinki, 11 January 1732, died in Yemen, 11 July 1763), Swedish explorer, orientalist and naturalist. ... Gustav III, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Vends, etc. ... Field Marshal and Count Arvid Bernhard Horn (April 6, 1664 â€“ April 17, 1742) was a statesman and a soldier of the Swedish empire during the period of Sweden-Finland). ... Johan Henrik Kellgren Johan Henrik Kellgren (1 December 1751-1795), Swedish poet and critic, was born at Floby in West Gothland. ... For other uses, see Capitalism (disambiguation). ... Civil liberties is the name given to freedoms that protect the individual from government. ... are you kiddin ? i was lookin for it for hours ... For other uses, see Ceremonial Deism. ... In philosophy generally, empiricism is a theory of knowledge emphasizing the role of experience, especially sensory perception, in the formation of ideas, while discounting the notion of innate ideas. ... Enlightened absolutism (also known as benevolent or enlightened despotism) is a form of despotism in which rulers were influenced by the Enlightenment. ... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... Haskalah (Hebrew: ×”×©×›×œ×”; enlightenment, education from sekhel intellect, mind ), the Jewish Enlightenment, was a movement among European Jews in the late 18th century that advocated adopting enlightenment values, pressing for better integration into European society, and increasing education in secular studies, Hebrew, and Jewish history. ... Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities â€” particularly rationality. ... Classical liberalism (also known as traditional liberalism[1] and laissez-faire liberalism[2]) is a doctrine stressing the importance of human rationality, individual property rights, natural rights, the protection of civil liberties, constitutional limitations of government, free markets, and individual freedom from restraint as exemplified in the writings of Adam... Natural philosophy or the philosophy of nature, known in Latin as philosophia naturalis, is a term applied to the objective study of nature and the physical universe that was regnant before the development of modern science. ... Rationality as a term is related to the idea of reason, a word which following Websters may be derived as much from older terms referring to thinking itself as from giving an account or an explanation. ... For other uses, see Reason (disambiguation). ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ... This article is about secularism. ... The EncyclopÃ©distes were a group of 18th century writers in France who compiled the EncyclopÃ©die (Encyclopedia) edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond dAlembert. ... Weimar Classicism is, as many historians and scholars argue, a disputed literary movement that took place in Germany and Continental Europe. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1814 (MDCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Saint-Maurice is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. ...

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