Title Red Mars

Cover of Red Mars
Author	Kim Stanley Robinson
Cover artist	Don Dixon
Country	United States
Language	English
Series	Mars Trilogy
Genre(s)	Science Fiction
Publisher	Spectra
Released	January 1, 1993
Media type	Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages	519 pp (Hardback)
ISBN	ISBN 0-553-09204-9
Preceded by	none
Followed by	Green Mars

The Mars trilogy is a series of award-winning science fiction novels by Kim Stanley Robinson, chronicling the settlement and terraforming of the planet Mars. The three novels are Red Mars (1992), Green Mars (1993) and Blue Mars (1996). An additional collection of short stories and background information was published as The Martians (1999). The viewpoint shifts in each chapter between various characters. This image is a book cover. ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Don Dixon is a record producer, songwriter, musician, bassist, and very occasional actor, originally from North Carolina. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Bantam Spectra is the science-fiction division of Bantam Books, which is owned by Random House. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Don Dixon is a record producer, songwriter, musician, bassist, and very occasional actor, originally from North Carolina. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Bantam Spectra is the science-fiction division of Bantam Books, which is owned by Random House. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Don Dixon is a record producer, songwriter, musician, bassist, and very occasional actor, originally from North Carolina. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Bantam Spectra is the science-fiction division of Bantam Books, which is owned by Random House. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Don Dixon is a record producer, songwriter, musician, bassist, and very occasional actor, originally from North Carolina. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Spectra are conditions or values that vary over a continuum. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... A novel (from French nouvelle Italian novella, new) is an extended, generally fictional narrative, typically in prose. ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Artists conception of a terraformed Mars in four stages of development. ... The eight planets and three dwarf planets of the Solar System. ... Fictional representations of Mars have been popular for over a century. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

Awards

• Red Mars won the BSFA Award in 1992 and the SFWA's Nebula Award in 1993.
• Green Mars won the Hugo Award in 1994.
• Blue Mars won the Hugo Award in 1997.

The British Science Fiction Association (BSFA) annually presents four awards (though numbers have differed in previous years) based on a vote of BSFA members and recently also members of the Eastercon. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... Science Fiction Writers of America, or SFWA (pronounced siff-wah or seff-wah), was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight. ... Winners of the Nebula Award for Best Novel. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The Hugo Awards are given annually for the best science fiction or fantasy works. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... The Hugo Awards are given annually for the best science fiction or fantasy works. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Plot

Red Mars starts in 2026 with the first colonial voyage to Mars. Later, "the First Hundred" colonists (composed for the most part of Russians and Americans) establish the first settlement on Mars (called "Underhill") and lay the groundwork for more scientists and engineers to follow. However, due to the greed of the transnational corporations, which dominate and control the nation states of Earth, the new Martian towns become overcrowded and undermaintained. Several cases of sabotage of terraformation infrastructure occur, blamed on anti-terraforming forces. The situation results in a violent revolution in 2061, in which many of the First Hundred are killed, and much of Mars' infrastructure, notably the space elevator, is destroyed. Most of the surviving members of the First Hundred are forced into hiding in the "underground". 2026 (MMXXVI) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A multinational corporation (MNC) or transnational corporation (TNC) is one that spans multiple nations; these corporations are often very large. ... A nation-state is a specific form of state, which exists to provide a sovereign territory for a particular nation, and which derives its legitimacy from that function. ... Adjectives: Terrestrial, Terran, Telluric, Tellurian, Earthly Atmosphere Surface pressure: 101. ... German supply train blown up by the Armia Krajowa during World War II Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening an enemy, oppressor or employer through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction. ... The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789 during the French Revolution. ... For the book, see 2061: Odyssey Three. ... A space elevator would consist of a cable anchored to the Earths surface, reaching into space. ...

Green Mars takes its title from the stage of terraforming that has taken place allowing plants to grow. It picks up the story from Red Mars, following the lives of the remaining First Hundred (and their children and grandchildren). The "underground" starts to develop ideas of a new type of society, an anti-thesis of the metanational order at that time. This culminates into the Dorsa Brevia agreement, in which nearly all the "underground" factions take part. Preparations are made for a second revolution beginning in the 2120s. u fuck in ua ...

The story follows the lives and experiences of several characters spanning several generations and several factions. The story starts with focus on the lives of the defeated rebels from the 2061 revolution. They are portrayed as living in hidden shelter or in semi-hidden (above ground) shelters collectively called the demimonde.

Hiroko Ai's philosophy of Aerophany is explored further, and Zygote (the hidden sanctuary of Hiroko's followers and supporters) is portrayed along with the childhood of several of the nisei. Nisei (二世 lit. ...

As the book follows the characters across the martian landscape, details about the martian landscape is explained in great detail. As Sax Russell's character infiltrates the transnat terraforming project, the newly evolving martian biosphere is explained at great length.

A mainstay of the novel is a detailed analysis of philosophical, economical, and geological experiences of the characters.

The story weaves back and forth from character to character trying to provide a picture of Mars as seen by them.

Blue Mars takes its title from the stage of terraforming that has taken place allowing atmospheric pressure and temperature to increase so that liquid water can exist on the planet's surface, forming rivers and seas. It follows on from the end of Green Mars and has a much wider scope than the previous two books, covering an entire century after the second revolution and showing the spread of human settlements across the solar system—a process Robinson terms the Accelerando. One major event is a sudden, catastrophic rise in Earth's global sea levels, caused not by any greenhouse effect, but by the eruption of a chain of volcanoes underneath the ice of west Antarctica, melting it all away. A liquid will usually assume the shape of its container A liquid is one of the main states of matter. ... Impact of a drop of water creating circular capillary waves. ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... Sea as seen from jetty in Frankston, Australia Look up maritime in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Major features of the Solar System (not to scale; from left to right): Pluto, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, the asteroid belt, the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and its Moon, and Mars. ... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... A schematic representation of the exchanges of energy between outer space, the Earths atmosphere, and the Earth surface. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ...

The Martians is a collection of short stories that takes place over the timespan of the original trilogy of novels, as well as some stories that take place in an alternate version of the novels where the First Hundred's mission was one of exploration rather than colonization. Buried in the stories are several hints about the eventual fate of the Martian terraforming program. This article is in need of attention. ...

The books also speculate on the colonization of other planets and moons in the solar system, and include descriptions of cities on Callisto, Mercury, Titania, and Venus. Apparent magnitude: up to -12. ... Major features of the Solar System (not to scale; from left to right): Pluto, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, the asteroid belt, the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and its Moon, and Mars. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Note: This article contains special characters. ... Atmospheric pressure   Titania (ti-taan-ee-É™ or tye-tan-ee-É™) is the largest moon of Uranus. ... (*min temperature refers to cloud tops only) Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 9. ...

A great portion of Blue Mars is concerned with the effects of extreme longevity on its fictional protagonists, most of whom have lived over two hundred years as a result of repeated longevity treatments. In particular, Robinson speculates on the psychological effects of ultra-longevity including memory loss, personality change, mental instability and boredom. A year is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. ... Longevity is defined as long life or the length of a persons life (life expectancy). ... Kim Stanley Robinson at the 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Kim Stanley Robinson (born March 23, 1952) is an American science fiction writer, probably best known for his award-winning Mars trilogy. ... Psychology is an academic or applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes such as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships. ... In psychology, memory is an organisms ability to store, retain, and subsequently recall information. ... Boredom is when someone perceives ones environment as dull, tedious, and lacking stimuli. ...

Corporations

Metanational corporations, nicknamed "metanats", are extremely powerful transnational corporations that first emerge in the mid-21st Century. These multinational corporations have grown so large as a result of globalisation that they have sufficient economic power to take over or strongly manipulate national governments, initially only relatively small Third World governments, but later larger developed governments too. In Robinson's future history, the metanational corporation hence becomes the inheritor to the nation-state, with the giant corporations continuing to attempt takeovers of competitors in order to become the sole controller of the interplanetary market. As the Mars trilogy draws to a close, in the mid 22nd Century, the metanational corporations are forced by a global catastrophe to concede more democratic powers to their workforces. The 21st century is the present century of the Anno Domini (common) era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... Globalization is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that are the result of dramatically increased trade and cultural exchange. ... For the Jamaican reggae band, see Third World (band). ... A future history is a postulated history of the future that some science fiction authors construct as a common background for fiction. ... The term nation-state, while often used interchangeably with the terms unitary state and independent state, refers properly to the parallel occurence of a state and a nation. ... Existing or occurring between planets. ... Look up Market in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The 22nd century (Gregorian calendar) will comprise the years 2101-2200. ... Catastrophe (Gk. ...

The metanational corporations include Praxis, a largely benevolent and relatively democratic firm, and Subarashii, which plays a large role in the maltreatment of the denizens of Mars.

Characters

John Boone

An American astronaut, and the first man on Mars. He returns from Mars a public hero, and uses his considerable influence to lobby for a second mission, this time one of colonization. Boone received too much radiation on his first trip to make the second one, according to medical regulations; however, his celebrity status allows him to skirt this. On the second voyage, Boone is one of the 'First Hundred' colonists sent to permanently colonize Mars. His accomplishments and natural charm yield him an informal leadership role. In the first chapter of Red Mars, John Boone is assassinated by fundamentalists acting under the aegis of Frank Chalmers. The narrative then steps back to the First Hundred's voyage to Mars aboard the spaceship Ares. His ideas continue as a point of reference for the remainder of the trilogy. Boone's character is complex. In one light, Boone is a stereotypically simple, heroic figure, an everyman hero: his first words on his first trip to Mars are "Well, here we are". He is almost uniformly cheerful and good-natured, and approaches everything he undertakes with hale bonhomie. But later in Red Mars, Robinson switches to Boone's point of view, rather than showing him through others' eyes. This section reveals that late in life, Boone is addicted to omegendorph, a fictional drug that is based on endorphins in the human brain. In addition, it reveals that at least some of his seeming simplicity might simply be an act designed to further his political goals. Overall, Boone is presented as larger-than-life — his flaws as well as his virtues. For other uses, see Astronaut (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that Interest representation: Academic overview be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Colonialism. ... Radiation as used in physics, is energy in the form of waves or particles. ... In literature and storytelling, a point of view is the related experience of the narrator — not that of the author. ... // Runners high redirects here. ... A sketch of the human brain by artist Priyan Weerappuli, imposed upon the profile of Michelangelos David. ...

Frank Chalmers

Head of the American contingent. He is machiavellian in his use of power. However, his cynicism is later shown to be a form of self-defense; Chalmers is at least partly driven by a hidden idealistic side. Early in the voyage to Mars he became romantically involved with Maya Toitovna, the leader of the Russian contingent of the mission. During the second-half of the voyage, Maya became involved with John Boone. Already bitter that John was allowed to join the colonization mission despite his manipulations, Frank further despised John because of Maya's affection. His dislike culminates in his involvement in a plot to assassinate John, which ultimately succeeds. Frank later flees with Maya and other members of the Hundred to join the hidden colonists at the polar ice cap. He dies trying to save them when they get trapped in a flood unleashed from underground aquifers. Machiavellianism is the term some social and personality psychologists use to describe a persons tendency to deceive and manipulate others for personal gain. ...

Maya Toitovna

An emotional woman who is at the centre of a love triangle between Boone and Chalmers. She begins as head of the Russian contingent. The novels hint she used both wit and seduction to rise through the ranks of the Russian space agency to become the leader of the first colonization mission. After the first revolution she flees with other members of the Hundred to the hidden colony in the pole. She becomes a school teacher for the children of the hidden colonists, but later becomes a powerful political force. After the deaths of Chalmers and Boone, she falls in love with Michel Duval. She suffers heavily from amnesia and a bipolar disorder with growing age. August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ...

Nadia Chernyshevski

A Russian engineer who started out building nuclear reactors in Siberia. During the voyage and initial exploration of Mars, she does her best to avoid the squabbles of the other members of the Hundred. Instead, she busies herself by building the first permanent habitation of Mars, Underhill, using programmed automated robots. She also helps to construct a new and larger habitat and research facility in a nearby canyon. In the later books she becomes a reluctant politician. Nadia is in love with Arkady Bogdanov and is devastated when he is killed. In Green Mars she falls in love with Art Randolph, with whom she eventually starts a family. After Martian independence, she becomes the first "President" of Mars.

Arkady Bogdanov

An engineer with anarchist/Marxist leanings, possibly based on Russian futurists Alexander Bogdanov (the character's ancestor) and Arkady Strugatsky. He is seen by many other members of the First Hundred, particular Boyle, as a troublemaker. He leads the team which establishes an outpost on the moon Phobos and leads an uprising against the transnational corporation towards the end of first book. Like Boone's, his political ideas (known as "Bogdanovism") weigh heavily on characters later in the book. In love with Nadia Chernyshevski, he is killed during the first revolution of 2061. Anarchism is a political philosophy or group of doctrines and attitudes centered on rejection of any form of compulsory government (cf. ... Marxismtakes its name from the praxis — the synthesis of philosophy and political action — of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ... Futurists is a term often used to describe management consultants who advise corporations on a wide range of global trends, risk management and potential market opportunities. ... Alexander Bogdanov (1873 - 1928) was a Russian physician, philosopher, economist, writer, and revolutionary. ... The two brothers Arkady (Арка́дий, August 28, 1925 – October 12, 1991) and Boris (Бори́с, born April 14, 1933) Strugatsky (Струга́цкий; alternate spelling: Strugatski) are Russian science fiction... Phobos (IPA or , Greek Φόβος: Fright), is the larger and innermost of Mars two moons (the other being Deimos), and is named after Phobos, son of Ares (Mars) from Greek Mythology. ...

Saxifrage "Sax" Russell

American physicist. He is a brilliant and creative scientist and is greatly respected for his intellectual gifts. However, he is lacking in social skills and often finds it difficult to understand and relate to other people. Russell is a leader of the Green movement (a movement whose goal is to terraform Mars). During Green Mars, Sax suffers aphasia (likely Broca's aphasia) after suffering a stroke while being brutally tortured by government security forces. Originally apolitical, this event and a growing attachment to Mars itself leads Russell to become the physical architect of the second revolution. Secretly in love with Ann Clayborne. Saxifrage means "Stonebreaker" (Russell is a terraformer) and is the name for a plant that grows between stones. ... Artists conception of a terraformed Mars in four stages of development. ... Look up aphasia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Expressive aphasia, known as Brocas aphasia in clinical neuropsychology and agrammatic aphasia in cognitive neuropsychology, is an aphasia caused by damage to Brocas area in the brain. ... Species many, see text Saxifraga is a plant genus with about 440 known species of perennials, making it the largest genus of the family Saxifragaceae. ...

Ann Clayborne

American geologist, who wants Mars preserved in its pristine state. She becomes a leader of the Red movement which is dedicated to this goal. She is frequently seen as bitter and preferably lives in solitude on extensive trips all over Mars. She has a hate-love relationship with Saxifrage Russell, an American physicist and leader of the Green Mars movement that wants to terraform Mars. After she shows signs of aging and her death seems imminent, Russel has the longevity cure administered to her (she being in a coma). She develops a more complex personality afterwards - sometimes remaining close to her isolationist position, sometimes appreciating the cure and the "blue" Mars. the are cool The Geologist by Carl Spitzweg A geologist is a contributor to the science of geology, studying the physical structure and processes of the Earth and planets of the solar system (see planetary geology). ...

Hiroko Ai

A Japanese expert on biology, agriculture, and ecological systems. It was Hiroko who smuggled Desmond 'Coyote' Hawkins onto the Ares (the two were friends and lovers as students in London). She is the charismatic leader of the "farm team", one of the important work groups and cliques among the first hundred. She thus becomes the focus of many of the trilogy's central themes. Most importantly, she teaches the importance of maintaining a respectful relation to one's planet. On Mars, this is called the Areophany. In the secret colony, Zygote, which Hiroko established, the first generation of children, the 'ectogenes', are all the product of artificial insemination outside of any human body; Hiroko uses her own ova as the female genetic material, and uses (often unaware) male members of the first hundred to fertilize these eggs. She is seldom at the center of the narrative, but her influence is pervasive. Her profound absence is on the scale of John Galt in Atlas Shrugged or Harry Lime in The Third Man. She disappears again in Green Mars. Her ultimate fate is left unresolved.   literally North Sea Route, Ainu: Mosir), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is the second largest island and largest prefecture of Japan. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Ernst Haeckel coined the term oekologie in 1866. ... Characters in Ayn Rands novel, Atlas Shrugged. ... Atlas Shrugged is a novel by Ayn Rand, first published in 1957 in the USA. It was Rands last work of fiction before concentrating her writings exclusively on philosophy, politics and cultural criticism. ... The Third Man (1949) is a British film noir directed by Carol Reed. ...

Michel Duval

A French psychologist, assigned to monitor the psychological welfare of the First Hundred first in their training in Antarctica and then was later sent to Mars. He is often treated more as an observer than as a member of the group. His aloof personality enforces this ostracism and also subverts his relationships with others. Two girlfriends leave him because "he was not there." He subsequently is invited by Hiroko to flee with the botany group to become the first hidden colonists. He desperately wants to go back to Provence as he knew it, although after visiting as a part of the Diplomatic Mission to Earth he became even more homesick. Falls in love with Maya Toitovna and dies after she displays signs of very heavy amnesia. A psychologist is a scientist and/or clinician who studies psychology, the systematic investigation of the human mind, including behavior and cognition. ... Coat of arms of Provence Provence (Provençal Occitan: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm) is a former Roman province and is now a region of southeastern France, located on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to the Italian border. ...

Vlad Taneev

Russian biological scientist; nearly sixty when arriving on Mars, he is the oldest of the First Hundred. Taneev is the head of all medical treatment and research projects on Mars. He became famous as the creator of a gerontological treatment to stave off old age, and for consistently bringing out improvements to the Treatments. He lived in Acheron in the North of Mars before fleeing to the Underground after the First (failed) Revolution. He lived in a Ménage à trois with Ursula and Marina, the exact nature of which is never resolved. Look up ménage à trois in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Phyllis Boyle

American Christian geologist, who favors corporate control of Mars. Her harsh personality does not win her many friends among the First Hundred. She eventually sides against most of the first hundred with the UN Mars Agency. She ruled Mars from the Clark Space Elevator with an iron fist until the first, failed revolution sent it spinning off into the outer Solar System. She survived and was able to bring the station back to the inner systems. She engaged in a brief sexual relationship with Saxifrage Russell, who despised her, while he was working under an alias. Boyle is killed by Maya Toitovna during the rescue of Saxifrage Russell from Kasei Vallis. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Christianity. ... A space elevator would consist of a cable anchored to the Earths surface, reaching into space. ...

Desmond "the Coyote" Hawkins

The Trinidadian stowaway. He is a friend and supporter of Hiroko, in addition to being a fervent anarchist. Present in Red Mars only as a shadowy figure who blends effortlessly into the Martian background, he isn't even identified as anything more than "the Coyote" until the beginning of Green Mars. He becomes a leading figure in the "underground," and an unofficial coordinator of a developing gift economy. Look up Trinidad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Trinidad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A gift economy is an economic system in which the prevalent mode of exchange is for goods and services to be given without explicit agreement upon a quid pro quo (the Latin term for the concept of a favor for a favor). Typically, this occurs in a cultural context where...

Children of the First Hundred

Since the trilogy covers over 200 years of human history, later immigrants and the children and grandchildren of the first hundred eventually become important characters in their own rights.

Nirgal

The son of Hiroko and the Coyote is raised communally by Hiroko and her followers in Zygote. He is a good-natured wanderer who eventually becomes a political leader advocating ties with Earth. He is famous for his running technique that allows him to run all day for days on end. Nirgal was part of a mission that was sent to Earth where he almost died. He was named after a Babylonian wargod, since the planet Mars was named after a Roman wargod. The name Nergal (or Nirgal, Nirgali) refers to a deity in Babylonia with the main seat of his cult at Cuthah represented by the mound of Tell-Ibrahim. ... Adjectives: Martian Atmosphere Surface pressure: 0. ...

Jackie Boone

The granddaughter of Hiroko and John Boone (raised with Nirgal), emerges as an isolationist leader, presented as manipulative. After an influential political career she steps down from Free Mars and joins an expedition to an extrasolar planet near Aldeberan. Comparison between Aldebaran and the Sun The star Aldebaran (α Tauri) is the brightest star in the constellation Taurus. ...

Peter Clayborne

Peter is the first of the new generation of children born on Mars. He is also Ann's son. Being one of the first children born on Mars, Peter holds a position of older brother to all the following first generation. Many revolutionary and later political decisions of the MarsFirst movement are influenced by his opinions and judgement. Part time he works as an engineer and a "green."

Other characters

Arthur "Art" Randolph

A representative of the Praxis corporation sent to contact the Martian underground movement on a quasi-diplomatic mission. The Praxis Corporation is an attempt to create a system of "ecological capitalism" based on democratic corporations; like the other "metanationals," it takes on intensive economic and political ties with governments, but Praxis aims for partnerships rather than exploitive relationships. Diplomat redirects here. ...

Kasei

Kasei is son of Hiroko and John Boone, father of Jackie Boone. Kasei is the leader of Kakaze, a radical Red faction. His name is Japanese for the planet Mars.

Zeyk Tuqa and his wife Nazik

They are Muslim nomads. Zeyk's eidetic memory becomes a minor plot point. There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Eidetic memory, photographic memory, or total recall, is the ability to recall images, sounds, or objects in memory with great accuracy and in seemingly abundant volume. ...

William Fort

He is founder of Praxis, embraces a fusion of Eastern and Western lifestyles.

Zoya "Zo" Boone

She is daughter of Jackie. Via the gerontological longevity treatment, she has feline traits (purring) inserted into her genome. In Blue Mars, she travels the solar system running political errands for Jackie, although the two do not get along particularly well. Her character is portrayed as hedonistic, making sexual satisfaction a priority and seemingly having little regard for the feelings of others. On the other hand, she apparently has a conscience, risking her life to rescue a man on Mercury and later dying in an attempt to save a distressed flier.

Nikki

She is daughter of Nadia and Art

Quotes

• Zoya Boone: "It's like a rainbow. Without an observer at a twenty-three-degree angle to the light reflecting off a cloud of spherical droplets, there is no rainbow. The whole universe is like that. Our spirits stand at a twenty-three-degree angle to the universe. There is some new thing created at the contact of photon and retina, some space between rock and mind."
• Hiroko Ai: "This is home. This is where we start again."
• Sax Russell: "It doesn't take a rocket scientist to be a rocket scientist."

Screen adaptation

The Mars trilogy rights were at one point held by James Cameron [1], who planned a five-hour miniseries to be directed by Martha Coolidge[2], but he passed on the option. Later Gale Ann Hurd planned a similar mini-series for the Sci-Fi Channel, which has also remained unproduced.[3] For other persons named James Cameron, see James Cameron (disambiguation). ... Martha Coolidge (born August 17, 1946) is a U.S. film director. ... Gale Anne Hurd (born October 25, 1955 in Los Angeles, California) is a producer of many box office hits. ... SCI FI (sometimes rendered Sci-Fi when part of a longer phrase) is an American cable television channel, launched on September 24, 1992, specializing in science fiction, fantasy, horror, and paranormal programming. ...

See also

• Icehenge
• Space colonization in popular culture
• Terraforming of Mars
• Colonization of Mars
• Mars in fiction

Icehenge (1985) is a science-fiction novel by Kim Stanley Robinson. ... Space colonization has been commonly presented in popular culture during since the 20th century, and has become a staple of science fiction. ... Artists conception of a terraformed Mars centered on the Tharsis region. ... Mars Many believe space colonization is a desirable and perhaps inevitable step in the future of humanity. ... Fictional representations of Mars have been popular for over a century. ...

External links

• Mars trilogy fan site
• The Kim Stanley Robinson Encyclopedia: A new Wiki project
• Review of the trilogy