Hernán Cortés, the conquistador who brought the Aztec Empire under the sway of the Spanish crown, named two of his sons Martín Cortés (presumably after his own father). Hernán Cortés Hernán Cortés (1485–December 2, 1547) (who was known as Hernando or Fernando Cortés during his lifetime and signed all his letters Fernán Cortés) was the conquistador who conquered Mexico for Spain. ... Conquistador (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who brought much of the Americas under Spanish rule between the 15th and 17th centuries. ... The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th century. ...

One Martín Cortés (1523 – ?) was the son of Cortés and La Malinche, born in Tenochtitlan shortly after the Conquest; the other was his half-brother Martín Cortés (1533 – 1589), Second Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca, the son of Cortés and his second Spanish wife, Juana de Zúniga. The mestizo Martín lived in the shadow of his half-brother, becoming a servant to him; not being himself of pure Spanish blood, he was often treated as a second-class citizen. Events April - Battle of Villalors - Forces loyal to Emperor Charles V defeat the Comuneros, a league of urban bourgeois rebelling against Charles in Spain. ... La Malinche (c. ... Plan of Tenochtitlan (Dr Atl) Mexico City statue commemorating the foundation of Tenochtitlan Tenochtitlan (pronounced ) or, alternatively, Mexico-Tenochtitlan, was the capital of the Aztec empire, which was built on an island in Lake Texcoco in what is now central Mexico. ... Events January 25 - King Henry VIII of England marries Anne Boleyn, his second Queen consort. ... Events Rebellion of the Catholic League against King Henry III of France, in revenge for his murder of Duke Henry of Guise. ... Oaxaca is the name of a city and a state in Mexico. ... Mestizo (Portuguese, Mestiço; Canadian French, Métis: from Late Latin mixtcius, from Latin mixtus, past participle of miscre, to mix) is a term of Spanish origin used to designate the peoples of mixed European and Amerindian racial strain inhabiting the region spanning the Americas, from the Canadian prairies in the north...

In 1563, the two brothers returned to Mexico from Spain, where they were caught conspiring against the Spanish crown in 1568 (a plot whereby the Spanish Martín would have set himself up as King of Mexico), but they were caught, brought to trial, and sentenced to perpetual exile from Spain's American possessions. Events February 18 - The Duke of Guise is assassinated while besieging Orléans March - Peace of Amboise. ... Events March 23 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. ...

Reference

• John Chasteen, Born in Blood and Fire: A Concise History of Latin America, 2001