Martin Joel Wiener is an American academic and author. Plato is credited with the inception of academia: the body of knowledge, its development and transmission across generations. ... An author is the person who creates a written work, such as a book, story, article or the like. ...

His main claim to fame lies with his 1981 book English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit: 1850–1980, which was a concerted attack on the British elite for its indifference to and wariness of industrialism and commercialism. Although the commercial and industrial revolutions originated in England, Wiener blamed a persistent strain in British culture, characterised by wariness of capitalist expansion and yearning for an arcadian rural society, which had prevented England – and Britain as a whole – from fully exploiting the benefits of what it had created. He was particularly scathing about the self-made industrial capitalists of the 19th century who, from the middle of that century onwards, increasingly sent their children to public schools where "the sons of businessmen were looked down upon and science was barely taught". 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Commercialism in art Critics may accuse an artist of excess commercialism (colloquially, selling out) if they believe that he has compromised the quality of his work for monetary gain. ... The Commercial Revolution was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately 1520 until 1650. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the British Isles Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001 Census) – Density Ranked 1st UK... The culture of the United Kingdom is rich and varied, and has been influential on culture on a worldwide scale. ... In economics, a capitalist is someone who owns capital, presumably within the economic system of capitalism. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... A public school, in current English, Welsh and Northern Ireland usage, is a (usually) prestigious independent school, for children usually between the ages of 11 or 13 and 18, which charges fees and is not financed by the state. ...

While such views had already been heard from the likes of Eric Hobsbawm (Marxist) and Correlli Barnett (mainstream centre-Left), it was quite a new thing in Britain in 1981 to hear such views from a Right-wing perspective. The book inspired the New Right of the Thatcher government to move further away from the Old Right; specifically, for its first two years the Thatcher administration had held the view that Britain's industrial, economic and commercial decline was down purely to militant trade unionists and to the fact that Britain effectively bankrupted itself winning the Second World War. From 1981 onwards the faction in the party led by Keith Joseph came more and more to believe that a wariness of capitalist and economic expansionist values held by the old guard of the party had done just as much damage, if not more. Eric John Blair Hobsbawm (born June 9, 1917) is a British Marxist historian and author, once the leading theorist of the now defunct Communist Party of Great Britain. ... Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ... Correlli Barnett (born June 28, 1927 in Norbury, Surrey) is an English military historian, who has written also on the United Kingdoms industrial decline. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... New Right is used in several countries as a descriptive term for various forms of conservatism that emerged in the mid- to late twentieth century. ... Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (born 13 October 1925) is a British politician and a former barrister and chemist. ... The Old Right refers to separate political groups in the United Kingdom and the United States. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... Combatants Allies: • Soviet Union, • UK & Commonwealth, • USA, • France/Free France, • China, • Poland, • ...and others Axis: • Germany, • Japan, • Italy, • ...and others Commanders Strength Casualties Full list Full list World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a large scale military conflict that took place between 1939 and 1945. ... Keith Sinjohn Joseph, Baron Joseph, 2nd Bt. ...

Joseph gave a copy of Wiener's book to every cabinet minister, and the departure of many "wet" Tories from the cabinet soon afterwards may well have had something to do with such Tories' opposition to the book's attack on their own restrained, gentlemanly values. Quite apart from its importance in the development of the Thatcher government, Wiener's influence has been at least partially credited with (or blamed for) the general increased dominance of commercial and market values in Britain over the last two decades, the way certain ancient Establishment institutions have become deeply concerned with "rebranding" and "modernising" themselves (for example the removal of ancient rituals and the increased emphasis on "young enterprise" in many public schools, or the British Royal Family's "Party at the Palace" in 2002) and the upsurge in highly successful British pop and rock singers and musicians who were educated privately, such as James Blunt, Chris Martin, Will Young, Keane, Busted and McFly (which many credit to a rapidly declining suspicion of such unashamedly commercial and American-led cultural forms as pop music among that social class). Alternate meanings in cabinet (disambiguation) A Cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of government, typically representing the executive branch. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Members of the Royal Family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace after the Trooping the Colour ceremony The British Royal Family is a group of people closely related to the British monarch. ... James Blunt (born James Hillier Blount, 22 February 1974) is an English musician who is signed to Linda Perrys American label Custard, and whose debut album, Back To Bedlam, and single releases — especially number one hit Youre Beautiful — brought him to fame in 2005. ... Chris Martin Christopher Anthony John Martin (born March 2, 1977) is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist and pianist of the band Coldplay. ... Will Young William Robert Will Young (born January 20, 1979), is a British singer and actor. ... Keane is an English band from Battle, East Sussex. ... CD cover of second album A Present for Everyone Busted were a British pop group made up of three members: James Bourne, Charlie Simpson and Matt Jay which formed in 2001 and disbanded in 2005. ... McFly is a pop group based in the United Kingdom The band members are Danny Jones (born March 12, 1986), Dougie Poynter (born November 30, 1987), Tom Fletcher (born July 17, 1985) and Harry Judd (born December 23, 1985). ...

Among writers and movements of the British Right, a gap has clearly evolved since the 1980s between "Wienerites" and "anti-Wienerites". Those who share Wiener's slant most prominently include Andrew Neil (editor of The Sunday Times in the 1980s and early 1990s), the American-based but British-raised Andrew Sullivan, the Canadian-born but British-based Mark Steyn, the Times columnist and Tory MP Michael Gove, and most writers associated with The Economist (especially its Washington correspondent Adrian Wooldridge, who in 2004 likened the sort of British conservatives Wiener attacked to the leftist film-maker and polemicist Michael Moore, tellingly saying that old-school Tories dislike George W. Bush because he "represents an America where people believe in business, rather than dismissing it as a rather grubby pastime"). Among newspapers, The Sunday Times has been the most fervently Wienerite, very largely due to Andrew Neil's pervasive influence. Among Right-wing fringe groups, the Democracy Movement and other groups of Tory modernisers share most of Wiener's ideas on capitalist expansion and much of his contempt for the old guard in the party. Andrew Neil, distinguished journalist and broadcaster Andrew Neil (born May 21, 1949) is a British journalist and broadcaster. ... The Sunday Times is the name of several Sunday newspapers. ... Andrew Sullivan Andrew Sullivan (born August 10, 1963) is an English-American journalist, blogger and former editor of The New Republic, known both for his heterodox personal-political identity (HIV-positive, gay and Roman Catholic) and for his efforts in the field of blog journalism. ... Mark Steyn is a Canadian journalist, columnist, and film and theatre critic. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom. ... Michael Andrew Gove (born August 26, 1967, Edinburgh) is a British politician, journalist and author. ... The Economist is a weekly news and international affairs publication of The Economist Newspaper Limited in London. ... Official language(s) None Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 18th 184,824 km² 385 km 580 km 6. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, whilst filming a costume drama on location in London. ... Michael Moore pictured on the cover of his book Michael Moore (born April 23, 1954) is an American film director, author, and social commentator. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States. ... The Democracy Movement is a crossparty Eurosceptic pressure group in the UK with around 150 local branches. ...

Leading anti-Wienerites of the mainstream Right have included Peregrine Worsthorne (former editor of the Sunday Telegraph), the late Auberon Waugh, Max Hastings (former editor of The Daily Telegraph and Evening Standard) and Stuart Reid (assistant editor of The Spectator). Practically the entire British National Party and the wider far-Right movement, who are strongly economically protectionist and quasi-socialist, could also be described as anti-Wienerites (along with much else). The Conservative Democratic Alliance, a fringe group of the Old Right, is often passionately and unashamedly anti-Wienerite. Some prominent Right-wing thinkers, notably Digby Anderson, still stand on the borderline. Sir Peregrine Gerard Worsthorne (born December 22, 1923) is a British Conservative journalist, writer and broadcaster. ... This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ... Auberon Alexander Waugh (November 17, 1939 – January 16, 2001) was a British author and journalist. ... Sir Max Hastings is a British journalist, editor, historian and author. ... This article concerns the British newspaper. ... Headlines of the Evening Standard on the day of London bombing on July 7, 2005, in Waterloo Station The Evening Standard is a London tabloid newspaper published and sold in London and surrounding areas, and is technically a local paper, although it carries considerable influence. ... The Spectator is a conservative British political magazine, established 1828, published weekly. ... The British National Party (BNP) is the largest political party of the far right in the United Kingdom. ... Protectionism is the economic policy of protecting a nations manufacturing base from the effects of foreign competition (such as including Dumping) by means of high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and other means of reducing importation. ... The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. ... The Conservative Democratic Alliance is a strongly right-wing United Kingdom pressure group which considers the Conservative Party to have swung overtly to the left in recent years in its attempts to modernise itself. ...

In 2004 a revised edition was published of English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit: 1850–1980, reflecting on the original debate surrounding the book and accounting related events of the last 20 years. He continues to want hen fap. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Selected bibliography

• Between two worlds : The political thought of Graham Wallas, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.
• English culture and the decline of the industrial spirit 1850-1980. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1981.
  • English culture and the decline of the industrial spirit 1850-1980. Paperback edition. Harmondsworth: Penguin books, 1985.
  • English culture and the decline of the industrial spirit 1850-1980. New edition. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2004.
• Reconstructing the criminal : culture, law and policy in England, 1830-1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
• Men of blood : violence, manliness and criminal justice in Victorian England, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.